Week 3 SmartBook (Chapters 6-7)

Actions such as providing insufficient resources, creating tight time lines and rigid processes, and creating fragmented work schedules all act to

stifle the creativity of followers.

CRT defines as the result of conflicts with superiors or the apprehension associated with performance evaluation.

stress

The unfamiliar, ambiguous situations in which traits are especially important in determining how people behave are called _____________ situations.

weak

True or false: Like personality traits and preferences, intelligence is relatively easy to change.

False

True or false: Personality traits are more closely related to leadership effectiveness in strong situations.

False

True or false: Competency-based 360-degree questionnaires are currently the most prevalent 360-degree feedback process that can be found in organizations.

true

True or false: Former General Electrics CEO Jack Welch credits much of the success of the company to 360 degree feedback.

true

Which of the following is not included in a definition of personality?

A discussion of the person's history

Which individual would be most likely to be a leader according to CRT?

A fourth year starting quarterback.

Which of the following is the definition of emotional intelligence given by Peter Salovey and John Mayer?

A group of mental abilities that help people to recognize their own feelings and those of others

Which type of leader is most likely to be successful?

A leader who can empathize and get along with others

Which of the following are pairs in the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator?

Extraverted or introverted

Which of the following is not part of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator test?

Extrinsic-intrinsic

True or false: As compared to the OCEAN model, the mixed model of emotional intelligence is significantly better at predicting performance.

False

True or false: The OCEAN model is of limited use across cultures.

False

True or false: Traits are the only way to describe stereotypical behaviors.

False

Which of the following is not a good way to boost creativity in an organization?

Focusing on extrinsic motivation rather than focusing on intrinsic motivation

Which of the following are job-centered dimensions of leadership behavior?

Goal emphasis and work facilitation

At which organizational level would an individual need allocate capital to maximize business success?

Group manager

Which of the following is not a use of the Leadership Pipeline model?

Identifying a cadre of upcoming leaders

Which type of leadership style suggests that exertion of minimal effort to get required work done is appropriate to sustain organization management?

Impoverished Management

Which of the following is not true of more intelligent leaders as compared to those who are less intelligent?

Intelligent leaders are slower on their feet.

The Five Factor Model includes all of the following dimensions except which?

Introversion

Which of the following building blocks is relatively easy to change?

Knowledge

Which of the following refers to the leadership competency of engaging a critical mass to take action to achieve a specific outcome or set of outcomes?

Mobilization

'I enjoy going to school' is a behavior associated with which of the factors in the OCEAN model of personality?

Openness to experience

Which of the following is not one of the four major categories identified by Hogan and Warrenfelz that comprise most competency models?

Organizational skills

According to Ralph Stogdill, which of the following are conclusions of research studies that looked at whether certain personality traits, physical attributes, intelligence, or personal values differentiated leaders from followers? (Check all that apply.) People who were smart or hardworking were often less successful at influencing a group to accomplish its goals than people who were less smart or impulsive. People who were smart or willing to take charge were often more successful at building teams than people who were less smart or not fond of giving orders. People who were impulsive or not fond of giving orders were often more successful at building teams than people who were conscientious or willing to take charge. People who were grumpy or impulsive were often less successful at influencing a group to accomplish its goals than people who were smart or conscientious.

People who were smart or willing to take charge were often more successful at building teams than people who were less smart or not fond of giving orders. People who were grumpy or impulsive were often less successful at influencing a group to accomplish its goals than people who were smart or conscientious.

Identify the conclusions of research studies summarized by Ralph Stogdill that looked at whether certain personality traits, physical attributes, intelligence, or personal values differentiated leaders from followers. (Check all that apply.) Some characteristics, such as intelligence, initiative, stress tolerance, responsibility, and dominance, were modestly related to leadership success. People who were friendly or willing to take charge were often less successful at building teams than people who were impulsive or not fond of giving orders. Lazy or grumpy leaders were successful at influencing a group to accomplish its goals, unlike hardworking, friendly, or conscientious leaders. Leaders were not qualitatively different from followers; many followers were just as tall, smart, outgoing, and ambitious as the people who were leading them.

Some characteristics, such as intelligence, initiative, stress tolerance, responsibility, and dominance, were modestly related to leadership success. Leaders were not qualitatively different from followers; many followers were just as tall, smart, outgoing, and ambitious as the people who were leading them.

_____ is used to explain the interesting relationships between leader intelligence and experience levels, and group performance in stressful versus nonstressful conditions.

The cognitive resources theory

Identify true statements about the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). The four preference dimensions overlook critical aspects of personality, such as neuroticism. There are six basic preference dimensions in which people can differ. Types can and do alter over time. It can be used to accurately select leaders and followers.

The four preference dimensions overlook critical aspects of personality, such as neuroticism. Types can and do alter over time.

Which of the following is not likely of a leader scoring high on the personality trait of conscientiousness?

The person would make impulsive decisions.

A leader who is low on the conscientiousness dimension is likely to

be less concerned with following through with commitments.

True or false: Competency models are typically the same across organizations, especially those within a particular industry.

false

According to the University of Michigan studies, ____________ __________behaviors are concerned with motivating subordinates to accomplish the task at hand.

goal emphasis

According to the Leadership Grid, the most effective leaders have a _____ concern for people and a ____ concern for production.

high, high

How much a leader emphasizes meeting work goals and accomplishing tasks is referred to as

initiating structure

How much a leader emphasizes meeting work goals and accomplishing tasks is referred to as ___________ ________________

initiating structure

Leadership competencies and behaviors having to do with adapting to stress, goal orientation, and adhering to rules refer to

intrapersonal skills.

People who score ___________ on the extraversion dimension of the Five Factor Model tend to prefer to work by themselves and have little interest in influencing or competing with others.

low

An individual who scores ______ on the agreeableness dimension of the Five Factor Model would be better suited for a job as a judge or quality assurance representative than an individual who scores ____ on the same dimension.

low, high

The dimension of the OCEAN model of personality associated with curiosity, innovative thinking, and assimilating new information is _____.

openness to experience

A leader who enjoys the challenge of living and leading in foreign countries probably scores high on the ______ dimension of the Five Factor Model.

openness to new experiences

One meaning of personality refers to the impression a person makes on others. This view of personality emphasizes a person's _____.

public reputation

Reviewing data and facts and identifying the underlying root causes from the information gathered refers to ______________ - loop learning.

single

In comparison to knowledge or experience, ________ is/are more easy to change.

skills/competencies

A situation that is governed by clearly specified rules, demands, or organizational policies in which traits have minimal impact on behavior is called a _______________ situation.

strong

Recurring regularities or trends in a person's behavior refers to the person's _____.

traits

One of the most comprehensive and compelling theories of intelligence developed and tested over the past 30 years is Sternberg's Blank______ theory of intelligence.

triarchic

True or false: Leadership behaviors are a function of intelligence, personality traits, emotional intelligence, values, attitudes, interests, knowledge, and experience.

true

Which of the following statements on 360 degree feedback in organizations is not true?

360 degree feedback systems are designed to make comparisons between people.

________ intelligence is important when leaders face new or novel situations.

Analytic

Being able to manage the board of directors is a competency requirement for which organizational level?

CEO

Leaders who believe that thoughtful attention to the needs of the people for satisfying relationships leads to a comfortable, friendly organization atmosphere and work tempo have which type of leadership style?

Country Club Management

The ability to produce work that is both novel and useful uses which type of intelligence?

Creative

The inventor of Velcro had a high level of which type of intelligence?

Creative

Which of the following does not describe a leader who is high on the conscientiousness dimension of the OCEAN model of personality?

Creative

True or false: The MBTI shows that types tend to be stable over time.

False

Which of the following is true regarding the measurement and development of emotional intelligence?

Emotional intelligence can be developed.

Which of the following building blocks of leader behavior is/are easiest to change?

Experience

An individual scoring high on which of the following would be described as outgoing, competitive, and outspoken?

Extraversion.

True or false: A manager's self-appraisal is the most accurate source of information regarding leadership strengths and weaknesses.

False

Which of the following helps a group or community decide what needs to be done, why it is important that it be done, and how it is to be done?

Framing

Which of the following is not a source of information in a 360 degree feedback review?

Indirect reports

Focusing on getting results through personal proficiency is appropriate at which level of the Leadership Pipeline?

Individual contributor

In the context of 360-degree feedback processes found in organizations, identify the true statements about the verbal 360-degree technique in comparison with the leadership versatility approach. (Check all that apply.)

It provides very detailed and context-specific information on what leaders need to keep doing, do more of, and change in order to be more effective. It tends to be used more with senior leaders because of the time and expense involved.

Which of the following is not one of the four abilities comprising the ability model?

Managing stress

As the pace of change in the business world continues to increase we should expect which of the following?

Personality traits to play an increasingly important role in leader behavior

An individual who is high on the agreeableness dimension of the Five Factor model could be described as all of the following except

Pessimistic

People with street smarts have a high level of which type of intelligence?

Practical

Which type of intelligence is important when leading in familiar situations?

Practical

Which method of research was central to the early research on leader behavior at Ohio State University?

Questionnaires.

The _____ is a personality-like tool that helps leaders identify their top five strengths (that is, traits).

Strengths-Finder 2.0 assessment

Identify the limitations about the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). (Check all that apply.) The MBTI dimensions and types are unrelated to career success or leadership effectiveness. The test is based on complex calculations using more than 20 dimensions. The MBTI dimensions are not bipolar. The test suffers from the Forer effect.

The MBTI dimensions and types are unrelated to career success or leadership effectiveness. The test suffers from the Forer effect.

Match the types of 360-degree feedback processes found in organizations (in the left column) with the steps involved in these processes (in the right column).

The leadership versatility approach = Superiors, peers, and direct reports provide ratings on the extent to which target individuals demonstrate too much, just the right amount, or too little strategic, operations, enabling, or forcing leadership behavior for a particular position. The verbal 360-degree technique= 10-15 superiors, peers, and direct reports are asked to share a target individual's strengths and areas of improvement as a leader in phone or face-to-face interviews.

Which theory focuses on what a leader does when solving complex mental problems?

The triarchic theory of intelligence

Identify the true statements about personality typologies.

They tend to put people into discrete psychological categories. Each personality type is conceptualized as a continuum along which people can vary.

Identify the tenets on which the strengths-based leadership approach is predicated.

To discover jobs or tasks that support each person's strengths To gain clarity about what a person is good at

True or false: According to CRT, experience hinders performance in situations where stress is low.

True

True or false: Differing definitions of emotional intelligence have contributed to the conflicting research results.

True

True or false: Personality-job performance relationships are stronger when the personality traits being measured have some degree of job relatedness.

True

General problem-solving ability refers to ____________intelligence.

analytic

Executives at the top levels of organizations typically have high levels of __________________ intelligence.

analytical

Research at the University of Michigan assumes that job-centered and employee-centered behaviors are

at opposite ends of a single continuum of leadership behavior.

According to the text, organizing a campaign to stop the construction of a Walmart store is an example of

community leadership

The text defines the process of building a team of volunteers to accomplish some important community outcome as

community leadership

According to the Ohio State studies, _______________ refers to how friendly and supportive a leader is to subordinates.

consideration

In contrast to researchers at the University of Michigan, researchers at Ohio State believed that _____.

consideration and initiating structure were independent continua

Research on 360-degree feedback in organizations shows that emotions are contagious, which means that someone hanging out with a friend who is despondent, mad, or elated is much more likely to exhibit the same emotions. This is known as the

contagion effect

Competency models

describe the behaviors and skills managers need to exhibit if an organization is to be successful.

Whereas each personality factor in the OCEAN model is conceptualized as a continuum along which people can vary, types are usually thought of as relatively _____ categories.

discrete

The tendency for many leaders to react to failure by blaming external factors reflects poor _______________- loop learning.

double

All of the following will stifle creativity in followers except

encouraging collaboration and coordination

Robert Hogan, who is recognized around for the world for his research on leadership over the last 30 years, probably scores ____________ on the openness to experience dimension of the OCEAN model of personality.

high

Research on 360 degree feedback shows that the least effective leaders had _____ self ratings and ____ ratings of others.

high, low

In which country is 360 degree feedback unlikely to be effective?

japan

Early research on leader behavior at Ohio State University was completed using a questionnaire called the __________- ____________Description Questionnaire.

leader behavior

A company interested in building teams and getting results through others should look for a leader with good ______ skills.

leadership

Concern for people and concern for production are the two dimensions of the _____________ ______________

leadership grid

The leadership behavior model that provides a type of road map for people wanting to occupy that top leadership positions in an organization is called the

leadership pipeline

An assessment that includes feedback from a boss, from direct reports, from peers, and from oneself is called 360 degree or feedback. (Enter one word in the blank.)

multirater

A way to assess public reputation is by taking _____.

personality tests

A leader with _________ intelligence has better coping and problem solving skills to succeed in stressful, rapidly changing situations.

practical

Knowing how things get done and how to do them requires ___________ intelligence.

practical

Rick Aberman defined emotional intelligence as _____.

the degree to which thoughts, feelings, and actions were aligned

In the context of assessing leadership behaviors, arrange the steps involved in competency-based 360-degree questionnaires, the 360-degree feedback process found in organizations, in the correct order of occurrence. (Place the first step at the top.)

1. identify the behaviors leaders need to exhibit to be effective at a particular organizational level 2. Build questionnaires that reflect the behaviors leaders need to exhibit to be effective at a particular organizational level 3. administer the questionnaires created to target individuals, superiors, peers, and direct reports 4. generate feedback reports that reflect the consolidated rating results

Which type of job would require a higher score on the openness to new experiences dimension of the OCEANS model of personality?

A musician

Which of the following is Reuven Bar-On's definition of emotional intelligence?

A set of 15 abilities necessary to cope with daily situations and get along in the world

Which of the following is not one of the three basic types of intelligence identified by the triarchic theory?

Cognitive intelligence

'I enjoy putting together detailed plans' is a behavior associated with which of the factors in the OCEAN model of personality?

Conscientiousness

True or false: Studies show that personality is more predictive of leadership emergence and effectiveness than analytic intelligence.

True

Identify true statements about the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).

Types can and do alter over time. The four preference dimensions overlook critical aspects of personality, such as neuroticism.

Which is not a good way to find out about an individual's public reputation?

Using the MBTI test

The dimension of the OCEAN model of personality that is concerned with how people react to stress, change, failure, or personal criticism is _____________________

neuroticism

Which of the following issues related to gender and 360 degree feedback is not true?

Women are higher self-raters than men.

In the context of the contagion effect, research on 360-degree feedback in organizations shows that _____.

individuals who work for superiors receiving above-average ratings from others are likely to receive above-average ratings themselves

Communicating and building relationships with others refer to ______ skills.

interpersonal

Another term for 360 degree feedback is _____________ feedback

multirater