Week 7 Quiz

Ulcerative colitis is commonly associated with a. bloody diarrhea. b. malabsorption of nutrients. c. fistula formation between loops of bowel. d. inflammation and scarring of the submucosal layer of the bowel.

a

Untreated acute cholecystitis may lead to ________ of the gallbladder wall. a. gangrene b. infection c. distention d. inflammation

a

Uterine prolapse is caused by a relaxation of the a. cardinal ligaments. b. abdominal organs. c. cervix. d. vaginal musculature.

a

A disorder of the esophageal smooth muscle function where dysphagia is a symptom is (Select all that apply.) a. esophageal stricture. b. achalasia. c. esophageal tumors. d. Mallory-Weiss syndrome. e. hiatal hernia.

a,b,c

Chronic cholecystitis can lead to (Select all that apply.) a. biliary sepsis. b. calcified gallbladder. c. porcelain gallbladder. d. cirrhosis. e. diabetes mellitus.

a,b,c

A patient presenting with a urethral stricture may experience (Select all that apply.) a. decreased urinary stream. b. urethral discharge. c. infection. d. urine retention. e. inability to retract the glans of the penis.

a,b,c,d

Crohn disease is associated with what complications? (Select all that apply.) a. Perianal fissures b. Fistulae c. Green stool d. Abscesses e. Rectal pain

a,b,d

Patients who may be at risk for development of cholesterol gallstones include (Select all that apply.) a. high spinal cord injuries. b. patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. c. patients receiving chemotherapy. d. patients with rapid weight loss. e. pregnant women.

a,b,d,e

Which pharmacologic treatments may be seen in a patient with breast cancer? (Select all that apply.) a. Estrogen receptor modulators b. Estrogen antagonists c. Anti-inflammatory agents d. Estrogen/progesterone combination therapies e. Antineoplastic agents

a,b,e

What is a pathophysiologic mechanism involved in the development of diarrhea? (Select all that apply.) a. Osmotic diarrhea b. Excessive flatus c. Secretory diarrhea d. Exudative diarrhea e. Motility disturbances

a,c,d,e

Which digestive enzyme is secreted from the intestinal mucosa during a meal? (Select all that apply.) a. Amylase b. Cholecystokinin c. Trypsinogen d. Lecithin e. Lipase f. Secretin

b,f

A biliary cause of acute pancreatitis is suggested by an elevation in which serum laboratory results? a. Lipase b. Amylase c. Glucose d. Alkaline phosphatase

d

A breast lump that is painless, hard, and unmoving is most likely a. fibrocystic breast disease. b. fibroadenoma. c. papilloma. d. carcinoma.

d

A change occurring in a pregnant woman that is indicative of a potential disorder is a. increased metabolic rate. b. 30% to 40% increase in cardiac output. c. increased oxygen consumption. d. increased urinary protein.

d

A potential risk factor for breast cancer includes a. a history of fibrocystic breast disease. b. more than three pregnancies prior to age 35. c. malnourishment. d. early menarche and late first pregnancy.

d

A progressive decrease in the force of the urinary stream, dribbling of urine, and difficulty initiating the urinary stream are characteristic of a. prostatitis. b. urinary calculi. c. bladder carcinoma. d. prostatic enlargement.

d

A silent abdomen 3 hours after bowel surgery most likely indicates a. peritonitis. b. mechanical bowel obstruction. c. perforated bowel. d. functional bowel obstruction.

d

Constipation in an elderly patient can be best treated by a. maintaining a low-fiber diet. b. maintaining the current level of activity. c. fecal disimpaction. d. increasing fiber in the diet.

d

Dumping syndrome is commonly seen after __________ procedures. a. appendectomy b. intestinal biopsy c. colonoscopy d. gastric bypass

d

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is caused by a. endometrial inflammation. b. reproductive tract malignancies. c. endometrial fibroid tumors. d. absent or diminished levels of progesterone.

d

It is true that biliary cancer a. is most often cured by surgery. b. respond well to chemotherapy. c. are identifiable and treatable when diagnosed early. d. tend to be asymptomatic and progress insidiously.

d

Proton pump inhibitors may be used in the management of peptic ulcer disease to a. increase gastric motility. b. inhibit secretion of pepsinogen. c. neutralize gastric acid. d. decrease hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion.

d

Rupture of esophageal varices is a complication of cirrhosis with portal hypertension and carries a high ________ rate. a. cure b. morbidity c. insurance d. mortality

d

The definitive treatment for cholecystitis is a. lithotripsy of stones. b. chemical dissolution of stones. c. antibiotics and anti-inflammatories. d. cholecystectomy.

d

The expected treatment of a pregnant woman with hyperemesis gravidarum is a. immediate cesarean section. b. seizure prophylaxis. c. surgical removal of uterine contents. d. intravenous therapy.

d

The most challenging aspect of treatment for chronic pancreatitis is a. pancreatectomy. b. strict dietary avoidance of fats. c. abstinence from alcohol. d. pain control.

d

The most common types of uterine tumors are known as a. ovarian cysts. b. endometriomas. c. hydatidiform moles. d. leiomyomas.

d

What finding should prompt further diagnostic testing in a child presenting with diarrhea? a. Periumbilical discomfort b. Greenish, watery diarrhea c. Frequent, large-volume diarrhea d. Blood and mucus in the stools

d

What finding would rule out a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome in a patient with chronic diarrhea? a. Negative stool leukocytes b. Intermittent constipation c. Abdominal pain and distention d. Bloody stools

d

A 32-year-old female complaining of severe pain with menstruation and inability to participate in her routine household activities is likely experiencing a. dysmenorrhea. b. menorrhagia. c. amenorrhea. d. metrorrhagia.

a

A 52-year-old female had a surgical procedure in which the breast, lymphatics, and underlying muscle were removed. The procedure performed was a a. radical mastectomy. b. modified radical mastectomy. c. mastectomy. d. lumpectomy.

a

A patient diagnosed with a micropenis must be evaluated for a. endocrine disorders. b. vascular abnormalities. c. female sex assignment. d. epispadias.

a

A patient with chronic gastritis would likely be tested for a. Helicobacter pylori. b. occult blood. c. lymphocytes. d. herpes simplex.

a

Absence of menstruation is called a. amenorrhea. b. metrorrhagia. c. menorrhagia. d. dysmenorrhea.

a

Acute right lower quadrant pain associated with rebound tenderness and systemic signs of inflammation are indicative of a. appendicitis. b. peritonitis. c. cholecystitis. d. gastritis.

a

Celiac sprue is a malabsorptive disorder associated with a. inflammatory reaction to gluten-containing foods. b. megacolon at regions of autonomic denervation. c. ulceration of the distal colon and rectum. d. deficient production of pancreatic enzymes.

a

Cervical cancer can be detected in the early, curable stage by the ________ test. a. Papanicolaou b. human papillomavirus c. gonorrhoeae d. vaginal pH

a

Chronic pancreatitis may lead to a. diabetes mellitus. b. Crohn disease. c. gallstones. d. celiac sprue.

a

Cryptorchidism is a. associated with an increased incidence of testicular cancer. b. an extremely uncommon disorder. c. rarely treated. d. a consequence of gonorrhea.

a

Normal bile is composed of a. water, electrolytes, and organic solutes. b. proteins. c. bile acids. d. phospholipids.

a

Premature infants are at greater risk for developing a. necrotizing enterocolitis. b. pseudomembranous colitis. c. appendicitis. d. diverticular disease.

a

A patient receiving chemotherapy may be at greater risk for development of a. gastroesophageal reflux. b. stomatitis. c. esophageal varices. d. Mallory-Weiss syndrome.

b

A patient who should be routinely evaluated for peptic ulcer disease is one who is a. taking six to eight tablets of acetaminophen per day. b. being treated with high-dose oral glucocorticoids. c. experiencing chronic diarrhea. d. routinely drinking alcoholic beverages.

b

Barrett esophagus is a a. gastrin-secreting lesion. b. preneoplastic lesion. c. benign condition. d. gastrin-secreting tumor.

b

Endometriosis is a condition in which a. the endometrium sloughs continuously. b. ectopic endometrial tissue is present. c. an abnormal Pap smear is diagnostic. d. the endometrium proliferates and does not shed.

b

Excessive vomiting in pregnant women is known as a. placenta previa. b. hyperemesis gravidarum. c. abruptio placentae. d. spontaneous abortion.

b

Fecal leukocyte screening would be indicated in a patient with suspected a. lactose intolerance. b. enterocolitis. c. laxative abuse. d. giardiasis.

b

Infection by ________ accounts for nearly half of all reported cases of vulvovaginitis. a. Chlamydia trachomatis b. Candida albicans c. Neisseria gonorrhoeae d. Pseudomonas

b

It is true that fibrocystic breast disease a. commonly progresses to breast cancer. b. may be exacerbated by methylxanthines. c. is characterized by painless breast lumps. d. is a contraindication for progesterone birth control pills.

b

It is true that gallstones are a. a minimal risk for Native Americans. b. more common in women. c. more common in men. d. at highest risk among Asians.

b

Most gallstones are composed of a. bile. b. cholesterol. c. calcium. d. uric acid salts.

b

Patients with acute pancreatitis are generally made NPO and may require continuous gastric suctioning in order to a. prevent abdominal distention. b. remove the usual stimuli for pancreatic secretion. c. prevent hyperglycemia associated with loss of insulin secretion. d. prevent mechanical obstruction of the intestine.

b

Phimosis is a disorder of the penis characterized by a. sustained, painful erection. b. inability to retract the foreskin. c. inability to achieve erection. d. malpositioning of the urinary meatus.

b

The finding of hypotension, rigid abdomen, and absent bowel sounds in a patient with pancreatitis a. is an expected finding and requires no specific intervention. b. indicates peritonitis with substantial risk for sepsis and shock. c. requires immediate surgical intervention. d. is an unusual finding in pancreatitis and indicates misdiagnosis.

b

The pain associated with chronic pancreatitis is generally described as ________ in nature. a. sharp and constant b. steady and boring c. intermittent and burning d. intermittent and stabbing

b

The pathology report for a patient with penile cancer has this statement: The tumor involves the shaft of the penis. The cancer is at what stage? a. Stage I b. Stage II c. Stage III d. Stage IV

b

Which symptom suggests the presence of a hiatal hernia? a. Nausea b. Heartburn c. Diarrhea d. Abdominal cramps

b

Which symptom would be manifested in a woman diagnosed with pregnancy-induced hypertension? (Select all that apply.) a. Excessive vomiting b. Proteinuria c. Peripheral edema d. Increased arterial pressure e. Hemorrhage

b,c,d

A patient with pancreatitis may experience muscle cramps secondary to a. alkalosis. b. hyperglycemia. c. hypocalcemia. d. hypermagnesemia.

c

An early indicator of colon cancer is a. rectal pain. b. bloody diarrhea. c. a change in bowel habits. d. jaundice.

c

An urgent surgical consult is indicated for the patient with acute abdominal pain and a. vomiting. b. CVA tenderness. c. absent bowel sounds. d. borborygmi.

c

Elevated serum lipase and amylase levels are indicative of a. gallbladder disease. b. appendicitis. c. pancreatitis. d. peritonitis.

c

Epigastric pain that is relieved by food is suggestive of a. pancreatitis. b. cardiac angina. c. gastric ulcer. d. dysphagia.

c

Esophageal varices represent a complication of ________ hypertension. a. primary b. pregnancy-induced c. portal d. secondary

c

More than half of the initial cases of pancreatitis are associated with a. trauma. b. stones. c. alcoholism. d. high cholesterol.

c

Narcotic administration should be administered carefully in patients with acute pancreatitis related to potential for a. respiratory depression. b. narcotic dependency. c. sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. d. allergic reaction.

c

Sexual impotence is rarely because of a. drug side effects. b. psychological factors. c. primary causes. d. vascular diseases.

c

Sudden, severe testicular pain is indicative of a. prostatitis. b. testicular cancer. c. testicular torsion. d. epididymitis.

c

The HPV vaccine is recommended for 11- to 12-year-old girls, but can be administered to girls as young as _____ years of age. a. 7 b. 8 c. 9 d. 10

c

The condition in which the urethra opens on the dorsal aspect of the penis is known as a. hypospadias. b. urethral fistula. c. epispadias. d. priapism.

c

The most common cause of mechanical bowel obstruction is a. volvulus. b. intussusception. c. adhesions. d. fecal impaction.

c

Treatment of a uterine prolapse may involve the insertion of a(n) ________ to hold the uterus in place. a. catheter. b. IUD. c. pessary. d. endopelvic mesh implant.

c

What clinical finding would suggest an esophageal cause of a client's report of dysphagia? a. Nasal regurgitation b. Airway obstruction with swallowing c. Chest pain during meals d. Coughing when swallowing

c

What reproductive tract disorder is most likely to be associated with urinary stress incontinence? a. Rectocele b. Menopause c. Cystocele d. Cervicitis

c

The majority of penile cancer cases are classified as basal cell carcinoma.

f

Erection requires the release of nitrous oxide into the corpus cavernosum during sexual stimulation.

t

The most common cause of urinary obstruction in male newborns and infants is urethral valves.

t

The prognosis of penile carcinoma depends upon the stage of the disease.

t