Week 9: Chapter 27 - 32
Which of the following statements regarding meningitis is TRUE? a) Bacterial meningitis is more serious and can be fatal. b) Viral meningitis occurs more often during the winter months. c) The incidence of childhood meningitis has increased recently. d) Viral meningitis is spread through contact with nasal and oral secretions.
A
911 was dialed by a frantic mother for her three-year-old daughter who stuck a small, dried bean into her ear. Assessment shows the bean to be lodged firmly in the ear canal. When treating this patient, the AEMT would: a) reassure the mother and transport the patient. b) make one attempt to remove the bean with tweezers. c) have the patient follow up with her family physician. d) gently flush the ear canal with sterile water until the bean is dislodged.
A
A sexually transmitted infection associated with cervical cancer in women is: a) human papillomavirus. b) syphilis c) chlamydia. d) trichomoniasis.
A
A young girl is complaining of eye pain after having sand thrown in her face by another girl at the park. When assessing her eyes, you note large particles of sand in the right eye. The sand appears to be on the conjunctiva, which also appears to be scratched and irritated. Your initial action would be to: a) flush the eye with clean water from a nearby sink. b) gently wipe the inner eye with sterile pieces of gauze. c) stop the tearing by applying gentle pressure to the eye. d) attempt to remove the larger pieces of sand using a cotton swab.
A
An organic brain disease that is characterized by a significant change in behavior and loss of contact with reality is: a) schizophrenia. b) bipolar disorder. c) depression. d) anxiety.
A
Diphenhydramine is administered in anaphylaxis because it: a) blocks histamine receptors. b) causes vasoconstriction. c) treats bronchospasm. d) relaxes smooth vessels.
A
Entry of a substance through a break in the skin is known as: a) injection. b) inhalation. c) ingestion. d) surface absorption.
A
Following a large wedding, health authorities announce that some of the food was contaminated with salmonella. Consequently, your EMS service receives notice that there may be a significant number of calls involving food poisoning. A new AEMT asks you how to treat those with food poisoning. You would reply: a) "You should treat the patient based on his signs and symptoms, just like any other ingested poison." b) "After assessing the patient, the administration of activated charcoal can be effective if there are no obvious contraindications." c) "The primary role of EMS in this situation is merely to transport to the hospital." d) "If the patient has a fever, we can administer a medication to make him vomit to get the food out of his system."
A
If the patient has a decreased level of responsiveness but appears to be breathing, what should you be most concerned about? a) Protecting the patient's airway b) Protecting the patient's privacy c) The patient's mental status d) The patient's past history
A
In general, the use of ________ restraints is discouraged. a) hard b) chemical c) soft d) leather
A
In the treatment of behavioral emergencies, ________ is/are important for the AEMT. a) interpersonal skills b) three point restraints c) pulse oximetry monitoring d) vital signs
A
In your attempt to evaluate an agitated 39-year-old woman, you observe signs that might indicate impending violence. These signs include which of the following? a) Pacing b) Profuse sweating c) Edema d) Melancholy
A
Medical direction has ordered the administration of activated charcoal to a three-year-old boy. What dose would be MOST appropriate? a) 1 gram/kilogram b) 0.5 mg/kilogram c) 50 grams d) 100 mg
A
Prior to restraining a patient, all of the following apply EXCEPT: a) using restraint as a punishment. b) ensure the safety of your crew. c) use the least amount of restraint necessary. d) at least five people should be present.
A
The current treatment for fibromyalgia is: a) antidepressants. b) allopurinol. c) sulfonamide antibiotics. d) anti-inflammatory drugs.
A
The neurotransmitter ________ is responsible for contraction of the muscle. a) acetylcholinesterase b) myoglobin c) acetylcholine d) phosphokinase
A
The onset of anaphylaxis usually begins: a) within 60 seconds. b) within 5 minutes. c) after 10 minutes. d) within an hour.
A
Upon examination of the patient, you discover that she is currently taking benzodiazepines. Which of the following conditions typically is addressed by these medications? a) Anxiety b) Depression c) Suicidal tendencies d) Schizophrenia
A
What cells release histamine when they recognize antigen-antibody complexes? a) Mast cells b) Helper T cells c) Antigens d) Lymphocytes
A
What is the MOST common route of entry for toxic substances? a) Ingestion b) Inhalation c) Injection d) Absorption
A
What method of entry of a toxin results in rapid absorption of the agent through the alveolar-capillary membrane? a) Inhalation b) Injection c) Absorption d) Ingestion
A
When managing a patient that has been exposed to a poisonous substance, the FIRST priority of the AEMT is to: a) perform a primary assessment. b) induce vomiting. c) administer activated charcoal. d) identify the poison.
A
Which of the following can cause particular difficulties when applying spinal motion restriction to an elderly patient? a) Kyphosis b) Cellulitis c) Sciatica d) Fibromyalgia
A
Which of the following illnesses are spread through the gastrointestinal tract? a) Hepatitis A and E b) Hepatitis B and D c) Hepatitis C and D d) Hepatitis A and C
A
Which of the following is CORRECT regarding corticosteroids? a) They impair the body's ability to respond to disease. b) They increase the number of red blood cells produced. c) They suppress cancer cell reproduction. d) They lower the body's risk for infection.
A
Which of the following is NOT associated with the retina? a) Lens b) Photopigments c) Rods d) Cones
A
Which of the following is usually associated with an anaphylactoid reaction? a) Radiological dyes b) Shellfish c) Tree nuts d) Latex exposure
A
Which of the following is your FIRST priority when responding to the scene of a patient complaining of anaphylaxis? a) Scene safety b) Respiratory support c) Airway maintenance d) Fluid resuscitation
A
Which of the following techniques is preferred when restraining the combative patient who is a threat to himself and the emergency responders? a) Supine with four point restraint b) Prone with four-point restraint c) Supine, with two-point restraint d) Prone, with two-point restraint
A
Which of the following would be considered a significant exposure? a) A needle stick while starting an IV on a patient with hepatitis B b) Wearing gloves while caring for a patient with a skin rash c) Standing in the same room with a patient with tuberculosis d) Touching a cloth with blood from an elderly cardiac patient
A
Which of the following would be considered an opportunistic infection? a) A cancer patient contracts pneumonia after completing radiation treatments. b) A young child comes down with chicken pox after exposure at school. c) A patient gets a skin infection while healing from a full thickness burn. d) An unimmunized carpenter contracts tetanus after stepping on a rusty nail.
A
Which of the following would lead to an increase in bone strength? a) Weight bearing exercise b) Being bedbound c) Immobilization in a cast d) Astronauts in weightless conditions
A
Which one of the following patients is the AEMT justified in restraining? a) Patient threatening to kill his wife and trying to leave the scene b) Patient stating that he wants to kill himself and desires transport to the hospital c) Patient with depression refusing transport d) Patient with violent outbursts but at the present time is calm
A
Which sign associated with an allergic reaction should concern a caregiver the MOST? a) Wheezing b) Warm, flushed skin c) GI distress d) Urticaria
A
You are transporting a 54-year-old man who was working in his yard spraying a pesticide called Parathion. Although he was using a particulate respirator, he suddenly started experiencing dizziness, severe abdominal cramps, and vomiting. What is MOST likely route of toxic exposure? a) Absorption b) Injection c) Inhalation d) Ingestion
A
You have been called to a residence for a 31-year-old patient complaining of confusion, nausea, vomiting, and a headache. He states that this started this morning and has been getting worse all day. Despite lying in bed and resting all day, he is more fatigued than before. Which of the following statements made by the patient would the AEMT recognize as MOST important in relation to the patient's present complaint? a) "I just turned the furnace on last night." b) "I have not been sleeping well the past few nights." c) "I tried some raw seafood last week." d) "My wife is taking penicillin, to which I am allergic."
A
Your 17-year-old patient is presenting with fatigue, fever, chills, headache, muscle and joint pain. Further history reveals a recent camping trip to the mountains. You note a rash on his back that he had missed. You should suspect: a) Lyme disease. b) tularemia c) Rocky Mountain spotted fever. d) rabies.
A
Your patient is a 64-year-old man with a recurrent case of herpes. He has called 911 because he has raised, red lesions scattered around his stomach and back. His medical history includes taking medications for gout. Which of the following should you suspect? a) Erythema multiforme b) Stevens-Johnson syndrome c) Toxic epidermal necrolysis d) Cellulitis
A
Your patient is having a reaction after taking a new ACE inhibitor for hypertension. Which of the following would you MOST likely see? a) Angioedema b) Hypertension c) Diaphoresis d) Hyperthermia
A
A chronic disease of the inner ear marked by a recurring syndrome of vertigo, tinnitus, and progressive hearing loss is called: a) cholesteatoma. b) Meniere's disease. c) otosclerosis. d) mastoiditis.
B
A foreign substance that elicits the response of the immune system is called: a) histamine. b) antigen. c) antibody. d) stimulant.
B
A patient complaining of eye pain informs you that he was diagnosed with a corneal abrasion three days ago. He called 911 today because the discomfort has not yet gone away and he desires medical attention. Based on this information, which of the following is TRUE? a) Fluid is leaking from the posterior chamber. b) The clear structure that covers the pupil has been damaged. c) The sclera must be infected. d) The lens of the eye has been abraded.
B
A person who has been exposed to a disease and is capable of transmitting the disease is a: a) host. b) carrier. c) fomite. d) vector.
B
All of the following are signs or symptoms of histamine release EXCEPT: a) constriction of bronchioles. b) decreased vascular permeability. c) edema in the airway. d) peripheral vasodilation.
B
Compared to dementia, delirium often has a ________ onset. a) chronic b) acute c) fatal d) delayed
B
If a patient is apparently unresponsive and not breathing, immediately check for a pulse. If you do not detect a pulse, within how many seconds should you begin chest compressions and apply an AED? a) 5 b) 10 c) 15 d) 30
B
Inflammation of the skin, including the dermis and subcutaneous layers, usually caused by bacterial infection would be identified as: a) an abscess. b) cellulitis. c) necrotizing fasciitis. d) rhabdomyolysis.
B
Of the following situations, which would LEAST likely to result in infection? a) A highly virulent form of anthrax is inhaled during decontamination. b) Scrubbing your hands after transferring a patient with a rash c) Blood splatter into the eyes from a patient with hepatitis C d) A needle stick from a needle containing contaminated blood
B
Of the layers of the skin, which has NO direct blood supply? a) Dermis b) Epidermis c) Subcutaneous d) Adipose
B
Other than intentional injections of illicit drugs, MOST injected poisonings result from: a) accidental needle sticks. b) bites and stings of insects and animals. c) rusty nails. d) infected wounds.
B
Patients with an allergic reaction that produces mild to moderate wheezing without airway swelling or hypotension may be best served by receiving: a) oxygen. b) an albuterol treatment. c) IV fluids. d) a blood transfusion.
B
Swimmer's ear is also known as: a) otitis media. b) otitis externa. c) otitis interna. d) None of these.
B
The MOST important assessment technique in evaluating behavioral emergencies is: a) auscultating lung sounds. b) conversational skills. c) defensive tactics. d) obtaining vital signs.
B
The ________ contain sensors necessary for equilibrium. a) vestibule b) semicircular canals c) incus d) cochlea
B
The ________ of the eye works similarly to the shutter of a camera. a) lens b) iris c) eyelid d) cornea
B
The form of arthritis that causes the bones that form the joints to become fused is: a) osteoarthritis b) ankylosing spondylosis. c) osteopenia. d) septic arthritis.
B
What drug, described as a modified form of methamphetamine, is often seen in nightclubs? a) Barbiturates b) Ecstasy c) Alcohol d) Marijuana
B
What is the preferred route and dose of epinephrine for adult suffering from an anaphylactic reaction? a) 0.3-0.5 mg SQ b) 0.3-0.5 mg IM c) 3-5 mg SQ d) 3.0-5.0 mg IV
B
What type of treatment is important to provide patients with sepsis who may be hypothermic? a) Provide intravenous fluids b) Cover the patient with blankets c) Administer oxygen d) Offer a bronchodilator
B
When reassessing a patient after administering epinephrine, be aware that when given intramuscularly the duration of this medication is about: a) 5 -10 minutes. b) 10 - 20 minutes. c) 20 - 30 minutes. d) an hour.
B
Which of the following can produce a toxin that leads to toxic shock syndrome? a) Enterococcus b) Staphylococcus aureus c) Herpes virus d) Cryptosporidium
B
Which of the following could allow direct transmission of a pathogen? a) Touching a door knob after someone with a cold b) A couple sharing a passionate kiss c) Being bitten by an animal with rabies d) Contracting encephalitis after a mosquito bite
B
Which of the following is CORRECT regarding autoimmune disease? a) Type 1 diabetes is a well-known autoimmune disease. b) The immune system fails to recognize its own cells and destroys them. c) Graves' disease is a common form of collagen vascular disease. d) There is a marked decrease in production of bone marrow cells.
B
Which of the following is a form of arthritis that occurs from uric acid crystals being deposited in a joint? a) Bursitis b) Gout c) Osteopenia d) Rickets
B
Which of the following is a viral disease in the herpes family that causes general malaise and itchy, fluid-filled blisters on the skin that later crust and scab? a) Rubella b) Varicella c) Rubeola d) Mumps
B
Which of the following is the BEST way to prevent or control pathogens inside the body? a) Antibiotic therapy b) Normal flora c) Hand washing d) Anti-fungal therapy
B
Which of the following results in a person's behavior being motivated by the desire to assume the sick role or the caretaker of a sick person and receive the associated attention? a) Anorexia b) Munchausen syndrome c) Bipolar disorder d) Psychosis
B
Which of the following structures in the inner ear is the organ of hearing? a) Semicircular canal b) Cochlea c) Vestibule d) Bony labyrinth
B
Which of the following would you MOST likely see in a patient with an infectious disease? a) Abrasions b) Fever c) Bruising d) Hypertension
B
Sensitization is defined as: a) an exaggerated response to a particular antigen. b) the cascade of events that occurs following activation by a foreign substance. c) the primary exposure of an individual to an antigen. d) the manifestation of severe, systemic effects of a histamine release.
C
Which one of the following patient descriptions would the AEMT classify as a behavioral emergency? a) 44-year-old woman with bipolar disorder complaining of a fever of 102.5°F b) 36-year-old man with no known history who is hearing voices c) 29-year-old man with diabetes who is suddenly confused d) 56-year-old man with a history of schizophrenia who has stopped taking his medications
B
While working to build a house, a construction worker was hit in the head by a 2" × 4" plank that slid from the roof and fell to the ground below. The patient has a sizable laceration to the left side of his face and is spitting blood. He also lost several teeth, two of which he is holding. Your initial action when caring for this patient would be to: a) apply occlusive dressing to the laceration. b) establish manual inline spinal stabilization. c) obtain and preserve the teeth. d) suction the airway.
B
You are by the side of a young female college student who is unresponsive. Friends say that she is not a heavy drinker, but tonight she drank an excessive amount of alcohol. She responds to painful stimuli and has snoring respirations. Her respiratory rate is 8 breaths per minute and her radial pulse is weak. Your immediate action would be to: a) determine if drugs are also involved. b) perform the head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver. c) administer positive pressure ventilation. d) apply oxygen via a nonrebreather mask.
B
You are called for a six-year-old boy who has been very sick for several days. His signs and symptoms include hypersalivation, and hydrophobia. These symptoms are immediately suggestive of: a) tularemia b) rabies. c) hanta virus. d) Lyme disease.
B
You are treating a six-year-old boy who has signs and symptoms of influenza including fever. In treating this patient, which of the following would be contraindicated? a) Tylenol b) Aspirin c) Motrin d) Fluid challenge
B
You have a patient who was possibly bitten by a rabid dog. Which of the following is CORRECT about rabies? a) Infection can lead to Bell's palsy, headaches, and meningitis. b) The virus travels along nerves from the bite to the brain. c) It has been identified as a potential weapon of bioterrorism. d) The virus causes inflammation of brain tissue.
B
You have been called to a high school science lab where a male student was splashed in the eye with an alkaline solution. He is complaining of burning to the eye as well as pain. After performing the primary assessment and finding no life-threatening conditions, you would: a) determine the exact compound the patient was splashed with and the appropriate chemical antidote. b) hold the patient's eye open and begin flushing with large amounts of tap water and continue throughout transport. c) obtain a set of vital signs and determine if the patient is taking medications or has any past medical problems. d) cover both eyes with eye shields and move to the ambulance for immediate transport.
B
Your patient is a 23-year-old man who was complaining of shortness of breath following a bee sting. He is audibly wheezing and his respiratory rate is 22 breaths per minute. His skin is cool and clammy and he is tachycardic. What is the primary drug used to treat this patient? a) Atropine b) Epinephrine c) Diphenhydramine d) Albuterol
B
Your patient is complaining about severe pain from a minor scratch on his arm. His medical history includes type 2 diabetes and hypertension. He is agonizing over the pain in his arm. You should suspect: a) dry gangrene. b) necrotizing fasciitis. c) infectious cellulitis. d) ankylosing spondylosis.
B
The AEMT would recognize which of the following as TRUE regarding poisoning? a) The majority of poisonings is intentional and result in homicide or suicide. b) All toxins are poisonous when in contact with the human body. c) A poison is any substance that impairs a person's health by its chemical action. d)The number one cause of poisoning in the United States is medications.
C
A compulsive and overwhelming dependence on a drug is known as: a) habituation. b) tolerance. c) addiction. d) withdrawal.
C
A female patient struck her face on the steering wheel in a head-on motor vehicle collision and has deformity and crepitus to the bridge of her nose. Further assessment reveals bleeding deep within the nasal passages. The patient has been fully immobilized to a long board. To BEST address the hemorrhage in the nasopharynx, the AEMT would: a) carefully pack the nasal passages with rolls of sterile gauze. b) apply ice packs to the bridge of the nose to control hemorrhage. c) suction blood from the airway as needed. d) transport fully immobilized with her feet elevated.
C
A patient presents with inflated self-esteem, decreased need for sleep, and racing and delusional thoughts. This patient MOST likely suffers from: a) conversion disorder. b) schizophrenia. c) bipolar disorder. d) depression.
C
A patient was mixing pesticides to spray in his garden and suddenly began experiencing excessive salivation, abdominal pain, and dizziness. The LEAST likely route of toxic exposure is: a) ingestion b) inhalation. c) injection. d) absorption.
C
A patient with wet gangrene will have infection that causes swelling of the tissues. What can result as a consequence of the gangrene? a) Decubitus ulcers b) Necrotizing fasciitis c) Decreased capillary perfusion d) Metabolic acidosis
C
A situation in which a person's behavior is so unusual that it alarms another person or requires intervention is a(n): a) psychological crisis. b) emotional dilemma. c) behavioral emergency. d) critical affective period.
C
A young boy riding an ATV did not see a chain stretched between two poles and hit it with his neck while traveling forward. Subsequently, he was thrown backward from the bike with significant force. He was not wearing a helmet. EMRs are with the patient and are holding manual inline spinal immobilization as well as administering oxygen. When you are assessing this patient, which of the following signs would indicate the injury that must be addressed and managed FIRST? a) Laceration to the forehead b) Open fracture to the left arm c) Difficulty speaking d) Partially avulsed ear
C
After exposure, how many weeks does it usually take for primary syphilis to occur? a) One to two weeks b) Two to four weeks c) Three to six weeks d) Four to eight weeks
C
All of the following are correct regarding bacterial meningitis EXCEPT: a) meningococcal bacteria enter the blood causing damage to blood vessels. b) seizures and altered mental status can occur in bacterial meningitis. c) bacterial meningitis is typically less serious than viral meningitis. d) meningococcal bacterium commonly resides in the nasal passages.
C
All of the following are examples of narcotics EXCEPT: a) heroin. b) codeine. c) crack. d) morphine.
C
All of the following are good indicators of affect EXCEPT: a) posture. b) movements. c) religious beliefs. d) behavior
C
All of the following are symptoms of otitis media EXCEPT: a) pain. b) edema. c) sinus infection. d) pus.
C
An elderly woman is suffering from a closed head injury after falling down five steps. She is responsive to painful stimuli and is breathing shallowly. When evaluating her airway, you note that she has both upper and lower dentures. Her upper dentures are secure, but her lower dentures are loose. Prior to providing positive pressure ventilation, you would: a) re-secure the lower dentures. b) leave the dentures as you found them. c) remove the lower dentures. d) remove both the upper and lower dentures.
C
Calculating a dose of epinephrine for a 60 lb. (27.27 kg) child would result in providing the child how much medication? a) 0.1 mg b) 0.2 mg c) 0.3 mg d) 0.5 mg
C
Management of aspirin (salicylate) overdose should include administration of: a) albuterol. b) sodium bicarbonate. c) activated charcoal. d) syrup of ipecac.
C
Medical direction has ordered you to administer activated charcoal to a patient who ingested a large amount of poison. When looking in your medical kit, which of the following medications would you prepare and administer? a) Nitrostat b) Glyburide c) Actidose d) Ecotrin
C
Muscle edema, in which the pressure within the fascial compartment of the muscle increases above capillary perfusion pressure, results in: a) pathological fractures. b) rhabdomyolysis. c) compartment syndrome. d) dry gangrene.
C
People living in which region of the United States are at greatest risk of Bubonic plague? a) Northeast -New York, Massachusetts, Maine b) Southeast - Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi c) Southwest -New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona d) Northwest - Oregon, Washington, Idaho
C
The external ear ends at the: a) auricle. b) external auditory canal. c) tympanic membrane. d) tragus.
C
The grandfather of an alert and oriented two-year-old girl found her on the floor playing with the pills from his open bottle of digoxin (heart medication that slows the rate). He cannot remember how many pills were in the bottle, but he thinks that some are missing and she may have ingested them thinking that they were candy. Assessment reveals her airway to be open and breathing adequate. Her pulse is within normal limits for a child her age and skin warm and dry. Her grandfather is not sure of how long ago she may have taken the pills. Given the assessment findings, which of the following should the AEMT assume? a) The child did not take any Digoxin. b) Not enough Digoxin was taken to harm the child. c) The Digoxin has yet to absorb into the body. d) The child spit the pills out prior to swallowing.
C
The pathophysiology of toxic inhalation involves: a) bronchoconstriction and dispersal of surfactant. b) pulmonary hypertension, alveolar atelectasis, and destruction of cilia. c) absorption of toxins across the respiratory membrane and destruction of alveolar tissue. d) bronchodilation and destruction of cilia.
C
Upon examining the patient, you notice that this 45-year-old man is exhibiting inflammation of the skin and blood vessels. What autoimmune diseases might this individual be experiencing? a) Rheumatoid arthritis b) Psoriasis c) Scleroderma d) Systemic lupus erythematosus
C
Vision impairment as a result of old age and the loss of elasticity in the lens is called: a) diplopia. b) astigmatism. c) presbyopia. d) myopia.
C
What is an unfortunate side effect of the treatment for autoimmune disease? a) Patients often develop peripheral neuropathy. b) The patient has a dramatic increase in red blood cells. c) The patient is less able to fight infectious diseases. d) Patients experience increased gastrointestinal motility.
C
What medication is indicated for reversal of narcotic intoxication? a) Valium b) Thiamine c) Narcan d) Romazicon
C
When treating a poisoning patient, what should be one of your main objectives? a) Administering Narcan b) Determining the reason for the poisoning c) Preventing aspiration d) Administering syrup of ipecac
C
Which medication would be the BEST choice for reducing the bronchospasm and laryngeal edema associated with anaphylaxis? a) Solu-Medrol b) Oxygen c) Albuterol d) Dexamethasone
C
Which of the following is NOT a bone of the middle ear? a) Malleus b) Stapes c) Cochlea d) Incus
C
Which of the following is NOT a route of ingestion that may result in a toxicological emergency? a) Ingestion b) Absorption c) Diffusion d) Inhalation
C
Which of the following is an example of a patient in the fulminant stage of a disease? a) A patient has been exposed but is asymptomatic. b) The patient is between periods of the disease. c) A patient has an acute onset of the disease. d) The patient has succumbed to the disease.
C
Which of the following is typically seen as a nosocomial infection? a) Impetigo b) Boils c) MRSA d) Ringworm
C
Which of the following pathogens would be considered a communicable disease? a) A man contracts tetanus after stepping on a nail. b) A family gets food poisoning after eating tainted mushrooms. c) A health care worker gets contracts influenza during an outbreak. d) A woman breaks out with poison ivy after working in her yard.
C
Which of the following patients has the GREATEST potential for violent behavior? a) A patient who has witnessed the death of a spouse b) A patient with delusions of being someone else c) A patient with a knife who is stabbing a stuffed animal d) A patient talking to himself
C
While running in a parking lot, a young boy tripped and fell. He hit his face and mouth on a curb, knocking one of his top front teeth from its socket. Bleeding has been controlled and the tooth found. What instructions would you give your partner when caring for the tooth? a) "Wrap the tooth in dry gauze and put it in a plastic bag placed in cool water." b) "Scrub the tooth first to get the dirt off of it and then we will put it back in the socket." c) "Rinse the tooth first then put it in a cup of saline for transport." d) "Make sure to only touch it by its root when scrubbing the dirt off it."
C
You are called for a 22-year-old girl who has been very sick for a few days and is complaining of upper right quadrant pain and dark urine. These symptoms immediately suggest which of the following conditions? a) Respiratory infection b) Meningitis c) Hepatitis d) Epiglottitis
C
You are called for a 48-year-old man who is complaining of back and leg pain. Your assessment finds pain and tenderness in his lower back with tingling through his left buttock and down his left leg. He tells you that he has been moving furniture. You should suspect: a) decubitus. b) kyphosis. c) sciatica. d) osteoarthritis.
C
You are caring for a young woman who has been stung by a wasp. There is redness and a hard knot where she was stung. Her vital signs are stable and she denies respiratory distress. Which of the following is MOST appropriate for this patient? a) Administer 0.3 mg of epinephrine SQ. b) Assist her with her EpiPen. c) Continue with your focused history. d) Administer nebulized albuterol.
C
You are on a scene with a patient who up until a few seconds ago was calm and compliant. Now he is brandishing a knife and threatening to kill you and your partner if you do not immediately leave. The man is intoxicated and police have been notified but have not yet arrived. Which one of the following is your BEST course of action? a) Attempt to "talk down" the patient. b) Encourage the man's wife to calm him down. c) Remove yourself, your partner, and family from the house. d) Immediately physically restrain the patient.
C
You are treating a 19-year-old who is exhibiting the following symptoms: anxiety, confusion, hallucinations, hyperthermia, tachycardia, and diaphoresis. Upon further investigation, his mother states that her son has not had a drink in three days. What condition are you most likely dealing with? a) Schizophrenia b) Bipolar disorder c) Delirium tremens d) Panic attack
C
You arrive on the scene of a popular nightclub to find a 22-year-old woman in custody of the police. Witnesses state she had been taking her clothes off on the dance floor, and when club staff asked her to stop she struck one of them. She is now sitting in the back of the police cruiser crying. She admits to "X-ing." Which of the following physical findings would you not expect to find in this patient? a) Tachycardia b) Anxiety c) Hypotension d) Fever
C
You have arrived on the scene of an industrial plant where a female worker had a chemical splashed into her eye. She is complaining of severe pain in the eye and is flushing it with tap water over a sink. Which of the following questions is it MOST important that the AEMT ask FIRST? a) "Do you take any medications?" b) "Have you ever had an eye injury before?" c) "Are you wearing contact lenses?" d) "What is your past medical history?"
C
You have been called to an assisted living facility for a 43-year-old man who has a history of anxiety and schizophrenia and who, according to staff, is more confused today. The staff also states that he has refused to take his medications for the past three days. Your assessment reveals him to have no life threats to the ABCs, but is slurring his speech and not making sense when he talks. As you review paperwork provided to you by staff, you note that he has a history of thyroid problems, diabetes, and hypertension. His pulse is 124, respirations 16, and blood pressure 154/70 mmHg. At this point, which one of the following actions is MOST important? a) Determine reason for refusing medications. b) Recheck the blood pressure. c) Check his blood glucose level. d) Restrain and transport the patient.
C
You respond for a patient showing signs of anaphylaxis. During your history, you discover that she has just starting taking Vasotec for hypertension. Which of the following should you suspect? a) An immediate hypersensitivity response b) Angioneurotic edema c) An anaphylactoid reaction d) An IgE mediated allergic reaction
C
Your young patient appears ill with a high fever, difficulty swallowing and breathing, and drooling. You see that he is sitting upright and leaning forwarding. What should you suspect? a) Croup b) Pneumonia c) Epiglottitis d) Scarlet fever
C
A 15-year-old girl was struck in the mouth with a baseball bat. She has lost her front teeth and is spitting blood. The AEMT's priority concern when caring for this patient would be: a) seizure activity. b) jaw fracture. c) blood loss. d) airway compromise.
D
A 16-year-old boy has been inhaling paint fumes to "feel good." His grandmother called 911 when she found him doing this in the basement and he told her he was having a hard time breathing. He is alert and oriented, with a patent airway and adequate breathing. His radial pulse is strong and skin warm and dry. Your partner reports mild wheezing in both lungs. Vital signs are: pulse 92, respirations 20, blood pressure 148/62, and SpO2 98 percent on room air. He has no medical history. Appropriate initial care would include: a) positive pressure ventilation with supplemental oxygen. b) breathing treatment with a metered dose inhaler. c) oxygen at four liters per minute through a nasal cannula. d) high flow oxygen through a nonrebreather mask.
D
A behavioral emergency is one in which the patient presents a danger to: a) the general public. b) family members. c) himself/herself. d) All of these.
D
A condition that occurs as a result of panic disorder, phobia, or posttraumatic stress is termed: a) dementia. b) manic depression. c) delirium. d) anxiety.
D
A construction worker has been shot with a nail gun, resulting in a long nail going through his cheek and firmly embedding into the lower gum and jaw. There is considerable blood in his mouth and he is in excruciating pain. Given this scenario, which of the following would be your FIRST priority? a) Removing the nail b) Placing a cervical collar c) Applying oxygen d) Suctioning the airway
D
A defect of the ________ results in difficulty in visual detection of color and fine detail. a) lens b) cones and rods c) rods d) cones
D
A patient has an advanced infection in his foot. There appears to be an accumulation of gas in the tissues which causes a crackling sensation on palpation. This sign is typically seen in: a) dry gangrene. b) cellulitis. c) necrotizing fasciitis. d) gas gangrene.
D
A patient has been bitten by a snake. Bystanders do not know what kind it was but state that it had red, yellow, and black rings and that the red rings were banded on either side by yellow rings. The patient has generalized numbness and weakness in addition to slurred speech. Which of the following signs or symptoms would you also expect? a) Dysuria b) Dry mouth and mucous membranes c) Hyperactivity d) Paresthesia
D
A patient has been splashed in the face with battery acid. He is complaining of being unable to see anything and severe burning to his face. On closer examination, you note him to be holding both eyes tightly shut and there are significant burns to his cheeks and eyelids. In this situation, the AEMT would assess the eyes: a) after determining the patient's level of consciousness. b) prior to assessing the airway. c) immediately after assessing breathing rate. d) after assessing the patient's radial pulse.
D
A patient is unconscious with bradypnea after a possible heroin overdose. Which of the following medications and dosages would be MOST appropriate? a) 0.2 mg of flumazenil b) 1 mg of flumazenil c) 5 mg of naloxone d) 1 mg of naloxone
D
A patient who was hit in the face with a cloud of dust while working in an industrial setting is complaining of pain and discomfort to his left eye. While performing your secondary assessment on the eye, you note some redness to the globe but do not see any obvious foreign object. The most appropriate care you can provide to this patient would be: a) gently massaging the eye to promote tearing. b) having the patient hold the eye open during transport. c) carefully wiping the eye with a soft piece of sterile gauze. d) covering both eyes with a bandage.
D
A patient working at an ice plant was trapped in a room filled with sulfur dioxide. On arrival, you donned a self-contained breathing apparatus and entered the room, finding the patient unresponsive on the floor. The room remains filled with the gas. Your immediate priority in caring for this patient is to: a) assess the airway, breathing, and circulation. b) loosen all tight-fitting clothing. c) start positive pressure ventilation. d) remove him from the immediate environment.
D
A young boy was running with a pencil and tripped. The pencil impaled the boy's left eye and remains lodged in place. He is in his mother's arms and both are crying hysterically. Appropriate care for the eye would include: a) carefully removing the pencil from the eye to prevent the loss of vision, then providing immediate transport. b) applying ice to the affected eye to decrease pressure, swelling, and subsequent damage. c) applying gentle pressure to the pencil and eye to prevent movement followed by immediate transport. d) covering both eyes and providing immediate transport.
D
A young male golfer has been struck in the right eye with a golf club. The upper and lower lids are swollen shut and ecchymotic. There are also some blood clots noted between the eyelids. Which of the following indicates that the AEMT is providing proper care to this patient? a) He places a numbing medication in the eye. b) He applies pressure to the injured eye to control bleeding. c) He gently opens the lids to assess for injury to the eye. d) He wipes blood from the face but not the eye.
D
All of the following are symptoms of a panic attack EXCEPT: a) dizziness. b) paresthesia. c) nausea. d) bradycardia
D
An integral part of care for the patient suffering a psychological emergency should include: a) police presence. b) oxygen by nonrebreather mask. c) an authoritative presence. d) developing a rapport with the patient.
D
Fluid released from leaky capillaries as a result of histamine results in: a) mottling b) eczema. c) hypersensitivity. d) hives.
D
If left untreated, glaucoma can lead to what? a) Presbyopia b) Hyperopia c) Myopia d) Blindness
D
In order to appropriately restrain a patient: a) handcuffs need to be present. b) protocols should be in place. c) more than five people must be present. d) All of these
D
Mrs. Baker fell in her home and lay immobile until the next day when her daughter found her lying on the tile floor. You recognize that Mrs. Baker is at a greatly increased risk of: a) hypokalemia. b) fibromyalgia. c) renal failure. d) rhabdomyolysis.
D
Panic attacks MOST closely resemble: a) dementia b) schizophrenia. c) delirium. d) cardiac and respiratory conditions.
D
Problems related to a patient experiencing hallucinations, phobias, or delusions are related to the patient's: a) sensorium. b) bipolar disorder. c) cognitive processes. d) perceptual processes.
D
The bony labyrinth is another name for the: a) outer ear. b) auditory nerve. c) middle ear. d) inner ear.
D
What are the three tiny bones located in the middle ear? a) Pinnas b) Cerumen c) Cochleas d) Ossicles
D
What is the period between exposure and the production of enough antibodies to be detected in the blood? a) The disease period b) The fulminant period c) The latent phase d) The window phase
D
What is the role of diphenhydramine in anaphylaxis? a) Relaxes the smooth muscle in the lungs b) Causes constriction of peripheral blood vessels c) Reduces wheezes in the upper airways d) Prevents histamine from binding to histamine receptors
D
What position should be avoided when restraining a patient? a) Lateral b) Vertical c) Supine d) Prone
D
Which of the following is CORRECT regarding tularemia? a) It is a gastrointestinal illness spread through food. b) It causes hemolytic uremic syndrome if left untreated. c) It is a bacterial infection transmitted by black-legged ticks. d) It has been identified as a potential weapon of bioterrorism.
D
Which of the following is MOST likely to provide toxic exposure through inhalation? a) Wasps b) Prescription medications c) Over-the-counter medications d) Chlorine
D
Which of the following is a potentially life-threatening condition involving the head, neck, face, and upper airway? a) Hives b) Wheals c) Urticaria d) Angioedema
D
Which of the following mediators is responsible for many of the manifestations of anaphylaxis? a) Antibodies b) Basophils c) Macrophages d) Histamine
D
Which of the following pathogens can lie dormant in the body but reemerge under times of stress? a) Hepatitis b) Fungi c) Giardia lamblia d) Herpes viruses
D
Which of the following patients are MOST at risk for nosocomial infections? a) A child with a broken arm b) A patient having a heart attack c) A woman having a TIA d) An elderly AIDS patient
D
Which of the following patients would the AEMT recognize as a drug abuser? a) A 56-year-old man who accidentally took an additional dose of blood pressure medication b) A 41-year-old man who tried marijuana for the first time c) A 46-year-old woman who used cocaine for 10 years but has not used it in five years d) A 39-year-old woman who takes pain medications even though she is not in pain
D
Which of the following signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction would be considered anaphylaxis? a) Nausea b) Increased peristalsis c) Scattered wheezing d) Cyanosis and respiratory distress
D
Which of the following would be an example of acquired active immunity? a) Immunity passed from mother to baby during breastfeeding. b) A person is immune to varicella after having chicken pox as a child. c) Immunity formed after repeated exposure to a pathogen. d) A woman takes a yearly flu shot to prevent contracting influenza.
D
You are responding to a patient who has a weepy rash that itches intensely. She states that a couple of days ago she cleaned out a wooded area behind her home. How should you manage this apparent allergic reaction? a) Provide oxygen via NRB and 100 mg of Benadryl IM. b) Benadryl IV and 0.3 mg of 1:1000 epinephrine. c) Benadryl and 0.5 mg of 1:10,000 epinephrine. d) None of these are appropriate treatments.
D
You have been called for a 13-year-old boy who was caught sniffing glue by his parents. The boy is lethargic and confused and complaining of burning to the mouth and nose as well as nausea and vomiting. Based on the clinical presentation and mechanism of illness, how has this poison affected the boy's brain? a) Absorbing through the small intestine into the blood stream and then on to the brain b) Directly contacting the brain by crossing the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose c) Fumes from the glue were absorbed through the mucous membranes of the eyes and then on to the brain d) Crossing from the lungs into the blood stream and then circulating to the brain
D
Your patient is experiencing hallucinations and is sure that there are bugs crawling on the inside of the ambulance. You should: a) avoid recognizing the hallucination and act as if it is not happening. b) use the hallucination to your advantage in keeping the patient safe. c) agree with the patient, but assure the patient that they are safe. d) assure the patient that there are no bugs, but acknowledge the patient's feelings.
D
Your patient is experiencing profuse hives, itching, dyspnea, coughing, tachycardia, and dizziness after eating seafood five minutes ago. You might also expect to see all of the following additional signs EXCEPT: a) cyanosis. b) laryngeal edema. c) bronchospasm. d) hypertension
D
The MOST important factor in treating any behavioral problem is: a) collecting evidence for examination at the hospital. b) ensuring all patients are restrained prior to transport. c) ensuring scene safety prior to approaching the patient. d) obtaining a detailed examination of all patients.
c