Well Women's Health

A 17-year-old female client received her first dose of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. When should the nurse advise the client to return for her next dose? A. In 1 year B. In 6 to 12 months C. In 1 to 2 months D. In 1 to 2 weeks

C. In 1 to 2 months

A client's dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan (DXA) T-score is -2.7. The nurse understands this is indicative of what condition? A. Osteoporosis B. Menopause C. Infertility D. Osteopenia

A. Osteoporosis

An 8-ounce serving of milk contains 300 mg of calcium. How many servings will provide the recommended daily calcium intake for menopausal women 51 years of age and older?

4

The nursing student asks which physiological changes directly contribute to the increased risk of cancer for an older adult. How should the nurse respond? Select all that apply. A. "A decreased number of T-cells may contribute to the increased risk of cancer in an older adult." B. "Increased DNA damage may contribute to the increased risk of cancer in an older adult." C. "Decreased DNA repair capacity may contribute to the increased risk of cancer in an older adult." D. "Immaturity of the immune system may contribute to the increased risk of cancer in an older adult." E. "Deposits of lipofuscin may contribute to the increased risk of cancer in an older adult."

A. "A decreased number of T-cells may contribute to the increased risk of cancer in an older adult." B. "Increased DNA damage may contribute to the increased risk of cancer in an older adult." C. "Decreased DNA repair capacity may contribute to the increased risk of cancer in an older adult."

The nurse is presenting on breast cancer screening during a health fair. Understanding of cancer detection that provides the best opportunity for successful treatment is reflected by which statement? A. "Early detection of small tumors that have not spread provides the best opportunity for successful treatment" B. "Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) screening is recommended for all women to detect breast cancer." C. "Average risk for breast cancer includes BRACA1 gene mutation." D. "Monthly self-breast examinations are recommended for all women."

A. "Early detection of small tumors that have not spread provides the best opportunity for successful treatment"

The community health nurse is talking to a group of adolescents about human papillomavirus (HPV) prevention. Which strategies should the nurse include to reduce the risk of HPV? Select all that apply. A. Limit the number of sexual partners. B. Get vaccinated for HPV. C. Get regular Pap tests (females). D. Use condoms with sexual activity. E. Get treated promptly if HPV is diagnosed.

A. Limit the number of sexual partners. B. Get vaccinated for HPV. D. Use condoms with sexual activity.

A female client was prescribed an estrogen-receptor modulator for the treatment of osteoporosis. Which sign or symptom of an adverse effect should the nurse teach the client to watch for? A. Pain and swelling in the calf B. Difficulty swallowing C. Constipation D. Diarrhea

A. Pain and swelling in the calf

The nursing instructor has developed a presentation for nursing students on health needs of the female population over 65 years of age. Which health promotion activities are applicable for geriatric women? Select all that apply. A. Perform weight-bearing exercises and weight-lifting. B. Limit fluid intake to less than eight glasses. C. Go to step-aerobic fitness classes. D. Stop driving after getting lost in a familiar location. E. Get a Pap test every 3 years.

A. Perform weight-bearing exercises and weight-lifting. D. Stop driving after getting lost in a familiar location.

The nurse in the emergency department suspects that her female client had a stroke. Which signs would alert the nurse of a possible stroke? Select all that apply. A. Severe headache with no known cause B. Sudden onset of numbness in the face C. Shortness of breath D. Pain or pressure in the chest E. Sudden onset of dizziness or loss of balance

A. Severe headache with no known cause B. Sudden onset of numbness in the face E. Sudden onset of dizziness or loss of balance

The nurse is preparing a talk for middle school girls about reproduction. Which hormone should the nurse explain is responsible for growth of body hair and enlargement of the breasts? A. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) B. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) C. Estrogen D. Progesterone

C. Estrogen

A 55-year-old female client is concerned because her twin sister has osteoporosis. She asks the nurse what she can do to prevent osteoporosis. Which methods of risk reduction should the nurse advise? Select all that apply. A. "Ensure a daily calcium intake of 500 mg through diet or supplements." B. "Avoid smoking." C. "Ensure adequate intake of vitamin D from diet, sunlight, and/or supplements." D. "Try to swim three to four times per week." E. "Try to walk or jog three to four times per week."

B. "Avoid smoking." C. "Ensure adequate intake of vitamin D from diet, sunlight, and/or supplements." E. "Try to walk or jog three to four times per week."

An elderly female client has a nursing diagnosis of being at risk for falls related to impaired balance. The nurse has instructed the client on fall prevention. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further instruction? A. "I should install grab bars near the shower." B. "I should tape down the throw rugs in my home." C. "I will schedule an annual eye examination." D. "I should limit alcohol."

B. "I should tape down the throw rugs in my home."

An elderly female client asks the nurse about testing for osteoporosis. Which is the appropriate test to determine osteoporosis? A. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) B. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan (DXA) C. Biopsy of a long bone D. Serum vitamin D level

B. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan (DXA)

A postmenopausal client was prescribed vaginal estrogen cream. Which statement should be included in the nurse's teaching regarding this medication? A. "Apply topically to the labia and vulva." B. "Use the cream just before intercourse to help with lubrication." C. "Apply the cream inside the vagina." D. "Side effects include irregular bleeding from the vagina."

C. "Apply the cream inside the vagina."

The nurse is teaching a 16-year-old girl about the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Which statement by the teen indicates more teaching is needed? A. "The vaccine will help prevent cervical cancer." B. "The vaccine will help prevent genital warts." C. "I will need to get three doses of the vaccine." D. "I don't need to have a Pap test if I am fully vaccinated."

D. "I don't need to have a Pap test if I am fully vaccinated."

A 50-year-old female client is prescribed menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) for severe hot flashes. The client asks why she needs to take progesterone if her symptoms are due to low estrogen. Which is the best explanation by the nurse? A. "Estrogen alone is not enough to control hot flashes." B. "Severe menopausal symptoms require both hormones." C. "Estrogen given alone increases the risk of blood-clotting disorders." D. "The use of progesterone with estrogen therapy reduces the risk of endometrial cancer."

D. "The use of progesterone with estrogen therapy reduces the risk of endometrial cancer."

The nurse in an outpatient clinic is reviewing charts for clients coming in today. Which client should the nurse anticipate needing a Pap test today? A. A 29-year-old woman with a normal Pap test 2 years ago B. A 17-year-old woman with no prior Pap tests and onset of sexual activity 3 years ago C. A 45-year-old woman with a history of total hysterectomy for fibroids whose last Pap was 7 years ago D. A 21-year-old woman with no prior Pap tests and a history of HPV vaccines completed

D. A 21-year-old woman with no prior Pap tests and a history of HPV vaccines completed

The nurse is preparing a presentation to adolescent girls about health promotion. Which aspect of adolescent development should the nurse consider? A. Adolescent girls have completed biological changes, including sexual maturity. B. Adolescents are abstract thinkers. C. Adolescents use logic and plan for the future. D. Adolescents often compare their beliefs with those of their peers.

D. Adolescents often compare their beliefs with those of their peers.

The nurse is providing education to an 18-year-old client who is seeking birth control and health promotion at the clinic. Complete the following using the dropdown choices.

discussing the Gardasil vaccine ; HPV, the most common, sexually transmitted virus in the United States

The nurse is teaching a client about the HPV vaccine they are scheduled to receive. Which statement indicates that the client understands the purpose of the HPV vaccine? A. "The HPV vaccine is intended to help prevent cancer." B. "The HPV vaccine will help prevent against all infections." C. "The HPV vaccine is provided as a treatment for cancer." D. "The HPV vaccine is provided as a treatment for infection."

A. "The HPV vaccine is intended to help prevent cancer."

The nurse knows that which health issues are reported more frequently in women who are obese? Select all that apply. A. Endometrial cancer B. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) C. Abnormal menstrual cycle D. Infertility E. Osteoporosis

A. Endometrial cancer C. Abnormal menstrual cycle D. Infertility

A female client with osteoporosis is being prescribed alendronate (Fosamax). What should the nurse include when teaching the client about bisphosphonates? Select all that apply. A. "Take the medication with food." B. "Take the medication in a sitting or standing position." C. "Remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the pill." D. "This medication works by increasing the resorption of bone." E. "Side effects include musculoskeletal aches and pains, gastrointestinal irritation, and esophageal ulcerations."

B. "Take the medication in a sitting or standing position." C. "Remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the pill." E. "Side effects include musculoskeletal aches and pains, gastrointestinal irritation, and esophageal ulcerations."

The primary care nurse is reviewing records for female clients coming in today. Which clients are at higher risk of developing osteoporosis? Select all that apply. A. A 48-year-old woman with a body mass index (BMI) of 32 B. A White woman who smokes C. A 60-year-old woman with auto-immune disease who frequently takes corticosteroids D. A Black woman with normal vitamin D level E. An Asian small-boned woman who drinks three alcoholic beverages a day

B. A White woman who smokes C. A 60-year-old woman with auto-immune disease who frequently takes corticosteroids E. An Asian small-boned woman who drinks three alcoholic beverages a day

The nurse is reviewing the results of a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) with a client. The client had a T-score of -1. Which is the best interpretation of this DXA result? A. Indicates normal bone density B. Indicates osteopenia C. Indicates osteoporosis D. Indicates collapsed vertebrae

B. Indicates osteopenia

A female client with a history of breast cancer reports hot flashes and night sweats. Which treatment option would the nurse question if included in her plan of care? A. Low-dose antidepressants B. Oral estrogen C. Avoid alcohol, hot beverages, and spicy foods D. Biofeedback

B. Oral estrogen

The nurse is teaching an adolescent female about cervical cancer screening (Pap test). Which statement indicates that teaching was effective? A. "I will need to have a Pap test before my doctor will prescribe me birth control pills." B. "I'll need a Pap test every 5 years." C. "I should get my first Pap test when I turn 19." D. "I can give a urine sample for the Pap test."

C. "I should get my first Pap test when I turn 19."

The nurse is interviewing a 50-year-old female client about menopause-related symptoms. Which description by the client indicates she is experiencing vasomotor symptoms? A. "I feel dry in my vaginal area." B. "I'm putting on weight, especially around my waist." C. "My neck and face turn red and then I begin to sweat." D. "My skin is dry."

C. "My neck and face turn red and then I begin to sweat."

The nurse is teaching a postmenopausal woman about osteoporosis prevention and calcium intake. The client states she is lactose intolerant. Which calcium-rich food should the nurse recommend for this client? A. Plain low-fat yogurt B. Lean red meat C. Cooked shrimp D. Green leafy vegetables

D. Green leafy vegetables

A female client presents to the emergency department reporting pressure in her chest, discomfort in her back, and nausea. These are warning signs for what condition? A. Stroke B. Heartburn C. Pregnancy complications D. Heart attack

D. Heart attack

The client has been prescribed alendronate (Fosamax). Which statement reflects an understanding of the appropriate measures to reduce the side effects of this medication? Select all that apply. A. "I should take this medication in a standing position." B. "I should remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking this medication." C. "I should remain supine for at least 30 minutes after taking this medication." D. "I should take this medication with at least 8 ounces of water" E. "I should take this medication with either food or juice."

A. "I should take this medication in a standing position." B. "I should remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking this medication." D. "I should take this medication with at least 8 ounces of water"

A woman in her late 40s is reporting irregular menstrual cycles and asks the nurse if she still needs to use birth control. What is the best response by the nurse? A. "It is possible for a woman to become pregnant during perimenopause." B. "If you are experiencing hot flashes, you have reached menopause and you cannot get pregnant." C. "Until you have gone 6 months without a menstrual period, you can still get pregnant." D. "It is unlikely you would get pregnant now, and birth control is not safe to use at your age."

A. "It is possible for a woman to become pregnant during perimenopause."

Which statement by the client diagnosed with menopause demonstrates an understanding of the prescribed estradiol cream (Estrace cream)? A. "This cream will help with my vulva soreness." B. "This cream will treat my vaginal infection." C. "This cream will lubricate me for sexual intercourse." D. "This cream will increase my sexual desire."

A. "This cream will help with my vulva soreness."

The clinic nurse is teaching a client about a screening colonoscopy procedure. Which statement should be included in the teaching? A. "This is recommended every 10 years starting at age 50." B. "This is recommended every 5 years starting at age 50." C. "This test is recommended if the Pap test is abnormal." D. "This test is recommended only for people at risk for colon cancer."

A. "This is recommended every 10 years starting at age 50."

The mother of a 10-year-old girl asks the nurse when she should expect her daughter to have her first period. Which response by the nurse is correct? A. 2 to 2.5 years after the beginning of puberty B. About the time that the breasts begin to develop C. Any time between 13 to 14 years of age D. At the age the mother had menarche

A. 2 to 2.5 years after the beginning of puberty

The school nurse is selecting the person to teach female eighth-grade students about sexual assault avoidance. Which female selectee is recommended considering the cognitive and psychosocial development of this student population? A. A well-liked eighth-grade student from the school B. A well-known physical education teacher at the school C. A police officer from the local department D. A Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (SANE)

A. A well-liked eighth-grade student from the school

The nurse is preparing a community presentation on cerebrovascular health warning signs. As a leading cause of death for females in the United States, it is important for the attendees to remember which warning signs for stroke? Select all that apply. A. Facial numbness B. Partial blindness C. Coordination loss D. Severe headache E. Jaw discomfort

A. Facial numbness B. Partial blindness C. Coordination loss D. Severe headache

The nurse has developed a health promotion poster with diet recommendations to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. The current guidelines recommend the highest daily calcium intake for which population? A. Girls 9 to 18 years of age B. Women 19 to 50 years of age C. Women 51 years of age and older D. Women 19 to 50 years of age while pregnant/lactating

A. Girls 9 to 18 years of age

The nurse is teaching health promotion to a class of high-school students. Which should be included regarding human papillomavirus (HPV)? Select all that apply. A. HPV is the most common sexually transmitted virus in the United States. B. HPV vaccine is recommended only for females. C. HPV can cause cancer of the penis. D. Most cases of cervical cancer are caused from HPV. E. HPV vaccine is not indicated if a person already has genital warts.

A. HPV is the most common sexually transmitted virus in the United States. C. HPV can cause cancer of the penis. D. Most cases of cervical cancer are caused from HPV.

The nurse in a primary care clinic is working on a project to improve care for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals. Which processes should be included? Select all that apply. A. Have smoking cessation educational material available. B. Screen all individuals for domestic violence. C. Discuss family planning only with heterosexual clients. D. Ensure confidentiality of records. E. Educate staff and providers on LGBT health issues.

A. Have smoking cessation educational material available. B. Screen all individuals for domestic violence. D. Ensure confidentiality of records. E. Educate staff and providers on LGBT health issues.

The nurse in the primary care clinic is evaluating the immunization schedule of a 62-year-old female client. Which immunization is recommended for this client? A. Herpes zoster vaccine (HZV) B. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine C. Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR) D. Meningococcal vaccine

A. Herpes zoster vaccine (HZV)

The nurse is attending a continuing education conference session titled, "Care Considerations for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Individuals." Which health issues are experienced more frequently in lesbian clients? Select all that apply. A. Lack of health insurance B. More frequent medical care visits C. Provider lack of understanding D. Obesity E. Reproductive organ cancer

A. Lack of health insurance C. Provider lack of understanding D. Obesity E. Reproductive organ cancer

The nurse is providing a community education class on menopause. Which are symptoms associated with menopause? Select all that apply. A. Trouble falling asleep and staying asleep B. Painful intercourse C. Weight loss D. Numbness in face E. Night sweats

A. Trouble falling asleep and staying asleep B. Painful intercourse E. Night sweats

The nurse is caring for a client who identifies herself as lesbian. Which factors should the nurse consider when planning the client's care? Select all that apply. A. Screening for breast and cervical cancers can be done less frequently in lesbian women. B. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals experience health disparities. C. Domestic violence is not a concern in lesbian relationships. D. Lesbians seek health care less often than do heterosexual women. E. Lesbian women are less likely to use tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs compared with heterosexual women.

B. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals experience health disparities. D. Lesbians seek health care less often than do heterosexual women.

The nurse is reconciling the medication list for an elderly client. Which should the nurse consider when reviewing medications for this client? Select all that apply. A. Older adults usually need larger doses of medications. B. Older adults are at higher risk of drug toxicity. C. Older adults are more sensitive to medications. D. Include vitamins and supplements on the medication list. E. Over-the-counter (OTC) medications do not need to be reviewed.

B. Older adults are at higher risk of drug toxicity. C. Older adults are more sensitive to medications. D. Include vitamins and supplements on the medication list.

The nurse is educating a group of female clients about breast cancer screening. Which should be included in the teaching? A. Screening mammograms should begin at age 30. B. Women who are at high risk for breast cancer may need magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) screening and mammograms. C. Self-breast examinations should be done every month. D. Mammograms are best for detecting large tumors which a woman has felt.

B. Women who are at high risk for breast cancer may need magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) screening and mammograms.

The nurse is talking to a 15-year-old female athlete about her cigarette smoking. Considering cognitive development of adolescents, which statement is the client most likely to be concerned about? A. "Tobacco is the leading cause of heart disease." B. "Smoking can decrease fertility." C. "Smoking decreases lung capacity, fitness, and endurance." D. "Smoking can cause lung cancer."

C. "Smoking decreases lung capacity, fitness, and endurance."

A 49-year-old female client asks the nurse how she will know when she has reached menopause. Which answer by the nurse is best? A. "When you are having hot flashes." B. "When your menstrual periods are more than 120 days apart." C. "When you have not had a menstrual period in 12 months." D. "When your blood test shows low estrogen."

C. "When you have not had a menstrual period in 12 months."

A female client has an order for a screening mammogram. Which is the best explanation by the nurse of this procedure? A. "This is an x-ray of the chest and abdomen." B. "A machine uses magnets and radio waves to create a picture of the breast." C. "Your breasts are placed between two plates and a low-dose x-ray is taken." D. "Sound waves are used to see if you have any fluid-filled or solid masses in your breasts."

C. "Your breasts are placed between two plates and a low-dose x-ray is taken."

The primary care nurse is obtaining the weight and body mass index (BMI) of several clients. Which client would be defined as having obesity? A. A male client with a BMI of 29 B. A male client with a weight of 102 kg (225 lbs) C. A female client with a BMI of 31 D. A female client with a weight of 80 kg (175 lbs)

C. A female client with a BMI of 31

A female client in primary care is asking about hormone therapy for menopause symptoms. Which finding in the client's medical record should alert the nurse to a contraindication for estrogen? A. Hypothyroidism B. Diabetes C. Hysterectomy D. Deep vein thrombosis

D. Deep vein thrombosis