Western Civ Chap 16 Wk 2
Identify why Francis Bacon supported inductive thinking.
- Bacon believed that by gathering data and then, after careful review and experimentation, scientists could draw appropriate conclusions. - Bacon argued that scientific knowledge was best tested t hrough the cooperative efforts of researchers performing experiments that could be repeated and verified.
Copernicus considered his work a break from the Catholic Church.
False
Identify how states supported scientific innovation.
They created national academies that established research guidelines.
Identify how the era of exploration influenced the scientific revolution.
- Exploration of the world influenced the study of the cosmos. - Discoveries of new lands challenged ancient texts. - Discoveries of nature influenced natural history.
Identify the medieval influences on scientific observation.
- Magnetic compasses - Medieval sculptors - Printing presses - Studies of optics and lenses
Identify the content of the knowledge that was developed during the scientific revolution of the seventeenth century.
- Mathematical physics - Heliocentric view of the universe
Identify the distinct fields of knowledge developed during the scientific revolution of the seventeenth century.
- Medicine - Natural philosophy
Identify how the scientific revolution had an impact on aristocratic women.
- Some women became scientific observers. - Some women studied science in their homes. - Some women were able to teach at universities.
Identify why Galileo's writings became popular.
- They were not overly mathematical. - They were written in vernacular.
Read the following excerpt from Galileo: -... for the holy Bible and the phenomena of nature proceed alike from the divine Word, the former as the dictate of the Holy Ghost and the latter as the observant executrix of God's commands. Identify Galileo's main argument here.
Both nature and the Bible derive from God's word.
Match each astronomer with his discovery in astronomy.
Galileo: focused on laws of inertia Brahe: developed view that planets orbited the sun and the whole system orbited the earth Kepler: used mathematics to calculate that planets moved in elliptical orbits Copernicus: developed concept of heliocentric universe
Identify how Johannes Kepler modified Copernicus's theory of the universe.
Kepler discovered that the planets both traveled in elliptical orbits and moved at various speeds.
Old and new worldviews of science overlapped during the scientific revolution, and science was slow in changing society.
True
Identify the correct definition of inertia.
An object's motion stays the same until an outside force changes it.
Read the following passage from Discourse on Method (1637): - The long chain of reasonings ... had given me cause to suppose that all those things which fall within the domain of human understanding follow on from each other in the same way, and that as long as one stops oneself taking anything to be true that is not true and sticks to the right order so as to deduce one thing from another, there can be nothing so remote that one cannot eventually reach it, nor so hidden that one cannot discover it. ... Which type of thought does the passage above most directly support?
Deductive Reasoning
Educated women were widely accepted as part of the scientific revolution.
False
Identify how Tycho Brahe modified Copernicus's theory of the universe.
He believed both that the planets orbited the sun and that the whole system orbited the earth.
Identify Francis Bacon's main scientific concern.
He was focused on the assumptions, methods, and practices that he believed should guide natural philosophers and the progress of knowledge.
What is the term that defines the view that the sun is the center of the universe.
Heliocentric
What is the meaning of cogito ergo sum?
I think, therefore I am.
Identify how the Catholic Church responded to Galileo's teachings.
The Church called him before the Inquisition and forced him to recant his beliefs.
Identify Copernicus's discovery about the universe.
The earth was not stationary or at the center of the universe.
Identify the impact of the scientific revolution on society.
The scientific revolution developed new systems of gathering and analyzing data.
Identify how Neoplatonists influenced the scientific revolution
They believed that the natural world was created by God and should be studied.
