What is memory?

Encoding is to _____ as storage is to _____.

data entered into a computer; data saved on the hard drive

Iconic memory is to _____ as vision is to hearing.

echoic memory

Zandra's teacher tells her that she cannot forget something if she never "got it" in the first place. MOST likely, Zandra's teacher is referring to a failure in:

encoding

Carla has a friend who knows she is studying psychology. She tells Carla that one of her favorite memories from childhood is when her family would have "ice cream night." She asks her what type of memory this is, and Carla correctly tell her that it is the type of long-term memory called "_____."

episodic

Memories of specific events in one's life such as high school graduation are called "_____ memories."

episodic

Karina has been playing baseball for years and has gotten better over time. She can describe the first time she played baseball, which is a(n) _____ memory. However, her improvement in skill cannot be put into words and would be an example of a(n) _____ memory.

explicit; explicit

_____ memory refers to retention of information that is independent of conscious recollection, whereas _____ memory refers to memory for known facts and conscious experiences.

implicit; explicit

It is much easier to learn meaningful material than to learn nonsense material. This best illustrates the advantage of:

semantic encoding

Mary is trying to help her daughter sell Girl Scout cookies. A fellow colleague at work tells her the seven different boxes of cookies he wants to buy. Mary must write these down right away because she has about 15 to 20 seconds before her _____ store is depleted.

short-term

Millie has been having difficulties remembering what people have just said. She is unable to follow along during her favorite television shows. Millie is having difficulty with her:

sort-term memory

The process of retaining information in memory so it can be used at a later time is called:

storage

Tamesian has a hard time remembering names. One night at a party, she met a guy she really wanted to impress. In order to remember that his name was Joe, she imagined a steaming cup of coffee ("cup of Joe") every time she looked at him. This illustrates a strategy to help encode information called "_____."

visual imagery

_____ memory is a fast-decaying store of visual sensory memory

Iconic

Ral has been golfing for most of his life and is a good golfer. Therefore, Ral was surprised when his friend asked him to describe how to swing the club without slicing the ball and he could not put it into words. Ral's memory of how to avoid slicing the ball is probably:

a procedural memory