What is the branch of geology that is concerned with the origin, composition, and structure of rocks?

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Marble, quareite, serpentine, soapstone

4 types of nonfoliated metamorphic rock

What process occurs when rocks are "baked" by magma.

Contact metamorphism

What rocks that form when magma reaches the surface and is forced out the Earth as lava?

Extrusive rocks

Name two types of coarse grained igneous rocks.

Granite and gabbro

List and define the three main categories of rock that are based on the way rocks appeared to have been formed.

Igneous (solidified magma), sedimentary (sediments), and metamorphic rock (cooked by heat and pressure)

What are the rocks that form when magma solidifies?

Igneous rocks

What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive rock?

Intrusive is under an extrusive

What is the difference between mechanical, chemical, and organic sediments?

Mechanical=physical means - chemical= crystalized - organic= fossil materials

Native element

Natural element on Earth's crust-single element

What is the most abundant sedimentary rock?

Shale

What is rock?

The hard mineral that makes up Earth's crust

Extrusive rock

above ground

What is the most common igneous rock

basalt

Why is Coal called a fossil fuel

because it was made from plants that were once alive

limestone

chemical sedimentary rock 50% calcium carbonate

Granite

composes most of earth's continental crust

Porphyritic rock

cooled magma, slow, mixed texture

What rock composes most of the continental crust

granite

Stratum

horizontal rock, w diff rock right above it

Pumice

igneous rock that floats on water

Intrusive rock

in the ground

Igneous rock that forms when magma cools and hardens while still underground?

intrusive

When _______ cools very rapidly, _______ crystals form, and the rock is _______\ .

magma - no - amorphous

Amorphous rock

magma cools rapidly, no crystals