what is the earth made of?
continental crust is how thick
35-40 km
oceanic crust is how thick
7-10 km
Nitrogen is
a Carbon 14 daughter product
what is the earth system made of
atmosphere - gaseous envelope hydrosphere - surface and near-surface liquid water cryosphere - surface and near-surface ice and snow biosphere - living organisms
the 4 classes of silicate rocks
felsic (less dense)- granite intermediate mafic (more dense) - gabbro rock (large grains/ basalt (small grains) ultramafic - peridotite
what are the layers of the earth
inner core - 1278 km outer core - 2200 km mantle - 2200 km (lower mantle + upper mantle)
temperature is a
measure of warmth relative to some standard
name the planets in order of distance from the sun
mercury venus earth mars jupiter saturn uranus Neptune Pluto
lithosphere
rocky surface covering earth's crust -lies on top of asthenosphere
the most common minerals in the earth contain
silica
what generates earth's magnetic field
the flow of the iron alloy of the outer core
continental crust
the older, thicker part of earth's crust that is about 4-5x thicker than oceanic crust - contains various rock types
radiation is
the process by which electromagnetic waves transmit heat into or out of a body
heat is
the thermal energy transferred from one object to another
oceanic crust
the thinner younger part of earth's crust that is under the sea floor
transition zone is between
the upper and lower mantle
what is bathymetry
the variation in elevation of the ocean floor
asthenosphere
warmer part of earth's mantle - rock flows here
