Who defined the Short Story

Five Purposes of Dialogue

-help the reader understand the thoughts and ideas of another character while also helping the other characters connect through speaking to better the story stories purpose.

Man vs Society

A character has a conflict or problem with some element of society - the school, the law, etc. Racism, segregation, religious beliefs, environmental issues, being wrongly accused of something, and being ousted from society are all examples of how someone can come into conflict with his or her community.

Irony

A contrast between expectation and reality. For example, in the picture, the wet floor sign is slipping on the wet floor.

Man vs Nature

A dramatic struggle between a character and something that is caused by nature. Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea and Moby Dick by Herman Melville are examples of this type of conflict.

Man vs Man

A dramatic struggle between two characters in a story. Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea. He always thought of the sea as 'la mar' which is what people call her in Spanish when they love her.

verbal irony

A figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant. Saying that it is raining cats and dogs is verbal irony because it can't actually rain animals, but they are trying to get the reader to understand how intense the rain is.

Rising Action

A series of events that builds from the conflict. It begins with the inciting force and ends with the climax. The rising acting of the monkey's paw was when the family friend threw the paw into the fire and the family pulled it out because they wanted their wishes, but the family friend was like you do you I don't want to be a part of it. So the rising acting was the family deciding what to do with the paw.

External Conflict

A struggle between a character and an outside force. Example #1: Romeo and Juliet (By William Shakespeare) ... Example #2: The Old Man and The Sea (by Earnest Hemingway) ... Example #3: Heart of Darkness (by Joseph Conrad) ... Example #4: Macbeth (by William Shakespeare)

Internal Conflict

A struggle between opposing needs, desires, or emotions within a single character. Hamlet is probably the most well-known literary character experiencing Man vs. Self-conflict throughout much of the famous Shakespearian play.

Resolution

End of the story where loose ends are tied up. Not every short story necessarily has a resolution such as in the monkeys paw there was no resolution they left the reader to believe that the son had been mangled and came back so their house and the mom screamed meaning she was upset but the plot line stopped on the climax. The resolution of "Romeo and Juliet" is that Romeo and Juliet die, causing their parents to realize they were wrong and end their feud. "Romeo and Juliet" is an early tragedy written by William Shakespeare.

Falling Action

Events after the climax, leading to the resolution. The falling action in "Romeo and Juliet" starts to happen in Act III, Scene ii,- after Romeo kills Tybalt. Juliet becomes confused as to what to feel because her new secret husband is now banished from Verona while her beloved cousin is dead by Romeo's hand.

Mood

Feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader. For example in the short story the tell tale heart the mood changes a lot throughout the story. It goes from confusion to hesitance to fear all very quickly.

Kindred Art

How a story connects to you. Example: In the monkeys paw it talks about you lose something to gain something, in our life you can say i lost all my free time, but i fixed my grade in science.

Dramatic irony

Irony occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play. In the picture, it shows a picture of a shark with a swimmer overhead. The shark obviously isn't that large, so it's being dramatic and over-exaggerating the situation.

Climax

Most exciting moment of the story; turning point. When in the monkeys paw the mom screamed after her son came back mangled and the father sent him away again. the entire story built up to that moment with the wishes.

Single Effect

Poe's concept of a "_____ ______" applies to short stories, and basically states that every element of a story should contribute to a single emotional effect of the story. Example: A short story about how dogs can learn all types of tricks, this could interest you and bring you joy.

Inner Monologue

When the author allows us access into the thoughts of a character. For example, in a story where a character's primary or secondary struggle is accepting their body, there may be a scene where they're looking in a mirror: He turned and stood at an angle, sucking in his belly.

Conflict

a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas. Examples of Conflict: 1. In Hamlet, Hamlet has a conflict with his uncle, whom he suspects of murdering his father in order to be king. Hamlet also has some internal conflict, as he struggles with his own feelings during the play.

Short Story

a story with a fully developed theme but significantly shorter and less elaborate than a novel. about 50,000 words or less can be read in one sitting. examples: the tell-tale heart, and the monkey's paw

Exposistion

beginning of a story sets the tone, introduces characters, setting, and gives background information. The monkey's paw introduced all the characters and where they were, there were 4 characters (mom, dad, son, a family friend. It also said how the were in the more basement area of their house and they were playing games and then the family friend showed up.

Plot must be...

complex, realistic and predictable. It should only include necessary components.

Dialogue

conversation between characters in a literary work. Quotation marks (" ") are the key to writing clear dialogue. You'll want to place them around the exact words your character speaks, but not around any tags that identify the speaker. This use of quotation marks lets the reader know that someone said "I love French toast" out loud.

situational irony

irony involving a situation in which actions have an effect that is opposite from what was intended so that the outcome is contrary to what was expected. I think this has happened to just about anyone you can name, but when you push a pull door or pull a push door. It's situational because you stop for a moment and think why isn't the door opening and then you realize and laugh at yourself.

3 rd Omniscient

is a method of storytelling in which the narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of all of the characters in the story. "While Madison was confused about what was happening, Jackson knew exactly what he was getting himself into. Madison asked "are you sure this is safe?" "absolutely! i love sky diving."

Length of a Short Story

should be around 50,000 words if you're counting, but if you aren't then it should be read in one sitting.

Plot

the main events of a play, novel, movie, or similar work, devised and presented by the writer as an interrelated sequence.

2nd Person

the narrator addresses a "you." "When you think about animals, what is the first thing that comes to your mind?"

3 rd Limited

the narrator only knows the thoughts and feelings of one character. "Alexandra sat in the back of the classroom quietly. It was her first day at her new school and she was anxious and everyone was just looking at her."

Point of View

the narrator's position in relation to a story being told. "this story is told from a child's point of view"

3rd Person

when the narrator is telling the story about one character that is not him/herself and is aware of other characters' actions and possibly their thoughts. "Nathan couldn't stop thinking about what would have happened if he had been honest."

1st Person

when the narrator is telling the story from his/her point of view, the word "I" is present outside of quotes "I went to the store to get some snacks, but much to my surprise they ran out of my favorite ones.

Man vs. Supernatural

where a character or characters fight against elements outside the natural realm. Romans were very superstitious, and there are many examples of superstitions in the play.

Man vs Self

where the main character of the story has a problem or struggle with him or herself. The Call of the Wild, in which the protagonist (in this case, a dog) is torn between a domesticated self and wild self.