WileyPLUS Chemistry

Lemon juice is an acid. What would you expect for its pH?

3

What is the name given to a negatively charged atom?

Anion

The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties and characteristics of an element is a (an)?

Atom

The number of protons in an atom is represented by an element's?

Atomic number

In the diagram which particles are negatively charged?

C

Ninety-six percent of the body mass is made from?

Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen

What type of bond is found in lipids?

Covalent

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of valence electrons between two atoms?

Covalent

What type of bond is found in nucleic acids?

Covalent and Hydrogen

An atom with 2 or more shells can be described as chemically stable if its valence shell contains _ _?

Eight electrons

A chemical that can conduct electrical current when dissolved in water is called a(n)?

Electrolyte

Acid is used in the intestine to break down proteins?

False

Covalent bonds involve a transfer of electrons from one molecule to another?

False

Ions are nonpolar molecule?

False

Of ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds are the most common type of chemical bonds found in the body?

False

The non-polar tails of phospholipids create a water-soluble barrier?

False

What type of chemical bond commonly forms between adjacent water molecules?

Hydrogen bonds

A solute that readily dissolves in water is?

Hydrophilic

Buffers in the blood are needed to?

Increase the pH, decrease the pH, maintain a stable pH

Which of the following elements is a trace mineral in the body?

Iodine

What type of bond is found in salts?

Ionic

Which is not a property of water?

It has a low heat capacity

Which of the following is a general term used to refer to the sum of all the chemical reactions occurring in the body?

Metabolism

Which of the following subatomic particles has a neutral charge?

Neutron

Among isotopes of any particular element, the number of _____ can vary, and therefore the mass number of the element will vary?

Neutrons

What region of an atom contains the protons and neutrons?

Nucleus

In terms of percentage of body mass, what is the most abundant chemical element in the body?

Oxygen

Which type of lipid is a major component of cell membranes?

Phospholipids

Phospholipids are?

Polar, non-polar, self-interacting

Each element has a unique identifying number called the atomic number. Which of the following subatomic particles is(are) represented by the atomic number?

Protons

Positively charged particles located in the nucleus of an atom are?

Protons

The negative oxygen in water will interact with which of the following ions?

Sodium

When table sugar, sucrose, dissolves in water, the water is the?

Solvent

What distinguishes an atom of one element from an atom of another element?

The number of protons

Atoms are neutral because?

The number of protons equals the number of electrons

ATP is a compound used by the body to store chemical energy harvested from other metabolic processes, such as the breakdown of nutrients. This energy can be released to fuel other process, such as the synthesis of other molecules. The usual way in which energy is released from ATP is by the hydrolysis of the last phosphate group in a chain of three phosphates?

True

Acid are proton donors. Bases are proton acceptors?

True

Carbohydrates are a polar molecule?

True

Hydrogen bonding is essential in the structure of proteins?

True

Hydrogen bonds involve a non-uniform sharing of electrons between two or more molecules?

True

Ionic bonds involve a transfer of electrons from one atom to another?

True

Lipids are insoluble in water because they are nonpolar?

True

Phospholipids are both polar and non-polar?

True

Water can form hydrogen bonds with itself?

True

Water is polar because the electrons spend more time near the oxygen molecule?

True

Weak acids may be found in the blood?

True

Within the human body, strong acids are found only in the stomach?

True

A chemical reaction involves interactions between the _____ of two different atoms?

Valence electrons

In the body fluid compartments found in the human body, the solvent is?

Water

What is the most abundant and important compound in all living things?

Water

What is the most abundant and most important inorganic compound in the body?

Water