World Geo Test: Ch. 5-6

1861-1865

American Civil War

1775-1783

American Revolution

Loyalists

American colonists who remained loyal to the british government, fled to canada after the american revolution

There are two official languages- English and ________

French

Inuit

Indigenous people of the Canadian Arctic

Quebecois

Quebec's French-speaking inhabitants

manufacturing belt

a concentrated region of manufacturing industries in the northeastern and midwestern United States

fall line

a drop that marks the place where the higher land of the Piedmont drops to the lower Atlantic Coastal plain

dry farming

a farming method used in dry regions in which crops are grown that rely only on the natural precipitation

divide

a high point or ridge that determines the direction rivers flow

Megalopolis

a large population concentration made up of several large and many smaller cities, such as the area between Boston and Washington, D.C.

sunbelt

a mild climate region in the southern and southwestern portions of the United States

smog

a mixture of atmospheric pollutants, including carbon monoxide, sulfur, nitrogen oxide, hydrocarbons, and particulates

dominion

a partially self-governing country with close ties to another country

chinook

a seasonal warm wind that blows down the Rockies in late winter and early spring

Underground Railroad

a system of secret routes used by escaping slaves to reach freedom in the North or in Canada

first nations

a term that refers to indigenous peoples of Canada who are neither inuit nor metis

fishery

an area in which fish or sea animals are caught

Rugged terrain and a cold _______ climate with a short growing season make much of Canada difficult for human settlement

arctic

______ forest, also known as taiga, occupies the bulk of Canada's northern areas

boreal

old growth forest

complex forest that has developed over a long period of time and is relatively untouched by human activity

ocean ____ play a key role in canada's climates

currents

post industrial

economy that emphasizes services and technology rather than industry and manufacturing

Canada's boreal forest is one of the largest forest and wetland ______ remaining on earth

ecosystems

timberline

elevation above which it is too cold for trees to grow

fossil fuels

fuels were formed over hundreds of millions of years from the fossilized remains of plants and animals

overfishing

harvesting fish to the point that species are depleted and the value of the fishery reduced

France

in 1763 it was forced to give up much of its North American empire to Great Britain

Like the US, Canada maintains a ______ economy

market

the heavily eroded appalachian mountains are north america's ______ mountains

oldest

metis

persons who have both indigenous and French Canadian ancestry

acid rain

precipitation carrying highs amounts of acidic material that affects a larsmogge area of the eastern US

Eutrophication

process by which a body of water becomes too rich in dissolved nutrients, encouraging the overgrowth of small plants, especially algae

natural _____ and agriculture make up over 60% of Canada's exports

resources

tarsands

sand or sandstone naturally impregnated with petroleum

the Canadian ____ is a giant core of rock anchoring the continent and centered on Hudson Bay and James Bay

shield

tributary

smaller river/stream that feeds into a larger river

aqueduct

systems of channels and pipelines used to carry water for hundreds of miles

separatism

the breaking away of one part of a country to create a separate, independent country

aquaculture

the cultivation of seafood

clear-cutting

the removal of whole forests when harvesting timber

Approximately 81% of Canada's 34 million inhabitants live in ______ areas

urban

due to its great expanse of latitude, canada experiences a large _____ in climate and vegetation types

variation