World Geography Spring Interim Review 30a-35e

Political sovereignty

- absolute control of a state by a government

United Nations

190 countries from around the world. The goal is to provide an apparatus to keep peace and stability around the world

Amazon Basin

2.7 million square miles, includes all the rivers, streams, and creeks that eventually flow into the Amazon River, s located in Brazil and in parts of Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia...

European Union

28 European states to have a cohesive political and economic system. The agreement is meant to provide peace in the continent, grow the collective economy, and promote pro-democracy governments. common currency, the Euro..., open borders

African Union

54 African states with a goal of basically promoting and working towards a better Africa. It uses the United Nations goals as an outline. involved in defense, peace keeping, education, politics, economic issues, women's empowerment etc. T

Quota

A ___________ system in the United States was included in the Immigration Act of 1924.

French

A law passed in the 1970's proclaimed _____________the official language of Quebec.

Seville, Spain

Christian architecture city

Kosovo

Civil conflict created many states within a former one, such as in the former Yugoslavia

Ural

Divides Europe and Asia (mountain range runs north and south from northern Kazakhstan, through the heart of Russia, to the Arctic Ocean)

media

Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have sped up the processes of globalization and are forms of Social ______________.

Quebec

French-Canadians have used their version of French as a rallying cry for independence or at least semiautonomy of the province of ___________.

water

In the United States, there are several ________ rights battles occurring between the U.S. and Mexico and between states. The United States and Mexico have water agreements dealing with the Colorado River and Rio Grande

hearth

It is much easier for brands, styles, and pop culture in general to be diffused today from its ______________.

Pampas

Located in Argentina but is partly located in Uruguay and Brazil. It is a vast plain dominated by grasslands

Gobi Desert

Located in the north of China and southern Mongolia, the Gobi is a high elevation desert with an area of around 500,000 square miles

India

McDonald's is another example of a Transnational Company. The company is attempting to obtain a strong foothold in _____________.

Alps

Mountain Range from Monaco in the west to Slovenia in the east. It can be found in parts of France, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, and Austria

Pyrenees

Mtn range forming natural border between France and Spain (Aneto is tallest peak).

Istanbul, Turkey

Muslim architecture city

drought

Prolonged ______________ and desertification have led to even more issues with access to reliable water sources. Desertification has increased, especially in the regions surrounding the Sahara Desert

1961 Antarctica Treaty

Signed by 12 countries / states that Antarctica can only be used for peaceful activities, it is for scientific exploration, and that all findings are to made public

pro

Some countries are _______ - natalist. Russia had a "Day of Conception" in 2015, where workers were given time off from work. In Singapore, cruises and resort stays are offered. In Germany and Russia, cash is paid to couples who have children.

Rap

Styles of music such as ______, have also spread and become part of pop culture even in very conservative places such as Iran.

Aral

The ___________ Sea is a clear example of a man-made ecological disaster. The Soviet Union diverted the two main rivers which feed the sea and used them to irrigate the surrounding arid land. The Sea has dried up.

Westphalia

The modern beginnings of political borders came from the Peace of _________________ in 1648

Swahili

The most common Bantu language is ___________ and is spoken as a second language in many areas of East Africa

Strip mining

This type of mining destroys everything around the mine. All vegetation, top soil, wildlife habitat, etc. are stripped away.

deep

To fulfill demand, the interconnection of _________ water ports, rail lines, and good highway systems determine where new economic activity will be created.

NAFTA

Trade pacts such as ____________, have made trade much easier, and created and taken jobs from the countries associated (United States, Mexico, and Canada)

large

United States, Russia, and China have all benefitted and had challenges due to being _____________states.

Chile

______, the longest country in the world, is known as an elongated state

GDP

________ per capita rates are directly linked to demographic and social indicators. The correlation between rich countries and high levels of literacy, life expectancy, healthcare, etc. is confirmed when examining demographic data

Coca-Cola

________-________ and Pepsi are also examples of products who through advertising, product placement, and adaptation to local culture have become corporate giants around the world

Turkey

___________ sits inside two continents with the only route in and out of the trade rich Black Sea, the Bosporus Strait, dividing the Europe and Asia. The country sits at the crossroads of the Middle East and Europe, Christianity and Islam, and trade routes between the East and West

OPEC

______________ (The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) has great power to set crude oil production limits in order to regulate the global supply

Japan

_______________ is a country with an extremely homogeneous population

Illegal

_______________ trade also known as shadow or underground economies, flourish throughout the world if laws and regulations are not enforced consistently. drug trafficking, human trafficking, employment of undocumented day laborers, buying or selling counterfeit products, the illegal animal trade, etc. are all parts of this illegal economy.

Fracking

________________ leads to the increased chance of contaminated ground water due to the chemicals used to extract the oil. There are also many examples which point to fracking causing to an increase risk in earthquakes

Lesotho

_________________ being an enclave within South Africa, is presented with many challenges. It is totally reliant on South Africa and only South Africa to get its exports out and its imports in. It has no other options than to rely on the country they are surrounded by.

amnesty

_________________ comes up as one solution to the immigration. The basic steps include securing the border, vetting and documenting all undocumented people in the country, deporting criminals, and giving the other people a path to citizenship

Research

_________________Triangle in North Carolina. Durham, Raleigh, and Chapel Hill are the three major hubs There are universities which produce a highly-educated workforce, local governments who support innovation and new ideas, an overall high quality of life, and reliable transportation infrastructure

Indonesia

____________________, being an archipelago with around 18,000 islands and over 300 ethnic groups, also has challenges. Keeping a country so vast, separated, spread out, and diverse unified is no easy task.

Switzerland

___________________________, being a small neutral country, has specialized in banking and tourism. The average pay per year for a citizen in Switzerland is almost $60,000 compared to the world average at around $10,000

Transnational

_______________________companies see money to be made so they expand and adapt to different cultures and regions of the world. Fast food restaurants began in the United States and have since expanded worldwide. KFC is the largest restaurant chain in China.

Globalization

___________________is the word to use when discussing the rapid diffusion of culture around the world

Bantu

_______________is a family of languages spoken primarily in Sub-Saharan Africa

Indus River

a length of around 2,000 miles. It begins in the Tibetan Plateau in China and flows west into northern India before turning south-southwest into Pakistan. The Indus flows the length of Pakistan before draining into the Arabian Sea.

Dam building

alters the flow of waterways, permanently changes the natural environment and wildlife habitat of the entire watershed, and can force people to relocate due to the flooding of towns and villages upstream

China

ant-natal plan was put into law in 1979 and called the One Child Policy

Ganges River

begins in the Himalayas and flows southeast through northeast India before crossing into Bangladesh where it becomes a delta as it empties into the Bay of Bengal. The Ganges has a length of just over 1,500 miles.

Yangtze River

begins in the Kunlun Mountains, southwest of the Huang He's source, and flows almost 4,000 miles east into the East China Sea. It is the third longest river in the world behind the Amazon and the Nile.

Seine River

begins just east of Paris, France from the confluence of two other rivers. The Seine meanders northwestward though northern France before ending in the English Channel

Ethnic Sovereignty

control for an ethnic group inside of a functioning political sovereign state

Ethnicity

cultural traits and customs such as language, religion, dress, etc

Deforestation

deprives the earth of oxygen, leads to desertification, destruction of wildlife habitat, and polluted waterways due to runoff.

Atacama Desert

driest desert that is not polar on earth. Rain may not fall for years. It is a plateau west of the Andes and east of the Pacific. In Chile but also is inside parts of Bolivia, Peru, and Argentina

Himalayan Mountains and Tibetan Plateau

e highest and most impenetrable mountains in the world, the Himalayas provide a border between the Indian sub-continent Asia. peaks over 20,000 feet (Mount Everest), at just over 29,000 feet, being the tallest mountain on earth. Plateau sits north of the Himalayas and extends well into western China.

Association of Southeast Asian Nations

economic agreement between 10 states in Southeast Asia

NAFTA

economic treaty between the United States, Mexico, and Canada. It allows products produced in one country to be transported to, through, and sold in any of the treaty states without tariff

UN Sustainable Development Goals for 2030

ending poverty, gender equality, zero hunger, affordable and clean energy, etc

Nation

group with a shared culture inside a land area (EX. Cherokee Nation)

New York City

home to approximately 8.5 million people just within the city limits comprising dozens of ethnicities. Each ethnicity has a unique cultural flavor which can be seen through architecture such as houses of worship. Within just a few blocks one can come across a Catholic cathedral, a mosque, and a Hindu temple

cultural Landscape

how humans have physically impacted the natural layout of the land by their actions. This includes buildings, road structures, agriculture, energy production, etc.

Huang He River

known as the Yellow River, it begins in the Bayan Har Mountains in central China and flows primarily east into the Yellow Sea of China's east coast.

Nation-state

land where a nation and state are within the same sovereign territory (EX. Japan )

resettlement

many countries do offer _____________________ programs for refugees including the United States, Australia, and the EU. The process is time consuming because of the amount of vetting required. It may take over a year for a government to decide the fate of an individual or a family.

Non-Governmental Organizations -

operate in poor and impoverished countries. They are unique because they are not part of any governmental system

Danube

origin in southern Germany... flows primarily east through southern Germany, Austria, becomes the border between Slovakia and Hungary, through Hungary, becomes the border of Croatia and Serbia, through Serbia, becomes the border between Bulgaria and Romania, forms the border between Ukraine and Romania, before ending in the Black Sea

Basque

region in northern Spain and extreme southwest France on the Bay of Biscay. most unique languages in the world. ot related to any other languages anywhere on earth. This alone has led to a united movement. for independence from Spain. This has led to conflict with the federal government in Madrid

Rhine River

source is in the Alps, Switzerland. Runs north becoming the border between Switzerland and Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Germany, SW Germany and France, before being exclusively in Germany. Becomes a delta within the Netherlands and finally dumps into the North Sea

State

sovereign territory with distinct borders (EX. Canada)

Andes Mountains

stretch the entire length of South America from Chile to Colombia in the north. Highest peakis Aconcogua, reaches almost 23,000 feet. This range isolates the west coast of South America from the rest of the continent.

Situation

the factors within and surrounding the site which impact the economic activities and development...including connectedness to other successful settlements and proximity to natural resources

Site

the physical land area where a settlement is established...including physical features and climate conditions

food

where cultural diffusion has had an extraordinary impact. in globalization .. getting a product from anywhere all over the world at any time we choose