World History lesson 7/8

New Kingdom (1600-1100 BCE)

-Egypt's golden age -Egypt's power reached great heights -pharaohs increased trade and had massive monuments built -empire expanded up the Nile into Sudan

Ramses was the first person in the world to do what

-sign a peace treaty with another nation

Pharaoh

A ruler of ancient Egypt

Why were some people in parts of Canaan herders rather than farmers? A. The Land was too hilly for growing crops. B. There were too many farmers and not enough land C. It was easier to stay in one place and herd animals D. There was plenty of fresh water from the Dead Sea

A. The land was too hilly for growing crops

Where were farmers in Canaan most likely to live? A. The Syrian desert B. Along the Mediterranean coast C. In the Negev desert D. Near the Dead Sea

B. Along the Mediterranean coast

Where did Israelites settle?

Canaan

What greatly affected where people settled?

Environmental factors.

What did the Sea of Galilee provide?

Fish and fertile land.

Farmers liked settling in

Flat areas

The ancient Egyptians settled

In the northeast corner of Africa along the Nile River

Where did Egyptians live?

In the northern part of the Nile river

Who settled northeast of Egypt, along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea?

Israelites aka Jews

In Egypt and Kush why did most people farm in the Nile River valley?

It provided fresh water in an area that was mostly desert. Topography in the valley made the land good for farming and supported useful vegetation.

What were benefits to live on the northern border of Egypt by the Mediterranean Sea?

It was rich in fish and other seafood. Also, it provided a waterway that linked Egypt to other civilizations.

Where was the main source of fresh water in Canaan and why?

Jordan River bc it provided hunting, fishing, and land to farm. It did not flood regularly and had plentiful vegetation.

Aspect

One part of something

Where did farmers prefer to settle?

Plains

What played a central role in Egypt's social and political order?

Religion

What was the area like near the Dead Sea?

Sea was too salty for anything to grow, even plant. It was hot, dry, and u unsuitable for farming.

What was the most important physical feature for Egypt and Kush?

The Nile River bc it created a long fertile valley

Nile River

The longest river in the world flowing through Eastern Africa to a delay in northeastern Egypt

Nile River

The longest river in the world, flowing through Eastern Africa to a delta in northeastern Egypt

People mainly built pyramids for who?

The pharaohs

topography

The shape and elevation of surface features of the land, such as mountains or deserts of a place or region.

Topography

The shape and elevation of surface features, such as mountains or deserts, of a place or region

Factor

something that influences or causes a result

How did surrounding bodies of water affect tube Israelites?

-Israelites were able to fish in Jordan River -fertile plains bear the Mediterranean were farmed -Jordan River was the main source of fresh water.

Facts about the great pyramid Giza

-It takes 6 roofs to hold the weight of the structure -burial chambers connected by a network -made of more than. 2 million stone bricks -considered one of the 7 wonders of the ancient world

Facts about pharaohs

-believed to be gods -owned all the land and responsible for their people's well being -they were kings, generals, and religious leaders combined -after they died it was thought they entered eternal life so tombs built to last and objects buried w them to use in next life.

Middle Kingdom 2000-1800 BCE

-called reunification period bc followed years of chaos and Disunity -enjoyed achievements in literatures, art, and architecture

What significant role did the Libyan and Nubian dessert play in settlement for Egypt and Kush?

-formed a natural barrier that protected people in the Nile River valley

Why was water important and why did people settle by it?

-needed it to live, bathe, and wash things to prevent disease. -it was a source of food -farmers used it to grow crops. -used for transportation.

Why did vegetation influence human settlement?

-plants are a source of food -people learned to make useful products from plants. Ex: baskets, tools, paper, medicine -trees provided shade and plants and flowers added beauty.

How did vegetation affect people's choices of where to settle?

-plants were a source of food -people learned to make many useful products out of plants -tress provides shade from the hot sun

What were benefits of settling near the Nile River?

-provided fresh water where people could catch fish and animals to hunt -the river valley had flat areas that were good for farming -vegetation like papyrus and reeds were plentiful

Pharaoh Khufu - The Pyramid Builder

-ruled during old kingdom period -helped establish the pharaoh as central authority. He emphasized his supreme power by calling himself a god -built feet pyramid of Giza

Pharaoh Senusret I: Patron of Arts

-ruled during the Middle Kingdom -he ruled a stable, unified Egypt -arts, literature, and architecture flourished under his reign -greatest accomplishment was in religious architecture.

Pharaoh Hatshepsut: promoter in Egyptian trade

-ruled during the new kingdom -1st female pharaoh -art and architecture flourished -encouraged trade

Pharaoh Ramses II: Military leader and master builder (aka LEGO builder)

-ruled during the new kingdom -called Ramses the great and one of the most famous pharaohs -reigned more than 60 years -known for military leadership and building monuments -first person in the world to sign a treaty w another nation with Hittites -had a temple complex at Abu Simbel built

What strategies did Hatshepsut use to succeed as Egypt's first female pharaoh?

-spread stories that her father was a god -she was depicted as a man in artistic portraits -wore a beard -formed trade partnerships w other countries -had great temple built at Dayr al-Bahri

Old kingdom 2700 to 2200BCE

-strong central gov't established -pyramid and tombs built for pharaohs -age of pyramids

How did water affect people's choices of where to settle?

-used it to bathe, wash things to prevent disease -used it to grow crops -used for transportation -used for food (fishing)

What were 3 important environmental factors that greatly affected where ancient people settled?

-water -topography -vegetation

What were things created during senusret reign?

1. Jewelry 2. White chapel 3. Monuments

What were 3 periods of stability and unity in ancient Egypt?

1. Old kingdom (age of pyramids) 2. Middle Kingdom (period of reunification) 3. New kingdom (golden age)

Egypt

A nation in northeast Africa first settled around 3100 BCE

Kush

A society along the Nile River, south of Egypt, from about 2000 BCE to 350 BCE

How did the Mediterranean Sea affect Canaan? A. It brought traders to Canaan B. It provided water for crops C. It brought fresh water to the Dead Sea D. It flooded the Negev desert

A. It brought traders to Canaan

How did the desert help the people of Egypt and Kush? A. It gave protection from the invaders B. It provided fresh water for drinking C. It had such farm land for growing wheat D. It provided a pleasant climate

A. It gave protection from the invaders

Which sea in Canaan was a freshwater lake? A. Sea of gailee B. Red Sea C. Dead Sea D. Mediterranean Sea

A. Sea of gailee

What did the Mediterranean Sea allow for in Canaan?

Allowed farming and enabled traders to visit.

One of the ways that settlers used the Mediterranean Sea was for A. Irritating farmland B. Traveling to other places C. Getting drinking water D. Watering cattle

B. Traveling to other places

Why did farmers prefer to settle by the plains?

B/c it gave them room to plant crops and rich soil in the coastal plain and river valleys made it ideal to grow crops.

Where did Egyptians and Kushites settle?

By the Nile River

The Ancient Israelites settled in A. Kush B. Egypt C. Canaan D. The Nile River valley

C. Canaan

Why did the Nile River valley have better farmland than the Jordan River valley? A. The Nile River valley had plenty of rainfall B. The Jordan River valley was mostly forested C. Regular flooding made the soil more fertile. D. People transported fertile soil to the Nile River valley

C. Regular flooding made the soil more fertile

Which of these is an example of physical geography? A. Towns B. Roads C. Seas D. Farms

C. Seas

A physical feature found in Canaan was the A. Libyan desert B. Nubian desert C. Syrian desert D. Arabian desert

C. Syrian desert

An ancient farmer would have been most likely to settle in which of the following areas A. A hillside B. A forest C. Valley D. A desert

C. Valley

How did wild plants influence where people settled? A. Wild plants provided food for domesticated animals B. Ancient people made medicines with wild plants C. Wild plants provided food for humans D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which of the following was least friendly to early human settlement? A. Coastal plain B. Mountain C. Forest D. Desert

D. Desert

What was the most plentiful type of plant life in Canaan? A. Forests B. Shrubs C. Wheat D. Grasslands

D. Grasslands

How did the yearly flooding of the Nile River affect the people of Egypt and Kush? A. It caused damage to crops B. It destroyed villages C. It created inland seas D. It left silt that improved the soil

D. It left silt that improved the soil

Which of the following was a physical feature in ancient Egypt and Kush? A. A wet climate B. Farms C. Grassy plains D. The Nile River

D. The Nile River

Who settled along the Nile River (northeast corner of Asia)?

Egyptians

What were 3 civilizations were affected by geography that arose in Northern Africa and southwestern Asia?

Egyptians Kushites Israelites

How did topography affect people's choice of where to settle?

Farmers preferred flat, open area for room to plant crops. Coastal plains and river valleys had rich soil which made it ideal for growing crops Mountains hard to cross, cold temps, rocky land made farming difficult Deserts were hard to settle in bc they were hot, dry, and contained little water for farming.

The first woman pharaoh of ancient Egypt

Hatshepsut

Why were deserts hard to settle in?

Hot and dry, little water for farming.

Who built the pyramid of Giza?

Kufu

Who settled south of Egypt (southern part of the Nile River)?

Kushite

Canaan

Land northeast of Egypt. Settled by Israelites

Deserts generally have ________ vegetation than other physical geographies

Less

Where did Kushites live?

Lived to the south of Egypt

What aspects of physical geography affect vegetation?

Mild weather and regular rain. Regular rain was ideal for plant life

Vegetation

The plants of a place or region

vegetation

The plants of a place or region. Plant life/crops people grow

Shape and elevation of the land refer to

Topography

Why were mountains less friendly to settle by?

Tough to cross, cold temps, and rock land made it hard to grow crops.

Papyrus

Tough water plant. Used for roots, baskets, and paper

The most important environmental factor in early human settlement was

Water

The most important factor of human settlement is

Water

What was the key environmental factor for human settlement in Canaan?

Water

What was the most important environmental factors in early human settlement?

Water

What were environmental factors that influenced where people settled?

Water Topography Vegetation

Three important environmental factors that affect where Egyptians, Kushites, and Israelites settles were

Water, topography, and vegetation

Mediterranean Sea

a body of water north of Africa

Diverse

a group of people or things with obvious differences among them

Canaan

a land northeast of Egypt, settled by the ancient Israelites, from about 1800 B.C.E. to 70 C.E.

Egypt

a nation in northeast Africa, first settled around 3100 B.C.E.

Jordan River

a river in southwestern Asia that flows from the Lebanon Mountains, south through the Sea of Galilee, into the Dead Sea

Kush

a society along the Nile River, south of Egypt, from about 2000 B.C.E. to 350 B.C.E.

What were the Physical features of Canaan?

plains and valleys, hills and mountains, deserts and water.

Vegetation

plants

Physical Geography

the natural features on Earth's surface, such as landforms and bodies of water

Topography

the shape and elevation of surface features, such as mountains or deserts, of a place or region