World History Since 1500 Test #3
Which of the following terms best describes the term "millenarian"?
A believer in the cataclysmic destruction of a corrupt, fallen society and its replacement by an ideal, utopian future
What was the major divide in the Indian anti-colonial movement?
A break in the Hindu-Muslim alliance
The defeat of Mao Zedong's revolution was avoided in 1934 by
A flight to the north of China in the Long March
Which of the following is true of superpower economies during the Cold War?
A massive accumulation of arms caused economic troubles for both superpowers
What is one thing that the majority of alternative visions for the nineteenth century had in common?
A quest for equality
Globalization can be best defined as
A worldwide economic and social integration
Which of the following best describes the effect of World War II (and, subsequently, the three world order) on the modern state?
Across all three blocs, the nation-state was affirmed as the primary form for organizing communities and promoting economic development
Many hoping to relocate are forced to languish in refugee camps while awaiting their chance to migrate. The majority of these refugees are found in which part of the globe?
Africa
Which of the following statements about Nelson Mandela is true?
After being freed from prison, he was elected president of South Africa
Which of the following characteristics did anti-colonial movements share?
Anti-colonial movements drew inspiration from traditional cultures as a means of shaping nationalism
British efforts notwithstanding, Palestine broke out between which two groups in the late 1940s?
Arab states and Israelis
Henry Ford's contribution to mass productivity was
Assembly-line manufacturing
Ethnic and political violence during the late 20th and early 21st centuries
Became a worldwide problem, with particularly horrific incidents occurring in the Balkans and Rwanda
Hitler eventually became chancellor of Germany by
Being appointed by Germany's president
Chinese nationalists
Believed that eliminating foreign influence was the essential first step toward nationhood
The Russian Revolution eventually ushered into power
Bolsheviks
As the twentieth century dawned, cities
Boomed in population and were redesigned for modern life with trains, cultural centers, and parks
On gaining independence, many African leaders moved to
Build a modernity based on African culture
Which major country strongly resisted all calls to implement democracy even though much of the rest of the world moved in the twentieth century embrace it?
China
The Great Depression caused many to accept
Claims that the market needed government intervention to keep it in balance
African and Chinese uprisings against imperialist intrusion before 1914 taught most Europeans that
Colonized people were willing to resist western expansion
Which of the following best describes Corporatism in Latin America?
Corporatism used social groups to bridge the gap between ruling elites and the general population
Of the following, which was an outcome of World War I?
Crushing German reparation payments
Which of the following was most important to Indian nationalists seeking to define "India" as a separate nation?
Cultural traditions
Which of the following best encompasses the range of activities or interests that were a part of popular culture in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?
Dance halls, mass produced engravings, and sporting events
The Boxers in China sought to
Destroy foreigners and their influence in China
Mao Zedong's attempt to find a "third" way to modernity led to
Disastrous consequences that included mass starvation and social chaos
What have contemporary historians called the impact of the Soviet-era industrialization?
Ecocide
What was the main cause of massive migrations between the 1840s and 1914?
Economic opportunities in some places combined with social and political turmoil in others
Which of the following was the most integrated regional economy after the 1980s?
Europe, with the European Union
Which of the following is the primary cause of the famines that struck the developing world with greater frequency during the 1970s and 1980s?
Failure of governments to pay attention to rural concerns, and over reliance on export production
What is one of the factors that led to the Cuban Missile Crisis?
Fidel Castro asked for the Soviet Union's help to deter U.S. attacks
In wealthier nations, populations
Grew slowly or even shrunk because the people of wealthier nations chose to have fewer children
Which of the following criteria was most important to Sun Yat-sen as he sought to define the "Chinese" nation?
Han nationalism
Which of the following statements about Mustafa Kemal Ataturk is true?
He used a European model to develop the modern Turkish state
Which of the following were advantages of the system that operated in the Second World?
High literacy levels and pride in the superiority of the system
What qualities made Shaka a successful leader of the Zulus?
His use of violence and terror
The leaders of the Taiping Rebellion differed from earlier Chinese sectarian rebellions in which of the following ways?
Hong Xiuquan preached his doctrines openly, baptized converts, and destroyed Confucian idols publicly
The materialist theory of history advocated by Marx and Engels taught that what mattered was
How goods were produced and how forms of production shaped social relations
Which countries of the world supplied an increasing number of manufactured goods during the 1980s, undercutting the competitors?
India, China, and Brazil
The environment has become a major concern in the globalized world. Which of the following statements is true of the response to environmental crises?
Industrialists in the United States and Japan went abroad to unload hazardous waste
Which of these was the result of Usman dan Fodio's movement in Nigeria?
Islam spread in Nigeria and an Islamic empire was created
What was the impact of World War II on European world dominance?
It contributed to the sharp decline of European influence on the world
Which of the following best describes the Great War?
It demonstrated the extent to which nation-states depended on their people, wherever they lived
The Sykes-Picot Agreement did which of the following?
It divided the Arab east between Britain and France
Which of the following best describes the Shanghai School?
It mixed elements of traditional and foreign influences to create a new style of Chinese art
Which of the following answers best describes Charles Fournier's utopian socialist "system"?
It organized people into phalanxes that would preserve diversity in tasks while maintaining efficiency and making work enjoyable
Which of the following best describes the impact that imperialism had on colonized women?
It released women from some traditional forms of exploitation, like foot-binding, but produced others
Which of the following is true of Japan's "Asia for Asians" policy?
It resulted in the Japanese treating Japanese and Korean people with brutality
Which of the following statements about the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt is true?
It rose to prominence after the British arrested and exiled the nationalist leader Sa'd Zaghlul and then prevented his party from exercising power
Fighting in Europe during the Great War can be described in which of the following ways?
It showed little movement as it soon became mired in a defensive deadlock
Which of the following answers best describes nationalism in Europe?
It slowly gained strength over the nineteenth century by pushing education and culture to unify "the nation"
Which of the following best describes the OPEC oil embargo in 1973?
It was aimed at pressuring Israel's allies and created a crisis in the West
In today's globalized world, the feature that most profoundly distinguishes rich and poor is one's access to
Knowledge and communications
Which of the following best describes how various European people living through the Great Depression thought about government systems?
Liberalism was in decline, and authoritarianism provided better solutions to the problems plaguing daily life
What convinced J.P. Morgan and the United States government that oversight of the banking system was needed?
Morgan's personal losses, which exceeded $20 million, after the collapse of more than 500 American banks
Why did rates of HIV and AIDS stabilize in Europe and North America but continue to spread in developing countries?
New treatments and drugs that kept the virus under control were very expensive
The "alternative" versions of the nineteenth century described in this chapter all included ideas revolving around
Opposing authority and protecting local community
The main tenet of Soviet socialism under Joseph Stalin was
Opposition to capitalism
Which of the following is an example of Third World collaboration?
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Companies (OPEC)
The Wahhabi Movement in the Middle East Sought to institute pure Islam and challenge the rule of the _____ Empire
Ottoman
The last African territories under direct European control were
Portuguese colonies in southern and western Africa
The International Monetary Fund helped poorer nations pay their debts but required in return that they
Produce balanced budgets and give up subsidies on essential products, among other things
In what ways did the rise of radio and film help authoritarian regimes?
Radio and film offered new and effective mechanisms for mass propaganda
NGOs such as Amnesty International
Reached a new level of influence in the 1970s
During the mid-1940s, India's nationalist movement split along _____ lines
Religious
Solidarity in Poland and Gorbachev's rule in the Soviet Union
Represented the beginning of the end for communist control in the Soviet Union
The relationship between the resistance movements that were led by colonized peoples and the suppression of those movements by European imperialists can be best described in which of the following ways?
Resistance movements and suppression of those movements occurred in an escalating cycle
In the War of 1812, Native Americans led by Tecumseh
Supported the British in hopes of checking American expansionism
What event or events sparked the Rebellion of 1857 in India?
The "greased cartridge" controversy
Based on the information provided in map 18.1, which of the following regions saw the largest population increase between 1700 and 1900?
The Americas
In Asia, where no line distinguished the democratic from the communist states, wars broke out regularly. Which of the following was an Asian war which sought to stop the spread of communist forced?
The Korean War
Which of the following answers is true of the Caste War of the Yucatan?
The Maya enjoyed initial success, only to have their vision of autonomy vanquished in the end
The group allied to the Wahhabi Movement leaders was the House of Saud of
The Najd region of the Arabian Peninsula
Which of the following was the first country to turn back Hitler's armies?
The Soviet Union
The Mexican Revolution's most lasting legacy was
The creation of rural communes for Mexico's peasantry
Discussions of race before 1914 often asserted all but which of the following?
The identities of peoples and nations were deeply rooted and unchangeable
The goal of Pan movements in the early twentieth century was
The political unification of dispersed communities through the rearrangement of borders
Which change greatly contributed to the globalization of finance in the late twentieth century?
The removal of the dollar from the gold standard
How did globalization impact women's lives around the world?
The rise of feminist movements led to global conferences that convened to address issues in women's lives and working conditions
Authoritarian regimes shared which of the following features?
The use of terror against their own citizens
Which of the following are examples of movements that developed in the First World in the decades after World War II?
The women's movement, the civil rights movement, and the environmental movement
In general terms, both the United States and the Soviet Union believed about their respective ideologies of liberal capitalism and communism
Their own system had universal applicability, but the opposite one did not
What effect did increasing opportunities in education and employment have on the lives of upper- and middle-class women in the West in the period prior to 1914?
They had greater economic and social independence
Which of the following best describes early anti-colonial movements in Africa?
They included actions such as electing fully African candidates to office and demanding better schools
What effect did the spread of railways have on communities?
They offered faster transport but ruined towns that happened to be left off the lines
Which of the following best describes "Jim Crow" laws in the United States?
They segregated blacks and whites
Which of the following goals best describes what European radicals sought to accomplish?
To completely reconfigure the old regime's state system
Which of the following best describes what the European liberals sought to accomplish?
To limit state power while expanding that of the individual
What was the primary goal of the Fourth World Conference on women?
To produce "a platform for action" regarding women's rights in politics, business, education, and health
Which of the following best describes the goal of the Marshall Plan?
To rebuild Europe's shattered economies and to prevent the spread of communism
Which of the following best describes what European reactionaries sought to accomplish?
To return to the world that existed before the French Revolution
The Anglo-Boer War was fought between
Two white states in Africa
Attempting to keep part of their colonial empire intact, the French fought bloody wars in
Vietnam and Algeria
The Cuban Missile Crisis
brought the United States and the Soviet Union perilously close to nuclear war
During the 1930s, which three visions competed for the right to define what "modernity" meant?
liberal democratic, authoritarian, and anti-colonial