World History Study Guide Review

What action did Martin Luther take to begin the protestant Reformation?

He posted the 95 Theses to a church door in Germany.

How did Henry VIII react when the Pope refused to annul his marriage?

He took over the English church.

Sun-centered theory of the universe is

Heliocentric theory

Who is given the title "Defender of the Faith"?

Henry VIII

Ties between the Catholic Church and England were weakened by...

Henry VIII's decision to divorce or annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon.

Which type of government was created in England as a result of the English Civil War?

Limited Monarchy

Who put forth the idea of the Heliocentric Model?

Copernicus

This Act taxed all paper goods.

Stamp Act

Why was the phrase "no taxation without representation" so important to the revolutionary cause?

Colonists did not wish to support a government in which they had no voice.

What was England known as under the leadership of Oliver Cromwell?

Commonwealth

Of the quotes below, which would most likely have been said by Baron de Montesquieu?

"To achieve liberty, there must be a separation of power in government."

In Europe, a major characteristic of humanism was...

A focus on the basic human needs and values.

The purchase of a certificated of indulgence was supposed to provide...

A reduction of punishment for sins.

One factor that enabled the Renaissance to flourish in Italy was that the region had...

A wealthy class that invested in the arts.

Which of the following concepts is NOT found in the passage above?

All forms of government will eventually be altered by destructive powers.

"No taxation without representation" can be most easily associated with which of the following?

An angry colonists in any of the thirteen colonies.

What is the New Church of England known as under the reign of King Henry VIII?

Anglican Church

During the English Civil War, Roundheads were?

Angry at Charles I.

To cancel or invalidate.

Annul

Before William and Mary could be crowned what several acts did they have to accept?

Bill of Rights

What incident in 1770 involved the attack on five Boston colonists by British soldiers?

Boston Massacre

Refusing to purchase goods.

Boycott

What was the greatest contributing factor to strain relations between the Thirteen Colonies and Great Britain during the 1760s?

Britain's enforcement of taxes on the Thirteen Colonies/

According to the map above, which Revolutionary War battle was NOT fought west of the Appalachian Mountains?

Camden

Which one of King Henry VIII's wives listed below did NOT produce him an heir?

Catherine Howard

Which of the following is the FIRST wide of Henry VIII?

Catherine of Aragon

Which two groups fought in the English Civil War?

Cavaliers and Roundheads

Restricting access to ideas and information.

Censorship

Who was the first ruling monarch to be tried and killed by his people?

Charles I

The passage above is essentially saying which of the following?

Citizens have freedom of choice and decision. within the confines of the law.

Who would say, "I disapprove of what you say but will defend you right to say it"?

Denis Diderot

Gutenberg helped the spread of Renaissance and Reformation ideas by..

Developing a revolutionary printing method.

A belief that a monarch's authority comes directly from God.

Divine Right

Until the early 1600s, most people believed ________ was the center of the universe.

Earth

The colonists did NOT win the American Revolution.

False

Who were allies of the colonists during the revolution?

France

Which of the following ruler was not viewed as an enlightened despot?

George III

What type of warfare was used by the colonists?

Guerrilla

For what reason would this cartoon be drawn in regard to the thirteen colonies?

If the colonies were to achieve independence, they must work and fight together against Great Britain.

Giving money in exchange for the lessening of sins.

Indulgence

Who created the law of gravity?

Isaac Newton

What is the main idea Paine is attempting to convey through his passage above?

It is a foolish idea to believe that people can be rules by an outside, foreign power.

The Renaissance began in the city-states of this European country..

Italy

Which of the following is NOT one of Henry VIII's children?

James I

This astronomer is known for his planetary motion discovery of oval orbits.

Johannes Kepler

Which religious reformer wrote a book providing advice on how to organize and run Protestant church?

John Calvin

Which of the following word groups is most easily associated with Baron de Montesquieu?

Judicial, executive, and legislative

Who added to the Heliocentric Model, stating that the orbit of plants are oval-shaped?

Kepler

Colonists who remained loyal to Great Britain were called?

Loyalists

Which leader started the Protestant Reformation by speaking out against the abuses of the church and the sale of indulgences in the Ninety-five Theses?

Martin Luther

Early supporter of women's rights was..

Mary Wollstonecraft

One company controls an entire industry.

Monopoly

This philosophe separated the government into three branches of government and argues for separation of powers.

Montesquieu

Rights that belong to all humans from birth.

Natural Rights

John Locke believed that the government had an obligation to the people it government to protect their natural rights. If the government failed to dos this then the people had the right to..

Overthrow the government

Making distant objects smaller than those closer to the viewer.

Perspective

The pamphlet, Common Sense, by Thomas Paine, aided the American cause in the Revolutionary War because it

Persuaded individuals who were undecided to support independence.

Reforms focusing on government, law, and society.

Philosophe

The idea that God long ago determined long ago who would gain salvation.

Predestination

The English Bill of Rights

Prohibited Parliament from being dissolved without their consent.

Which event in European history was most directly influence by these individuals?

Protestant Reformation

Which major movement in European history started with the idea expressed in this statement?

Protestant Reformation

This was set up to allow British troops to stay in civilian homes.

Quartering Act

Renaissance means

Rebirth

To give up one's views or beliefs.

Recant

The quote above shows which one of the following policies that was allowed by Frederick the Great?

Religious tolerance

The age of great change marked by a cultural rebirth with renewed interest in classical learning and the arts is called the....

Renaissance

This quotation could best used to support which generalization?

Renaissance artists were interested in portraying anatomy accurately.

Luther believed that

Salvation could be achieved through faith alone.

Sir Isaac Newton, Galileo Galilei, and Johannes Kepler are all directly associated with the?

Scientific Revolution

Luther criticized the Roman Catholic Church for

Selling Indulgences

How did Elizabeth I resolve the conflicts of the English Reformation?

She established a middle ground between Protestants and Catholic practices.

The willingness of people to hand over their rights to a ruler in exchange for law and order in society was called the..

Social contract

Which of the following was written by Denis Diderot in order to promote knowledge?

The Encyclopedia

Which statement concerning the Renaissance in Europe is based on opinion rather than on fact?

The art of the Northern Renaissance was superior to that of the Italian Renaissance.

According to the passage, what does Martin Luther not accept?

The authority of popes and councils.

Which of the following statements best summarizes the events?

The common people were concerned about heaven.

Adam Smith argued which of the following?

The government should not be allowed to regulate business activity.

With which of the following statements would Adam Smith agree?

The government should stay out of economic issues whenever possible.

Which of the following is NOT one of Martin Luther's religious beliefs?

The pope and church leaders have special powers.

Which of the following best describes the concept of laissez-faire?

The principle that business should operate without government interference.

Which of the following was an effect of the printing revolution in the 1500s?

The spread of new ideas.

A government run by religious leaders.

Theocracy

What set enlightened despots apart from other monarchs of their time?

They used their power and influence to positively impact the lives of their citizens.

Which of the following was NOT an advantage of the British in the revolutionary war?

Troops knowing the terrain

An ideal society where men and women live in peace and harmony.

Utopia

The language of everyday people.

Vernacular

The words "all men are created equal" originally benefited primarily?

White, male property owners.

Enriched the English language.

William Shakespeare