World Regional Geography: Chapter 2

Pangaea was a) a deep ocean trench created by colliding plates b) an area of active earthquakes and volcanoes c) a supercontinent centered on present-day Africa d) an area of colliding plates that formed the Himalaya Mountains e) the divergent plate that created the Rocky Mountains in North America

c

The Unites States currently consumes roughly what percent of the world's oil? a) 5% b) 10% c) 20% d) 25% e) 50%

c

The deepest trenches in the world exceed what depth? a) 15000 feet b) 25000 feet c) 35000 feet d) 50000 feet e) 250000 feet

c

The global leader in nuclear energy consumption is a) France b) Russia c) United States d) Canada e) China

c

The inter-tropical convergence zone is most found straddling the a) Arctic Circle b) Tropic of Cancer c) Equator d) Tropic of Capricorn e) Antarctic Circle

c

An assemblage of local plants, animals, and insects covering a large area such as a tropical rainforest or a grassland is called a a) bioregion b) bionicle c) biosphere d) biogeography e) biore

a

Anthropogenic pollution is caused by a) people b) animals c) climate d) rocks e) anthropologists

a

At Kyoto in 1997, what did the 30 Western industrialized countries legally agree to do? a) reduce emissions of greenhouse gases to 1990 levels b) voluntarily limit greenhouse gas emissions c) finance further studies to determine the cause of climate change d) censure China for exceeding its carbon limits e) reduce emissions of greenhouse gases by half

a

If all climatic controls except latitude were held constant, which of these cities would be the warmest? a) Singapore b) Wasilla, Alaska c) Paris, France d) Cape Town, South Africa e) Punta Arenas, Chile

a

If the greenhouse effect did not exist, what would happen to earth? a) Earth would be too cold to support life as we know it b) Earth would be much too hot to support life as we know it c) Earth would be too wet to support life as we know it d) Our environment would be greatly improved e) It would make no difference

a

Proven reserves of oil are determined by a) deposits that are possible to mine and be distributed under current economic and technological conditions b) identified areas of possible fossil fuels c) an estimate of oil deposits not yet discovered d) the total of all deposits that have been mined e) the estimated remaining deposits of the resources

a

The equatorial regions of the African continent are dominated by which two climate categories? a) Af/Aw - tropical rainy and tropical savanna b) Aw/Cs - tropical savanna and Mediterranean c) BS/BW - steppe and desert d) Af/Ca - tropical rainy and humid subtropical e) ET/EF - tundra and ice cap

a

The majority of China's renewable energy comes from a) coal b) solar c) hydropower d) wind e) nuclear

c

The movement of air over a mountain range, causing it to cool (and possibly rain) as it gains elevation is known as a) convection b) convergence c) orographic d) climatic e) dynamic

c

The rich diversity of plants and animals on Earth is known as a) bioregion b) bionicle c) biodiversity d) biogeography e) biome

c

Using the environment lapse rate of 3.5 F/1000 feet, if you have a surface temperature of 77.5 F at sea level and go hiking in the nearby mountains to an elevation of 3000 feet, what will the temperature be at that elevation? a) 0 F b) 60 F c) 67 F d) 73.5 F e) 88 F

c

Which global region has the highest overall water stress? a) North America b) Europe c) Australia d) North Africa e) Southeast Asia

d

Which of the following is NOT created along convergent plate boundaries? a) deep trenches b) the world's most powerful earthquakes c) mountain ranges and active volcanoes d) rift valleys e) a subduction zone

d

With climate zone will have evergreen and deciduous forests? a) tropical monsoon b) Mediterranean c) human subtropical d) humid continental e) tundra

d

A maritime climate is characterized by a) hot summers b) mild summers c) cold winters d) mild winters e) mild summers and mild winters

e

Arctic latitudes will have what type of vegetation? a) tropical rain forest b) tropical grasslands c) evergreen forests d) deciduous forests e) tundra

e

Computer models predict that average global temperatures will increase ___ by 2020. a) 1 F b) 4 F c) 10 F d) -2 F e) 3.6 F

e

Haiti's 2008 earthquake resulted in over 230,000 deaths whereas Japan's 2011 earthquake resulted in 20,000 deaths. What explains the differences in loss of life? a) effectiveness of search and rescue operations b) strength of the earthquake c) in Haiti there was also a tsunami that followed the earthquake d) local building standards e) effectiveness of search and rescue operations and local building standards

e

The largest current producer of natural gas is a) Russia b) Canada c) Iran d) Qatar e) United States

e

Where are grasslands most likely to occur? a) tropical forests b) temperature forests c) coniferous forests d) tundra e) steppes

e

Which chain of volcanic islands are far removed from a plate boundary? a) Philippines b) Iceland c) Indonesia d) Japan e) Hawaii

e

Which of the following features is created at a divergent plate boundary? a) subduction zone b) mountain building at the margin of the continent c) oceanic trench d) continental crust e) rift valleys

e

Which of the following forests are made up of cone-bearing trees? a) tropical rainforest b) tropical savanna c) deciduous d) polar e) evergreen

e

Which of the following has NOT been a result of the introduction of the Well WaterWheel in rural India? a) a decrease in the school dropout rate among young girls b) a reduction in the number of hours a week spent carrying water c) an increase in female literacy d) a reduction in neck and back problems among women e) an increase in the amount of water available for agriculture

e

Which of the following pairs are a renewable energy source? a) coal and wind b) wind and natural gas c) solar and natural gas d) hydrologic and oil e) wind and solar

e

Which of the following places will have the greatest annual difference between summer and winter temperatures? a) San Francisco, California b) Miami, Florida c) Orlando, Florida d) Sacramento, California e) Fargo, North Dakota

e

The immense pressure humans have placed on various global bioregions has given rise to what phenomenon? a) novel ecosystems b) biodiversity c) increased precipitation d) old-growth forests e) tree hybrids

a

The nation with the greatest percentage of global proven oil reserves is a) Venezuela b) Saudi Arabia c) Canada d) Iran e) Iraq

a

What is a problem with power generated by wind or sun? a) It can create power surges that endanger the power grid b) It requires constant sun or wind c) Energy cannot be transferred from sunny or windy areas to other areas d) It results in extensive disruption of local power sources e) Governments rarely give tax subsidies to renewable energy industries

a

What percent of the world's power is generated form renewable sources? a) 10% b) 5% c) 7% d) 3% e) 20%

a

What percentage of Earth's freshwater is accessible in surface rivers and lakes? a) 1% b) 10% c) 30% d) 70% e) 97%

a

What percentage of Earth's water is freshwater? a) 3% b) 20% c) 40% d) 75% e) 97%

a

Which of the following is a fossil fuel? a) petroleum b) wood c) hydrogen/fuel cell d) ethanol e) nuclear energy

a

Equatorial regions are characterized by a ___ pressure system and ___ air flow a) low, descending b) low, ascending c) high, descending d) high, ascending e) neutral, no

b

Most of the world's power is generated by a) coal b) oil c) natural gas d) nuclear e) hydropower

b

The Himalayas are a prime example of which feature? a) divergent boundary b) convergent boundary c) transform fault d) rift valley e) subduction zone

b

The UN reports that how many children die each day from unsafe water and lack of basic sanitation? a) 400 b) 4000 c) 100 d) 40000 e) 10000

b

The United States produces ___% of the global supply of coal but currently consumes ___% of the global demand. a) 10.3%, 26.6% b) 11.9%, 10.3% c) 26.6%, 11.9% d) 26.6%, 10.3% e) 11.9%, 26.6%

b

The desert/grassland biome is found primarily where? a) along the Equator b) in lower to mid-latitudes in both hemispheres c) exclusively in Africa and Asia d) in polar latitudes e) along coastal regions in tropical regions of the world

b

The long-term average from daily weather measurements is a) weather b) climate c) climograph d) insolation e) global warming

b

The primary gatherers of water in the developing world are a) young boys b) women and children c) elderly people of both sexes d) able-bodies young men e) small children of both sexes

b

The root systems of trees in tropical rain forests expand outward from the tree because a) there is a shortage of rainfall in the region tends to prohibit effective plant growth b) the mineral content of the soil is shallow and hence roots expand laterally rather than vertically to exploit the shallow nutrient layer c) the ground layer of vegetation in tropical forests is so thick so the roots extract nutrients from the vegetation d) the ground temperatures in tropical forests are too high to allow for deep roots e) the trees are very short and do not need deep roots

b

The trapping of solar radiation in Earth's lower atmosphere a) is entirely anthropogenic b) is called the greenhouse effect c) has no benefits d) began with humans' use of fossil fuels e) began with humans' use of fossil fuels and has no benefits

b

The tropical location of Africa sitting astride the equator makes it a prime location for the expansion of which renewable energy industry? a) coal b) solar c) hydropower d) wind e) nuclear

b

Tropical winds generally blow in which direction in both hemispheres? a) from west to east b) from east to west c) from south to north d) from north to south e) there are no prevailing wind directions in the tropics

b

What is the theory of plate tectonics? a) Earth was created 6000 years ago b) Earth is made up of a large number of geological plates that move slowly across its surface c) Human activities are changing Earth's surface d) The number of tectonic plates equals the number of continents on Earth e) Earth's continents are moving closer together

b

What major industrial power currently generates 20% of its total energy budget from renewable resources? a) Great Britain b) Germany c) Denmark d) China e) United States

b

Which atmospheric gas is closely linked to the greenhouse effect? a) chlorofluorocarbons b) carbon dioxide c) methane d) nitrous oxide e) ozone

b

Which of the following is NOT one of Earths' climate controls? a) incoming solar energy b) longitude c) latitude d) land-water heating differences e) global pressure systems and wind patterns

b

Which of the following locales will feature subduction zones? a) East Africa b) the Pacific Coast of South America c) Iceland d) the Himalayan Mountains e) Pangea

b

Beneath Earth's surface, where does the heat exchange occur that moves tectonic plates? a) continental crust b) ocean trenches c) convection cells d)subducting plates e) mid-ocean ridge

c

Groundwater accounts for what percentage of Earth's freshwater? a) 3% b) 20% c) 30% d) 75% e) 97%

c

Hydraulic fracturing (fracking) is a) a new technique of producing power using water b) the use of cold fusion to produce nuclear power c) a technique which forces oil and gas out of shale rock d) an experimental technique for extracting oil from the ocean floor e) a long-established technique of drilling for water that dates back centuries

c

In which bioregion at low latitudes has a climate in which rain falls for only a part of the year? a) Mediterranean b) tropical rainforest c) tropical savanna d) steppe e) deciduous forests

c

What is the primary reason that global energy demand is forecast to increase 40% by 2030? a) the United States consumption of energy is predicted to increase dramatically b) due to immigration, Europe's consumption will rise c) the further industrialization of developing economies d) Japan's increased energy usage e) the movement away from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources will lead to more demand

c

Where are earthquakes and volcanoes most commonly found? a) in the higher latitudes b) at the edges of oceans c) along tectonic plate boundaries d) around the equator e) the location is random

c

Where are most tropical rainforests located? a) near the north pole b) near the south pole c) near the equator d) in the middle latitudes e) their location is random

c

Which of the following statements is FALSE about volcanoes a) volcanoes are found in site-specific places on Earth, most notably along plate boundaries b) volcanoes are an excellent source of geothermal energy c) volcanoes tend to generate very poor soils for agriculture d) volcanoes usually provide an array of warnings before they erupt, thus minimizing the loss of life should humans heed the warnings e) volcanism may provide tourism revenue due to the scenic beauty of the landscape

c

Which two nations are both among the top five consumers of oil, coal, and natural gas? a) Russia and China b) Russia and the United States c) China and the United States d) India and the United States

c

An example on Earth of a rift valley is a) the San Andreas fault of California b) Iceland c) the Andes Mountains of South America d) the Red Sea between northern Africa and Saudi Arabia e) the Mariana Trench

d

Cape Town, South Africa at about 34 south latitude has what type of climate? a) Af - tropical rainy b) Aw - tropical savanna c) BW - desert d) Cs - Mediterranean e) ET - Tundra

d

Fossil fuels a) are evenly distributed around the world b) comprise roughly 50% of current global energy needs c) are a renewable energy source d) are linked to environmental damage, most notable the emission of greenhouse gases e) include wind, solar, and natural gas

d

The San Andreas Fault, traversing coastal California, forms what type of plate boundary? a) subduction zone b) colliding plate boundary c) divergent plate boundary d) transform fault e) divergent plate boundary and subduction zone

d

The majority of the African continent is dominated by which three bioregions? a) tropical rainforest, desert, and tundra b) evergreen forest, tropical rainforest, and desert c) temperature deciduous forest, tropical rain forest, and evergreen forest d) tropical rainforest, tropical savanna, and desert e) evergreen forest, tundra, and ice

d

The world's pressure systems are responsible for a) a greater intensity of solar energy at the equator b) mild summer and winter temperatures along coast lines c) severe winters in interior regions d) warm, rainless summer of Mediterranean climates e) mild summers/winters along coasts and severe winters in interior regions

d

Tropical savanna bioregions are found in which climate type? a) BW b) Cs c) Af d) Aw e) Am

d

What country generates almost all of its power from renewable sources? a) Great Britain b) Germany c) Denmark d) Iceland e) Sweden

d

What geologic structure is created when one tectonic plate dives below another? a) continental crust b) ocean trenches c) convergent plate boundary d) subduction zone e) divergent plate boundary

d

What percent of the world's total species could be extinct by 2050? a) 5% b) 25% c) 35% d) 50% e) 95%

d

What percentage of Earth's freshwater is locked up in polar ice caps? a) 3% b) 20% c) 30% d) 70% e) 97%

d

What percentage of the African population will likely experience water stress by 2025? a) 10% b) 25% c) 50% d) 75% e) 95%

d

What type of bioregion is most often found along the equator? a) broadleaf or mixed broadleaf and coniferous forest b) coniferous forest c) tundra d) tropical forests e) Mediterranean woodland

d

What water policy, advocated by the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, has made it more difficult for some people to gain access to water? a) government regulation b) the Kyoto protocol c) irrigation d) privitization e) UN convention on the law of the sea

d