04/07/2023 9:30am CWI Part A Fundamentals
Ductility is represented by what two results of the tensile test? Select one: a. Tensile strength and yield strength b. Yield point and yield strength c. % elongation and yield d. % elongation and reduction of area
d. % elongation and reduction of area
What numbered filter plate is recommended to be used in spectacles and safety goggles for general purpose protection? Select one: a. 4 b. 5 c. 3 d. 2
d. 2
What is the maximum dimension of an elongated discontinuity in a longitudinal tubular CJP groove weld at an intersection of a circumferential weld and located by RT in a tubular joint? Select one: a. Greater than the one third the weld size or greater than 1/4 inch for welds of 2 inches or less in size b. Less than the one third the weld size or less than 1/4 inch for welds of greater than 2 inches in size c. Greater than the one third the weld size or greater than 1/4 inch for welds of 2 inches or less in size d. Less than the one third the weld size or less than or equal to 1/4 inch for welds of 2 inches or less in size
d. Less than the one third the weld size or less than or equal to 1/4 inch for welds of 2 inches or less in size
In what Section of the ASME Code are the filler metal specifications found? Select one: a. Section II, Part D b. Section III c. none of these d. Section II, Part C e. Section IX
d. Section II, Part C
Which Section of the ASME Code covers qualification of welders? Select one: a. Section XI b. Section V c. Section III d. Section IX e. Section VIII
d. Section IX
Which of the following generally follows quenching? Select one: a. Stress relief b. Annealing c. Quenching d. Tempering e. Normalizing
d. Tempering
If there is a number "2" in the next to last digit position in the SMAW filler metal classification, it indicates that: Select one: a. None of these b. The electrode can be used in the flat position only. c. The electrode can be used in all positions. d. The electrode can be used in the flat (grooves and fillets) and horizontal (fillets) position. e. The electrode can be used in any two (2) welding positions.
d. The electrode can be used in the flat (grooves and fillets) and horizontal (fillets) position.
The point at which a metal's behavior changes from elastic to plastic (onset of permanent deformation) is referred to as: Select one: a. modulus of elasticity b. ultimate tensile strength c. young's modulus d. yield point/strength e. elastic limit
d. yield point/strength
Which of the following magnetizing methods produce a circular magnetic field in the test piece? Select one: a. prod b. head shot c. none of these d. all of these e. passing an electrical current through the part
d. all of these
Which of the following generally follows quenching? Select one: a. Normalizing b. Stress relief c. Annealing d. Quenching e. Tempering
e. Tempering
Which of the following results in the softest structure? Select one: a. Annealing b. Stress relief c. Quenching d. Normalizing e. Tempering
a. Annealing
With respect to the heat affected zone, thin materials and low restraint will result in: Select one: a. Slower cooling rates, increased distortion and decreased residual stress b. Slower cooling rates, decreased distortion and increased residual stress c. Faster cooling rates, decreased distortion and increased residual stress d. Faster cooling rates, increased distortion and decreased residual stress e. None of these
a. Slower cooling rates, increased distortion and decreased residual stress
What is thermal expansion? Select one: a. The increase in volume of metal due to increased temperature b. The change in shape of metal as it becomes malleable near the liquid state c. The ability of metal to deform without breaking d. The increase in temperature of metal adjacent to the weld
a. The increase in volume of metal due to increased temperature
Select one: a. The movement of the atoms increases in both speed and distance b. The shape of the atoms changes from square to round c. More electrons separate from the atoms d. Both The movement of the atoms increases in both speed and distance and more electrons separate from the atoms
a. The movement of the atoms increases in both speed and distance
Which of the following terms is defined as the load per square inch of the original cross-sectional area that causes a marked increase in extension without increase in the load? Select one: a. Yield strength/Yield point b. None of the above c. Ultimate tensile strength d. Tensile strength
a. Yield strength/Yield point
In Charpy testing, the test data can be reported as: Select one: a. all of these b. percent shear c. offset data d. foot pounds energy absorbed e. lateral expansion
a. all of these
The type of strength related to a metal's behavior when the load is applied in a cyclic manner is: Select one: a. fatigue b. torsional c. impact d. compressive e. tensile
a. fatigue
To improve the low temperature properties of carbon steels, the most likely alloy addition would be: Select one: a. nickel b. manganese c. chromium d. carbon e. none of these
a. nickel
A number to the right of a nondestructive testing symbol refers to the: Select one: a. the length of weld to be tested b. the applicable quality standard c. the test procedure to use d. none of these e. number of tests to perform
a. the length of weld to be tested
Hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen can all cause embrittlement in carbon steels. Select one: a. true b. false
a. true
Ductility is represented by what two results of the tensile test? Select one: a. % elongation and reduction of area b. Tensile strength and yield strength c. % elongation and yield d. Yield point and yield strength
a. % elongation and reduction of area
Which type of magnetizing current provides the best iron particle mobility? Select one: a. AC b. all of these c. DCEP d. DC and DCEP e. DC
a. AC
An E6010 electrode should be used with: Select one: a. DC reverse polarity b. AC or DC any polarity c. DC straight polarity d. AC only
a. DC reverse polarity
In what steels is it common to find grains of delta ferrite at room temperature? Select one: a. Fully austenitic stainless steels b. Martensitic stainless c. Certain chromium-nickel stainless steels d. Ferritic straight chromium steels
a. Fully austenitic stainless steels
Which statement below correctly describes "Transition Current"? Select one: a. Increasing current when using GMAW to change transfer mode from globular to spray b. Decreasing current when using GMAW to change transfer mode from globular to spray c. Increasing current when using FCAW to change transfer mode from globular to spray d. Decreasing current when using FCAW to change transfer mode from globular to spray
a. Increasing current when using GMAW to change transfer mode from globular to spray
Rapid cooling of a steel from the austenitic range results in a hard, brittle structure known as: Select one: a. Martensite b. Carbide c. Bainite d. Cementite e. Pearlite
a. Martensite
Which of the following methods is not an accepted method for determining yield point? Select one: a. Onset method b. Total strain method using extensometer c. Offset method d. Drop of the beam method
a. Onset method
Ductility can be determined by which of the following test: Select one: a. Tensile Test: Reduction in the area b. Tensile Test: Percentage expansion c. Free Bend Test: Reduction in the area d. Impact Test: Mils Longitudinal Compression
a. Tensile Test: Reduction in the area
When metal freezes, what determines the initial configuration of the lattice structure of the metal changing from the liquid to the solid state? Select one: a. The lattice structure of the adjacent metal which is already in the solid state b. The shape of the surrounding area c. The original structure of the material d. The magnetic field
a. The lattice structure of the adjacent metal which is already in the solid state
Which NDT method is most likely to reveal subsurface laminations in a rolled plate? Select one: a. UT b. none of these c. RT d. MT e. ET
a. UT
Which of the following tests are referred to as microhardness tests? Select one: a. Vickers and Knoop b. Vickers c. Knoop d. Rockwell e. Rockwell and Vickers
a. Vickers and Knoop
Generally, as strength increases for carbon steels, the ductility: Select one: a. decreases b. is not related to strength c. stays the same d. none of these e. increases
a. decreases
The Brinell hardness test is always a destructive test. Select one: a. false b. true
a. false
A technique used in a multiple layer weld deposit where each successive layer is longer than the previous one is called: Select one: a. Backstep sequence b. Cascade sequence c. Box sequence d. Block sequence e. Stagger sequence
b. Cascade sequence
For welding purposes, how may protective oxide layers be removed from aluminum and magnesium? Select one: a. Both chemically remove the layer before welding and use of straight polarity when welding assists in breaking down oxide layers b. Chemically remove the layer before welding c. Use of straight polarity when welding assists in breaking down oxide layers d. Brush with brush previously used on carbon steel
b. Chemically remove the layer before welding
What welding process produces welds in the flat position, in a single pass, with the progression vertically upward along the joint? Select one: a. SAW and ESW b. ESW c. SAW d. FCAW e. SAW and FCAW
b. ESW
You are to inspect welds made by GMAW in the short circuiting mode for compliance with AWS D1.1, Structural Welding Code. What factor must you consider? Select one: a. Process does not give complete penetration and is prohibited by this code. b. Joint welding procedure must be qualified by tests c. Process is pre-qualified; inspect only for cracks d. Joint welding procedure must be qualified by tests and Process does not give complete penetration and is prohibited by this code.
b. Joint welding procedure must be qualified by tests
For a V-groove weld, which of these welding processes requires the widest angle? Select one: a. SAW b. OAW c. GTAW d. FCAW
b. OAW
What is the heating element in electroslag welding? Select one: a. The base metal b. The conductive slag c. The welding arc d. The electrode
b. The conductive slag
How is stress induced by the thermal effects of welding? Select one: a. The welding rod exerts force against the base metal b. The lattice structure is distorted by non-uniform heating and cooling of the metal c. Molten metal is unable to support a load d. Shrinkage of atoms when returning to BCC form
b. The lattice structure is distorted by non-uniform heating and cooling of the metal
What is the major factor in determining the degree of diffusion? Select one: a. The intensity of the magnetic field b. The temperature of the metal c. The chemistry of each of the metals d. The presence of chemicals which react with the metal
b. The temperature of the metal
Of the following types of documents, which have general acceptance in the welding industry? Select one: a. contracts b. all of these c. specifications d. standards e. drawings
b. all of these
Which of the following methods for controlling materials in a fabrication shop is most suitable for automation? Select one: a. heat number transfer b. bar coding c. color coding d. alpha-numeric coding
b. bar coding
Notch toughness and impact strength are not synonymous. Select one: a. true b. false
b. false
The property of metals that describes their resistance to indentation is called: Select one: a. ductility b. hardness c. toughness d. strength e. none of these
b. hardness
The American Welding Society has developed how many welding codes? Select one: a. four b. nine c. two d. one e. three
b. nine
To produce a smoother arc action, covered electrodes for AC welding contain special ingredients called: Select one: a. Filler metals b. Arc stabilizers c. Deoxidizers d. Static suppressors
b. Arc stabilizers
What term is defined as a combined longitudinal and buildup sequence for a continuous multiple pass weld in which separated lengths are completely or partially built up in cross-section before intervening lengths are deposited? Select one: a. Cascade sequence b. Block sequence c. Interpass/layering technique d. Boxing
b. Block sequence
The FCAW process, used with CO2 shielding gas at DCRP results in: Select one: a. Shallow penetration b. Deep penetrating qualities into the weld root c. Welds with no defects d. Slow uneconomical welding
b. Deep penetrating qualities into the weld root
A brazed joint shows erratic traces of filler, suggesting improper cleaning. What inspection method will show whether the joint is sound without destroying the brazed piece? Select one: a. Torsion test b. Eddy current c. Peel test d. Shear wave
b. Eddy current
In which way does the presence of hydrogen adversely affect the welding process? Select one: a. It will degrades the structure of the atomic cell b. It causes cracking c. It causes porosity d. It causes laminations and striations
b. It causes cracking
You are to inspect welds made by GMAW in the short circuiting mode for compliance with AWS D1.1, Structural Welding Code. What factor must you consider? Select one: a. Process does not give complete penetration and is prohibited by this code. b. Joint welding procedure must be qualified by tests c. Joint welding procedure must be qualified by tests and Process does not give complete penetration and is prohibited by this code. d. Process is pre-qualified; inspect only for cracks
b. Joint welding procedure must be qualified by tests
Which of the following can be accomplished using either thermal or mechanical techniques? Select one: a. Normalizing b. Stress relief c. Quenching d. Annealing e. Tempering
b. Stress relief
The type of strength related to a metal's behavior when the load is applied in a cyclic manner is: Select one: a. impact b. fatigue c. torsional d. compressive e.tensile
b. fatigue
What MT technique could be used for the discovery of longitudinal flaws? Select one: a. side shot b. head shot (circular magnetism) c. head shot and side shot d. side shot and coil shot e. coil shot (longitudinal magnetization)
b. head shot (circular magnetism)
The ductility of weld metal refers to its: Select one: a. Brittleness b. Resistance to deformation c. Ability to plastically deform up to the point of rupture d. Hardness e. Elasticity
c. Ability to plastically deform up to the point of rupture
By which of the following methods can crystallizing structures be transformed to obtain different properties in an alloy? Select one: a. Heat the metal at a certain rate to a certain temperature b. Cool the metal at a specified rate c. All of these d. Soak the metal at a given temperature for specified time
c. All of these
What heat treatment is characterized by holding the part at the austenitizing temperature for some time and then slow cooling in the furnace? Select one: a. Normalizing b. Quenching c. Annealing d. Tempering e. Stress relief
c. Annealing
A combined longitudinal and buildup sequence wherein weld beads are deposited in overlapping layers is: Select one: a. Longitudinal sequence b. Buildup sequence c. Cascade sequence d. Block sequence
c. Cascade sequence
Which of the following are not common to both GTAW and PAW? Select one: a. None of these b. Shielding gas nozzle c. Copper constricting nozzle d. Externally-applied filler metal e. Nonconsumable tungsten electrode
c. Copper constricting nozzle
The required spot weld size can be shown as the: Select one: a. Value for the required shear strength b. Dimension to the right of the symbol c. Dimension of the required spot diameter and the value for the required shear strength d. Dimension of the required spot diameter e. Dimension to the right of the symbol and dimension of the required spot diameter
c. Dimension of the required spot diameter and the value for the required shear strength
Which type of current produces the greatest penetration, using the submerged arc process: Question 15Select one:a. AC Electrode Neutral (ACEN) b. Penetration is equal for all above. c. Direct Current Electrode Positive (DCRP) d. Direct Current Electrode Negative (DCSP)
c. Direct Current Electrode Positive (DCRP)
If the root opening is too close, what corrective action should be taken? Select one: a. Apply more heat in the welding process in expectation of obtaining adequate penetration b. Either Apply more heat in the welding process in expectation of obtaining adequate penetration or Increase the opening by jacking apart, cutting, grinding, or gouging before welding c. Increase the opening by jacking apart, cutting, grinding, or gouging before welding
c. Increase the opening by jacking apart, cutting, grinding, or gouging before welding
A constricting nozzle is one of the components for which welding process? Select one: a. GTAW b. GMAW c. PAW d. SW e. SAW
c. PAW
The type of weld symbolized by a rectangular box containing a dimension is best described as a: Select one: a. Plug weld in hole having size shown b. Plug weld in beveled hole c. Partially filled plug weld d. Plug weld e. Slot weld
c. Partially filled plug weld
What is diffusion of metal in the solid state? Select one: a. Dissolving of the metal in other chemicals b. Exchange of atoms in carbon steels c. The migration of atoms from their "home" positions d. Crumbling of edges due to oxidation
c. The migration of atoms from their "home" positions
What happens to the atoms as temperature is increased? Select one: a. The shape of the atoms changes from square to round b. More electrons separate from the atoms c. The movement of the atoms increases in both speed and distance d. Both The movement of the atoms increases in both speed and distance and more electrons separate from the atoms
c. The movement of the atoms increases in both speed and distance
The property that describes the ability of a metal to deform when stressed is: Select one: a. strength b. toughness c. ductility d. hardness e. none of these
c. ductility
Which gases below can be used for TB? Select one: a. Oxygen b. Natural gas c. All of these d. Acetylene e. Propane
c. All of these
The main difference between an OFC torch and an OFW torch is that the cutting torch has: Select one: a. Much larger orifices b. One less control lever c. An added control lever d. Much smaller orifices
c. An added control lever
Why should a root weld bead not be peened? Select one: a. A root pass has unbalanced shrinkage stresses b. Heat treatment from later beads will over harden the peened metal c. For lack of strength, weld may yield and cause displacement of parts in the wrong direction d. Both for lack of strength, weld may yield and cause displacement of parts in the wrong direction and heat treatment from later beads will over harden the peened metal
c. For lack of strength, weld may yield and cause displacement of parts in the wrong direction
Which of the classifications listed below produces the strongest weld metal? Select one: a. ER70S-6 b. F7A2-EM12K c. No difference d. E71T-5 e. E7018
c. No difference
The family of hardness tests that uses both a minor and major load is called: Select one: a. Knoop b. none of these c. Rockwell d. Brinell e. Vickers
c. Rockwell
When filler metal and base metal in the liquid state are in contact with each other, what causes the two metals to mix together into a uniform composition? Select one: a. Stirring caused by external forces (pressure from torch and movement of electrode) b. Convection caused by uneven heating c. Speed of the heated atoms d. All of these
d. All of these
Which gases below can be used for TB (torch brazing)? Select one: a. Acetylene b. Oxygen c. Natural gas d. All of these e. Propane
d. All of these
Which of the welding processes below is generally considered to provide the highest deposition rate? Select one: a. SAW b. SMAW c. FCAW d. ESW e. GMAW
d. ESW
Of the following, which is not a necessary requirement for all welding processes? Select one: a. Means of shielding molten metal b. None of these c. Source of energy d. Electricity
d. Electricity
Why are vision filters not necessary for submerged arc welding? Select one: a. The light waves emitted by the welding arc are not dangerous to the human eye b. The welding is done automatically by remote control inside the machines c. The flux shelf prevents the arc from being visible to the operator during welding d. The welding arc is not visible because the shielding material hides them
d. The welding arc is not visible because the shielding material hides them
A number in parentheses just above or below a test symbol describes: Select one: a. none of these b. the type of test to perform c. the length of weld to be tested d. the number of tests to perform e. the extent of testing
d. the number of tests to perform
What records must be maintained by the inspector for the job file on behalf of the Company? Select one: a. None of these b. Copies of reports of all inspections performed c. Copies of reports relevant to your areas of responsibility (material, tests, welder qualifications, and procedure qualifications), even though you did not write them d. Both copies of reports of all inspections performed and Copies of reports relevant to your areas of responsibility
d. Both copies of reports of all inspections performed and Copies of reports relevant to your areas of responsibility
Which of the following changes will warrant the addition or increase in required preheat? Select one: a. Increased base metal thickness b. Increased carbon equivalent c. Decreased carbon equivalent and increased base metal thickness d. Increase carbon equivalent and increase in base metal thickness e. Decreased carbon equivalent
d. Increase carbon equivalent and increase in base metal thickness
Very slow cooling of steel may result in the production of a solid, ductile microstructure which has a lamellar appearance when viewed under high magnification. This structure is referred to as: Select one: a. Ferrite b. Bainite c. Martensite d. Pearlite e. Cementite
d. Pearlite
A green stripe on a tungsten electrode designates: Select one: a. Zirconated tungsten b. 2% Thoriated tungsten c. None of these d. Pure tungsten e. 1% Thoriated tungsten
d. Pure tungsten
Which of the following are the three (3) kinds of stress that occur in metals? Select one: a. Ductility, malleability, and machinability b. Elongation, yield and shear c. Cold, hot and compression d. Tension, compression, and shear
d. Tension, compression, and shear
When a "suffix" is used following the filler metal classification (i.E., E8018-C3), it designates: Select one: a. An electrode which may also be used as a filler metal rod b. A low hydrogen-iron powder electrode covering c. The chemical composition of the electrode coating d. The chemical composition of the deposited weld metal
d. The chemical composition of the deposited weld metal
The type of document that has legal status by definition is: Select one: a. all of these b. specification c. standard d. code e. code and standard
d. code
The metal property that relates to a metal's deforming without failing is called: Select one: a. toughness b. tensile strength c. none of these d. ductility e. hardness
d. ductility
Phosphorus and sulfur are added to carbon steel to improve: Select one: a. weldability b. impact strength c. toughness d. none of these e. ductility
d. none of these
The "offset method" is used for determining which property? Select one: a. tensile strength b. impact strength c. fatigue strength d. yield strength e. hardness
d. yield strength
Changing from DCEP to AC when using SAW process will provide which of the following? Select one: a. Increase wire feed b. Decrease arc blow and Increase wire feed c. Increase arc voltage d. All of these e. Decrease arc blow
e. Decrease arc blow
What heat treatment is characterized by holding the part at the austenitizing temperature for some time and then slow cooling in still air? Select one: a. Annealing b. Quenching c. Tempering d. Stress relief e. Normalizing
e. Normalizing
MT can be used most effectively to inspect which of the following? Select one: a. austenitic stainless steel welds on stainless steel b. none of these c. austenitic stainless steel welds on carbon steel d. all of these e. carbon steel welds on carbon steel
e. carbon steel welds on carbon steel
Which discontinuity begins with improper steelmaking practices? Select one: a. none of these b. pipe shrinkage c. seam d. lamellar tear e. lamination
e. lamination
Of the following types of test specimens, which is used by API and not ASME for procedure and welder qualification testing? Select one: a. face bend b. tensile c. root bend d. side bend e. nick break
e. nick break
Changes in heat treatment can be measured using which NDT method? Select one: a. UT b. none of these c. MT d. RT e. ET
e. ET
The type of alloying in which the alloy atoms are located in the spaces between the atoms of the parent metal is referred to as: Select one: a. None of these b. Atomic alloying c. Space alloying d. Substitutional alloying e. Interstitial alloying
e. Interstitial alloying
Which of the following processes are typically utilized only in the flat position unless a special apparatus is employed? Select one: a. None of these b. GMAW c. ESW d. GMAW and SAW e. SAW
e. SAW
When rapid cooling produces a martensite structure, what non-austenitizing heat treatment may be applied to improve the ductility of the steel? Select one: a. Annealing b. Normalizing c. None of these d. Quenching e. Tempering
e. Tempering
Which alloying element is commonly added to steel to improve its corrosion resistance? Select one: a. aluminum b. silicon c. none of these d. carbon e. chromium
e. chromium
The metal property affected by the surface condition of the sample is: Select one: a. all of these b. tensile strength c. UTS d. hardness e. fatigue strength
e. fatigue strength
