1 - Introduction to Restorative Art

Pose features before tissues settle. Corrective alignment of nose and jaw. Hold muscles or flaps of skin together with temporary suture (with either a loop stitch or bridge stitch). Reset dislocated features or fractures. Reposition displaced tissue. Minor buck teeth correction . Puncture blisters. Suture clean cuts. Supporting surface tissues where bone is depressed.

Before injecting:

Minor restoration

Correcting a misaligned feature is considered:

Color tissues - restoring natural color internally. Internal tissue building (from embalming). Maintaining posture and positioning of features - and clear out discolorations through massage. Limit swelling (embalming can be a cause of swelling).

During embalming:

After embalming

Excision of mutilated tissue is done:

After embalming

Feature modeling should be done:

Jaws and teeth are smaller. Facial bones smoother and more rounded. The skull tends to be a little lighter and thinner. Muscular ridges are less pronounced and the vertex of the skull is not as high.

Female skull (as opposed to male)

European (White)

Head is long or rounded with a high cranial vertex while the forehead is full or dome-like. Nose is long and narrow; lips are thin, eyes are blue, gray or brown. Ears are moderate in length with a large free lobe and flat helix. (Race)

Minor restoration

Hypodermic tissue building is considered:

sutures, except for the lower jaw which is held together by muscles and tendons.

In the skull/cranium, the bones are locked together by means of:

thin, flat or convex.

In the skull/cranium, the majority of bones are:

Projection

Jutting out of a part or structure in comparison with another structure or part; it may however, exhibit a lesser degree of prominence when compared with a more dominant structure.

side

Lateral plane forms the _____ of the cheek.

Black (African)

Long narrow head with a low cranial vertex. Nose is broad and flat. Thick everted lips, projecting face and recessive chin. Eyes are dark. Ears are short and wide with small attached earlobes and a deeply rolled outer rim. (Race)

Restoring a full head of hair. Sub-tissue surgery of a swollen neck. Major correction of buck teeth Deep wound or laceration preparation. Repair and reconstruction of multiple fractures. Third degree burns. Skin slip. Reattachment of dismembered limb, decapitation or dismembered part.

Major Restoration (Requires a long time to complete)

Artificially reconstructing distorted face/cranium. Waxing large wounds, cheek, forehead or neck. Modeling a facial feature. Achieving natural appearance when masking discolored face. Matching wax with complexion.

Major Restoration Requiring Technical Skill

Correcting a miss-aligned feature. Hypodermic tissue building. Reduction of a swelling. Sub-tissue surgery of mouth or eye. Waxing lips, abrasions, razor burns, sutures. Suturing clean cuts. Small hair replacements. Bleaching or concealing discolorations. Removal of scabs/fever sores.

Minor Restoration (Requires minimum time or minimum skill)

Before embalming

Minor buck teeth correction should be done:

Asymmetry

Not symmetrical - both sides are different. The difference of paired features - the two sides of a feature of both halves of the face.

- Media plane - Horizontal plane - Oblique plane - Surface plane

Planes of the Cheeks

To help families cope with death to create a pleasant memory picture free from trauma and sickness.

Purpose/objectives of restorative art

Major restoration

Repair and reconstruction of multiple fractures requires:

Major restoration

Restoring a full head of hair is a:

Asiatic

Short broad head with a high cranial vertex. Wide cheekbones, small nose and slanting eyes. The distance from nasal root to inner corner of the eye is minimal. Ears are long and narrow with large free lobes and an unrolled outer rim. (Race)

Minor Restoration, Major Restoration, Major Restoration requiring technical skill

Skill

Prominence

Standing forth as to be readily seen; a protrusion.

Physiognomy

Study of the face and features, dealing only with the surface contours, structures, superficial appearance - but not function.

Major restoration

Sub-tissue surgery of a swollen neck requires:

Depression

Sunken (concave) area or part.

Before embalming

Suturing clean cuts and holding flaps of skin together is completed:

True - if things are very firm, it may be impossible to get things properly aligned.

T/F If anything is out of place, it will be harder to realign parts after embalming.

Recession

The act of receding - moving back to a more distant point.

Restorative Art

The care of the deceased to recreate natural form and color.

Norm

The most common characteristics of each part of a feature or face.

the most prominent part of the cheekbone, lateral and inferior to the outer corners of the eye.

The point where the planes change are denoted by an imaginary line on:

oval/egg

The skull is considered an _________ shape.

1. The psychological effect on families and friends 2. Professional obligation 3. Personal Satisfaction

Three obligations

Before Embalming, During Embalming, After Embalming

Timetables

During and after embalming

Tissue coloring can be done ________ embalming.

Major restoration requiring technical skill

Wax restoration of the cheek requires:

Embalming denatures protein and firms tissues.

What does embalming do to tissues?

2 & 3

Which of the following are major restorations? 1: Reduce swelling 2: Deep wound repair 3: Repair of fractures 4: Minimal hair replacement

1 & 4

Which of the following is considered minor restoration? 1: Reduction of swelling 2: Deep wound repair 3: Repair of multiple fractures 4: Small hair replacement

2/3

Width of the skull is _____ the length.

Surface plane

any surface exhibiting minimum curvature (convexity).

Horizontal plane

at right angle with median plane can be at different levels for comparative purposes.

Media plane

divides head into right and left halves vertically.

Oblique plane

slanted, neither vertical or horizontal.

Major restoration requiring technical skill

Achieving a natural appearance when masking a discolored face is considered:

1/2

Adult face is ________ the size of the cranium.

Hypodermic tissue injection. Removal of scabs. Excision of mutilated tissue. Suturing of incisions. Reduction of swelling. Deep wound preparation and filling (after excision of mutilated tissue). Wax surfaces (8-10 hours post embalming). Feature modeling. Bleaching/masking discolorations. External coloring/cosmetics. Attachment of dismembered part. Simulation of missing part. Correction of un-preserved areas. Major buck teeth correction.

After embalming:

front

Anterior plane forms the ______ part of the cheek