10.1 "Cause" & Necessary & Sufficient Conditions

Sufficient Condition

condition that produces the effect all by itself putting dry wood on a fire causes wood to burn earning a 90% of points is sufficient for a passing grade, but not necessary because you can also pass with an 80% A is a sufficient condition for B - A's occurrence requires B's occurrence If A occurs and B does not occur, then A isn't a sufficient condition for B

Cause

word cause can have different meanings, which is important in reasoning to and from causes using notions of necessary and sufficient conditions

Necessary Condition

a condition without which the effect would not come about presence of fuel is necessary condition for engine to run, oxygen is necessary for life, clouds are necessary for rain presence of fuel is necessary, but not sufficient because the engine needs other things to run as well A is a necessary condition for B - B's occurrence requires A's occurrence If B occurs and A does not occur, then A isn't a necessary condition for B