102.2 Install a boot manager

Which GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) timeout value will cause the GRUB boot menu to remain on the screen indefinitely until an administrator manually selects an option?

-1

ldd

commands do nothing

Which file in GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) Legacy corresponds to the grub.cfg file in GRUB 2?

menu.lst The GRUB Legacy menu.lst file corresponds to the GRUB 2 grub.cfg file for boot menu entries.

The configuration file templates and the settings in the /etc/default/grub file are combined by the grub2-mkconfig utility to generate which file?

/boot/grub2/grub.cfg

/etc/default/grub

/etc/default/grub

In which file are the default GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) menu settings stored?

/etc/default/grub

Which file must be edited in order to set up a GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) password?

/etc/grub.d/40_custom

In which directory are the main system services start and stop scripts located?

/etc/init.d

Which of the following is the correct configuration file and location for the LInux LOader (LILO) boot loader?

/etc/lilo.conf

Which command does a system administrator use to confirm the device where the GRand Unified Bootloader on Red Hat boot loader is installed?

/etc/redhat-release file displays the Red Hat Linux version running, but nothing about the boot loader.

Which directory on a systemd init system holds the unit files?

/usr/lib/systemd

What is the init daemon's process ID (PID)?

1

What is the default size of the boot sector program?

512 bytes

When is the boot process complete?

After the user logs in to the system and drops to a prompt

Which type of file is a shared library?

Binary

Which of the following is another term for a boot loader?

Boot manager

Which systemd feature provides better isolation for processes?

Control Groups

If the grub> prompt appears on boot, what is likely the problem?

GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) may be corrupted.

Where on a hard drive is the GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) boot loader installed?

In the master boot record (MBR)

What does the acronym "initramfs" stand for?

Initial RAM File System

What information is displayed with the command ldconfig -V?

It displays the version information for ldconfig.

What part does the kernel play in the Linux operating system?

It is the core of the operating system.

What is the LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable typically used for?

It is used in development and testing.

During the boot process, what does the kernel do after mounting the root partition?

It releases unused memory.

What does the following command do? # grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

It updates the GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) 2 configuration file.

Which Linux boot loader menu contains the following entry by default? image=/boot/memtest.bin label=memtest86

LInux LOader (LILO)

Which two environment variables does the Upstart init daemon set?

RUNLEVEL and PREVLEVEL

Which of the following is NOT a good option for recovering a corrupt boot sector?

Reinstall the system from an original distribution compact disc (CD)/digital video disc (DVD)

Which user account must the system administrator account use to install or reinstall GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) on a system?

Root

Which method should a system administrator use to secure the GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) installation?

Set up and use a GRUB password

How do shared libraries become shared?

Shared libraries are libraries that are loaded by programs when they start.

What does the "so" in a shared library file name (for example, libproc-3.2.8.so) mean?

Shared object

What is the major problem with statically linked programs, i.e., programs that use static libraries?

Statically linked programs are very large.

In contrast to shared libraries that have "so" in their file names, what naming characteristic identifies a library as static?

The ".a" suffix.

Boot loaders interact with which part of the computer system in order to load the operating system?

The Basic Input-Output System (BIOS)

If the runlevel is set to 5 in the inittab file, what happens?

The graphical user interface launches.

There are two locations in which the GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) boot loader can reside: the master boot record (MBR) and where else?

The partition boot record of an active partition

Which user on a system has the privilege or permission to issue the reboot or the shutdown command?

The root user only

What is shared in shared libraries?

The routines stored in the libraries are shared among multiple applications.

What happens if a system administrator presses the c key at the GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) menu?

The system drops to a command prompt.

If a system administrator issues the reboot command as the root user, what happens?

The system reboots.

What happens when the root user issues the halt -p command?

The system shuts down and powers off.

How does a system administrator verify that the GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) password they set up works?

They have to supply the password prior to entering edit mode.

How many different main components does a boot loader use to systematically load the operating system in stages?

Three

What is the purpose of the timeout entry in the GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) Legacy menu.lst file?

To specify the time limit for the login screen to be displayed

Why do system administrators run the ldconfig command?

To update shared library locations to the /etc/ld.so.cache

Which Linux distribution currently uses the Upstart init daemon?

Ubuntu The Ubuntu distribution uses the Upstart init daemon. All others listed use systemd.

The ELILO boot loader is a boot loader for which type of computer?

Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)

What is the primary difference between Upstart and the traditional SysVinit system?

Upstart is event-based rather than runlevel-based.

Under which circumstances would a boot loader located in the master boot record (MBR) load a boot loader in a partition boot record (a process known as chain loading)?

When GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) boots a Windows partition

ldd -p

Which command, used for testing, does a system administrator run to process the library locations on the command line but not update the cache, and without processing the default library locations?

Which log file is especially important to check during troubleshooting of boot problems?

boot.log

Which command does a system administrator use to confirm the device where the GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) 2 boot loader is installed?

cat /boot/grub2/device.map

ldd

command displays a list of all loaded shared libraries associated with the executable file.

ldconfig -p

command displays the lists of directories and candidate libraries stored in cache.

which

command displays the location of the executable file.

rpm

command lists all installed rpm packages named openssl.

ldconfig -p | grep openssl

command searches through the shared library cache and prints those libraries whose names contain openssl in them.

The ldconfig -n

command will process the library locations on the command line without updating the cache or processing the default library locations. This method is used for testing new libraries without providing default support through already existing libraries.

Runlevel 3

corresponds to the multi-user.target systemd target

Which of the following is NOT an option available in the GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) Legacy /boot/grub/menu.lst file?

encrypt

twain_32.dll

file is a Windows dynamically linked library file that is analogous to a Linux shared library file.

sda5

file is a special device file that refers to a partition on a hard disk.

libc.so.6

file is an actual shared library file found on Linux systems.

Runlevel 5

graphical.target

Which GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) Legacy utility is equivalent to the GRUB 2 utility grub2-mkconfig?

grub-mkconfig

Which command does the system administrator use to reinstall GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB)?

grub2-install /dev/sda

Which command does a system administrator issue to generate a Password-Based Key Derivation Function 2 (PBKDF2) encrypted password for GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB)?

grub2-mkpasswd-pbkdf2

If /dev/sda1 is the bootable partition, how does GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) (Legacy or 2) identify the disk /dev/sda?

hd0

Which of the following GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) Legacy entries corresponds to the bootable partition /dev/sda1?

hd0,0

One of the functions of the /etc/inittab file is to instruct the init process to start the user environment in the default runlevel of 3. Which entry below has the correct syntax to set the default runlevel in the /etc/inittab file?

id:3:initdefault:

The X display manager (xdm), GNOME display manager (gdm), and KDE display manager (kdm) all depend on which program for launching one of them?

init

Which file does the init program search for during boot?

inittab

Which of the following commands allows a system administrator to search for a specific library entry related to openssl in cache?

ldconfig -p | grep openssl

Which of the following is an example of the correct format for a shared library file name?

libc.so.6

Which systemd target corresponds to the SysVinit runlevel 3?

multi-user.target

The poweroff command is not a command at all, but is a link to which command?

reboot

Runlevel 6

reboot.target

Runlevel 1

rescue.target

Which command on an Upstart init system allows the root user to start and stop system services?

service

tty20

special device file for a terminal connectionv

Which command allows a system administrator to view running services, manage (enable/disable) services to run at boot or in the current session, determine the status of these services, and manage the system runlevel?

systemctl

Which of the following systemd commands changes the current runlevel to use the graphical user interface?

systemctl isolate graphical.target

Which of the following commands sets the default runlevel to multi-user mode with no graphical interface for a Linux distribution that uses systemd init?

systemctl set-default multi-user.target

Which command do system administrators use to dynamically change the runlevel, for example from runlevel 2 to runlevel 3?

telinit

If a system administrator needs to kill or restart a particular application on a shared system, which command does the administrator use in order warn everyone on the system of the impending application shutdown?

wall