11.1. Daily Grammar - Tenses of Verbs-Past, Present, Future

Regular Verb

Forms the past and past participle by adding -d or -ed to the infinitive form

Irregular Verb

Forms the past and past participle by changing the infinitive form in some way

Linking Verb

Expresses a state of being

Action Verb

Shows action

Active Voice

The subject of the sentence is doing the action of the sentence. (Tara drove her car to the park.)

Passive Voice

The subject of the sentence is receiving the action of the sentence. (The car was driven to the park by Tara)

Past Perfect Progressive

Use to express a continuing action that was completed before a certain time in the past. It emphasizes that the action was a continuing one. Formed by add ¬-ing and had been. (We had been waiting for an hour before he showed up.)

Future Perfect Progressive

Use to express a continuing action that will be completed by or before a certain time. Formed by adding -ing and will have been. (We will have been waiting for over an hour by the time she gets here.)

Subjunctive Mood

Use to express wishes / proposals, or ideas contrary to fact. Changes the form of the verb.

Past Perfect

Used to express action (or express a state of being) completed in the past before some other action or event (occurring along with another action). Formed using had. (After we had waited for an hour, we left.)

Present Tense

Used to express action (or express a state of being) occurring now, or occurring habitually. (We wait patiently).

Present Perfect

Used to express action (or express a state of being) started in the past is still going on in the present, OR used to express action (or state of being) occurring at no definite time in the past. Formed using have or has (We have waited for an hour.)

Present Progressive

Used to express action (or express a state of being) that is currently happening. Formed by adding -ing and a present tense form of be. (We are waiting for the bell to ring.)

Past Tense

Used to express action (or express a state of being) that occurred in the past and did not continue into the present. (We waited for you yesterday.)

Past Progressive

Used to express action (or express a state of being) that was continual in the past. Formed by adding -ing and a past tense form of be. (We were waiting for you for an hour)

Future Perfect

Used to express action (or to express a state of being) that will be completed in the future BEFORE some other future event or action. Formed with will have or shall have. (By the time the bus arrives, we will have waited for an hour.)

Future

Used to express an action (or express a state of being) occurring at some time in the future. Formed with will or shall. (We will wait for you to come.)

Future Progressive

Used to express continuing action in the future. Formed by adding -ing and will be. (We will be waiting for you until you come.)

Imperative Mood

Used to give commands. Use the regular form of a verb.

Indicative Mood

Used to make factual statements or ask questions. Uses regular form of verb.

Principle Part -- Past

adds -d or -ed to the infinitive for regular verbs

Principle Part -- Past Participle

adds helping verb and -d or -ed to the infinitive for regular verbs

Principle Part - Present Participle

adds helping verb and -ing to the infinitive for regular verbs

Principle Part - Infinitive

basic form of the word in the present tense

Present Perfect Progressive

expressed a continuing action that was done during the present time period. It emphasizes that the action has continued over a period of time. Formed by using -ing and have been or has been. (We have been waiting all day.)