11.2 The Politics of War

Habeas Corpus

A court order that requires authorities to bring a person held in jail before the court to determine why he or she is being jailed.

Conscription

A draft that would force certain members of the population to serve in the army. Could pay your way out of serving (hire substitutes). Confederate: all able-bodied men between 17 & 50. Union: all white men between 20 & 55, for three years.

Reverend Henry M. Turner

A free-born African American, watched the capitals inhabitants receive the news of emancipation.

William Yancey

Asked Britain to formally recognize the Confederacy as an independent nation.

Emancipation Proclamation

Declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free." Issued by Lincoln during the third year of the Civil War.

Copperhead

Northern Democrats who advocated peace with the South. Were among the people who were arrested as a result of the suspension of habeas corpus.

New York draft riot

The 1863 riots that broke out among lower class New York citizens. -Slums, crime, disease, & poverty was ever-present -Poor white workers found it unfair they had to fight a war to free slaves -Attacked blacks and those who dressed nicely -More than 100 died

Commutation

The substitution of one kind of payment for another.