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Which of the following is NOT based on a sound-stimulus form of communication?

"Kanzi, can you put the pine needles in the refrigerator?" (indicating that the bonobo should do something she has never been asked to do before)

What is the difference between these two phrases, which allows a native speaker of English the ability to understand the difference in meaning? Half a cookie Have a cookie

/f/ is voiceless and /v/ is voiced, a phonemic distinction in English.

How would the word "knee" by transcribed in IPA?

/ni/

Which of the following is a voiceless bilabial stop?

/p/

Which of the following are all produced with the vocal folds drawn together?

/z/, /d/, /b/, /v/

Which of the following is a sound not found in word initial position in English?

/ŋ/

How many morphemes are there in the word unwraps?

3

What type of aphasia is characterized by the loss of the ability to put together meaningful phrases and sentences due to damage in the frontal region of the left hemisphere of the brain?

Broca's aphasia

How are researchers able to speculate about when human language may have begun?

By studying the size of the skulls of our human ancestors.

What is an example of an indirect speech act?

Can you drive tomorrow?

How is "using language" uniquely human when dogs bark, Koko could sign, and bees communicate location of a food source?

Human language is more productive, creative, and complex.

What is an example of a face-saving act emphasizing a person's negative face?

I know you have a lot of work to do, but could you help me for a minute.

What is an example of an experiencer?

James spied an apple tree.

What is the agent of the sentence "Janet opened the book to page 110."

Janet

Which of the following is the best evidence of our unconscious knowledge of phonotactics in our own language?

Knowing that ksral could not be a word in English.

Which of the following contains examples of grammatical gender?

La luna llena está hermosa.

Which of the following is structurally ambiguous?

My mother bumped into the man with a shopping cart.

The Japanese sentence: Jon-ga tegami-o yomimasu John letter reads follows what word order?

S-O-V

The sentence John ate an apple follows what basic word order?

S-V-O

How is a phoneme distinguished from a letter of the alphabet?

Slashes are used to show that it is a phoneme, not a letter.

What are the anaphoric expressions in these sentences "I took a history class last semester with Professor Kawaguchi. The class was History 11. She is a great professor."

The class, she

This sentence "I take sugar and cream in my coffee" is syntactically correct yet semantically odd. Why?

The collocation "sugar and cream." A more common collocation is "cream and sugar."

Which of the following is the best example of the coarticulation effect we call assimilation?

The expression "used to" is pronounced /justə/ even though alone the word "use" is pronounced with the voiced voiced /z/sound

Which of the following would support the innateness hypothesis?

The fact that young deaf children become fluent in sign language.

Which of the following expressions would NOT be generated by this phrase structure rule? NP --> {Art (Adj) N, Pro, PN}?

The moon is full tonight

Which of the following is true of individual variation in pronunciation?

There tends to be more individual variation in vowel sounds than consonants.

Which of the following is true of adult humans but not babies or other adult non-human primates?

They are not able to breathe and drink at the same time.

Which of the following cannot rewrite as a noun phrase?

VP

What is an example of a sentence containing a metonymy?

Wall Street is rebounding today after three weeks of slow trading.

What is an example of polysemy?

Your refrigerator is (running) in the kitchen.

Which of the following would probably NOT be a prototypical musical instrument although it could be a musical instrument?

a basoon

The approach to analyzing language according to what should be written or said based on a language authority such as The Elements of Style by Strunk and White is called

a prescriptive approach

In the sentence: "My boss upped my salary," The word upped is

a verb formed by conversion with an inflectional suffix to mark past tense

Samuel Maverick was an independent-minded lawyer and landowner from Texas who refused to brand his cattle. When a steer with no brand turned up, people would say "It must be a maverick." Thus, the word maverick was coined to mean an independent-minded person. This type of neologism is known as

an eponym

An apple could also be called книга, ping guo, or xax. This is a definition and example of what property of human language?

arbitrariness

Which of the following is NOT an example of a word formed by blending?

asap

A common source of new words in English, and the process by which the word pretzel came into English was by

borrowing

The names Tom, Deb, Pete, and Jo are examples of

clipping

A child who grows up in France will learn to speak French, regardless of his or her racial or ethnic background. This is evidence of which property of human language?

cultural transmission

The most common word-formation process in forming new words in English, and the process by which English has adopted the word rewrite is called

derivation

What are examples of co-hyponyms?

diasy and rose

What is the property of human language that allows humans to talk about mythical creatures and future events?

displacement

What was the key element of Kanzi's language learning?

early exposure to language

Most linguists would be likely to adhere to a prescriptive approach of analysis and insist that an infinitive should not be split. Thus expressions like "to solemnly swear" are ungrammatical from a linguistic perspective.

false

What is the basis for many of the prescriptive rules for English such as "You must not end a sentence with a preposition"?

greek & latin

The information used by a listener to understand something not explicitly stated is known as

inference

A type of affix not frequently found in English but found in the word unbefreakinglievable is

infix

In the sentence John knew that Maria loved Ming, the word that

is a complementizer introducing a complement phrase

What is not an example of a schema?

knowing how to repair a watch

In the word people's

people is a free lexical morpheme and 's is a bound inflectional morpheme

The sentence "please bring the book here to me now" contains examples of what kind of deixis?

person, spatial, and temporal deixis

Which of Grice's Maxims is the speaker concerned with if they say "I'm not really sure, but I think it's supposed to rain tomorrow."

quality

In Somoan the singular word for love is alófa. The plural is alolófa. The singular word for work is galúe and the plural is galulúe. What morphological process is involved here in marking the plural form?

reduplication

The words precise and exact are

synonyms

Which sounds are made by lowering the velum and allowing air to flow out through the nose?

the nasals /m/, /n/, and /ŋ/

Which of the following is NOT a presupposition of the sentence "When did you quit school?"

you are a student

Face in pragmatics is

your public self image

What is an example of reversive antonyms?

zip/unzip