1315 Sample Test

Brent was presenting a speech on Type I diabetes, a disease that he had suffered from for years. He decided not to mention this fact to his audience. Which statement concerning Brent's speech is the most accurate?

A speaker's personal experience makes him more credible to his audience.

Jeb is really very intelligent, but when he gives speeches he tends to go monotone, and doesn't move around much or use many gestures. Most listeners have trouble tuning in to Jeb, even though his speech content is often excellent. Which tip to increase your listening efficiency best applies in this instance?

Adapt to the speaker's delivery finding ways to benefit from the information.

When an audience member translates the speaker's verbal and nonverbal messages into information and ideas, this process is known as

Decoding

The closer to the time for Dennis to present his speech, the more anxious he became. During the speech just before his, Dennis felt his heart pounding. He felt as though he would forget everything he planned to say. Which of the following statements best reflects this situation?

Dennis is experiencing a form of anxiety that is common to public speakers.

Communication that is truthful, fair, responsible and shows respect for self and others is termed

Ethical Communication

It is an audience member's responsibility to properly encode a speaker's remarks.

False

Jason has thoroughly researched his speech on the art of tattooing. He had many different types of supporting material and the speech was well organized. He was certain that this was a great speech. Right before the speech, he printed out his complete outline, and used this when presenting his speech to the class, essentially reading directly from it. Which of the following statements best pertains to this situation?

Jason procrastinated and didn't have time to rehearse his speech aloud and on his feet.

In a persuasive speech, you tell a hypothetical story in your introduction and represent it as actually happening to you. Is this appropriate?

No, because you are violating an ethical principle which requires that speakers be honest.

For a speech assignment, you find several articles on the Internet that are perfect for your speech topic. You copy the articles, then cut and paste the parts that you'll read as your speech. Is this ethical?

No, because you committed patchwork plagiarism.

Peter is listening to a speech on stem cell research. He's trying to take down everything the speaker is saying because it seems that everything is important. Is this considered good listening, according to your text?

Not really, because taking down everything said can cause a listener to miss major ideas.

In a speech about the rules of cricket, the speaker uses jargon that you don't understand. What are you experiencing?

Problems with decoding

In Ryan's speech on surfing, he is trying to decide whether or not to tell the audience in his introduction that he has been a surfer since he was just a kid. He wonders if this will help or hurt his credibility. What textbook advice applies here?

Ryan should give a brief, credibility-building explanation of his experience with the topic.

The speaker spoke so softly that audience members were straining to hear. They tried signaling the speaker by cupping their ears and giving a "thumbs up" sign so as to encourage the speaker to increase the volume. Finally, someone from the back of the room shouted "Louder please." Which of the following statements best describes this situation?

The speaker ignored important audience feedback.

Todd gave a speech on the poor quality of local water. He brought in a test kit and demonstrated its impurity. He then advised purchasing a water filter pitcher guaranteed to remove these impurities. At the end of his speech, Todd mentioned that he worked for the company that made the pitcher, and had them for sale. What was Todd's biggest mistake?

Todd violated the ethical guideline of having a responsible goal for a speech.

A receiver's perception of a message is dependent on his or her past experiences, attitudes, beliefs, and values.

True

You will be less nervous if you speak on a topic with which you have had experience.

True

In the speech just before Jerome's, the speaker covered some of the same material that Jerome was going to use in his speech on golf. Instead of letting this throw him, Jerome acknowledged the overlap in his introduction. Was this a wise thing to do, according to your text?

Yes; Jerome used an attention-getting, credibility-building device known as a reference to a preceding speech.

A listener who is able to evaluate the reasoning, logic, and quality of the speaker's ideas is

a critical listener

Collecting information about an audience concerning their age range, gender, and ethnicity is part of

a demographic analysis.

The willingness to listen to different viewpoints and understand beliefs and values other than your own is known as

accommodation

When you focus on and mentally summarize the speaker's message, and work to understand the information presented, you are said to be

an active listener

Using sound evidence and reasoning in a speech is an example of

an ethical guideline.

When we, as listeners, focus on the message, we are said to

attend

Grace knew her speech backwards and forwards. She rehearsed it over and over, timing it to make sure she didn't run over the time limit. When she actually delivered the speech, she found herself much less nervous and much more confident than she expected to be. Which guideline for developing confidence provided in your text applies here?

be prepared

In the introduction to your speech, a good way to establish your credibility is to

be well prepared and confident

In a psychological analysis, which of the following concepts are what the audience asserts are true or false?

beliefs

When you make a list of your own interests, and just begin writing as many topics related to these as you can think of without stopping to consider them, you are using a technique known as

brainstorming

Noise in the communication process

can be external or internal

When a speaker alternately tenses and relaxes their muscles before speaking, this reflects a strategy of coping with nervousness that your text refers to as

channeling your nervous energy

As an audience member who is listening ethically, it is essential to

consider diverse cultural norms in the speech context.

The environment or situation in which a speech occurs is termed

context

A form of communication which has much in common with modern public speaking is

conversation.

The audience's perception of a speaker's competence, trustworthiness, and dynamism is termed

credibility

The type of credibility when a speaker establishes common ground with the audience, supports an argument with believable evidence, and presents a well-delivered speech is

derived credibility.

Our beliefs, values, and moral principles by which we determine what is right or wrong are our

ethics

Accommodation means that speakers should abandon their own convictions in order to show tolerance of the audience's beliefs.

false

Actually visualizing yourself in the room in which the speech will take place and imagining audience applause will only make you more nervous.

false

Aristotle used the term ethos to refer to a speaker's competence.

false

Audience diversity means only the ethnicity and cultural background of the audience members.

false

Audience members that are moving around and shifting in their seats are more likely to be attentive to what you are saying.

false

Critical listening and critical thinking are the same process.

false

Delaying speech preparation and rehearsal is usually an effective method to reduce speaker anxiety.

false

Derived credibility refers to that which a speaker achieves after presenting a speech.

false

If a listener is suffering from information overload, concentrating harder on the details of a message is often helpful.

false

If you are really anxious about speaking, it is best to avoid direct eye contact with audience members, or connecting with them in any manner.

false

Speech anxiety is never beneficial to a speaker.

false

We listen at a much slower rate than the rate an average person speaks.

false

When considering your audience, consider them as a group, rather than individuals.

false

When practicing your speech, say the speech to yourself; practicing out loud will only make you more nervous.

false

When you listen to empathize, you make a judgment as well as understand the information heard.

false

Head nods, murmurings, facial expressions, and eye contact from audience members are all forms of

feedback

When a speaker watches and listens for audience response and adapts the delivered message to that response, the speaker is reacting to audience

feedback

Head nods, murmurings, facial expressions, and eye contact from audience members are all forms of

feedback.

Jan is in speech class, listening to a lecture. But she's had a very busy week, with lots of assignments. How can she maximize her listening experience in class?

focus on major ideas

Jan is in speech class, listening to a lecture. But she's had a very busy week, with lots of assignments. How can she maximize her listening experience in class?

focus on the major ideas

For her informative speech assignment, Carol has chosen biomedical ethics as her topic. But before she begins, she compiles a questionnaire for the audience to determine their personal knowledge, interest, and attitudes about this issue. What is the term for this technique?

formal audience analysis

If you attempt to convince listeners to do something illegal, you are violating a speaking ethic which expects speakers to

have clear, responsible goals

Jon attends a campus speech as an assignment for his public speaking class. When he evaluates the speech, what three elements should he look and listen for in order to deem the speech effective?

if the speech was understandable to the audience, if it achieved its intended purpose, and if it was ethical

Analyzing and adapting to your audience as you speak

is necessary as part of the complete audience-centered speaker.

Kari has lunch with a friend who has been just diagnosed with cancer. What kind of listening is likely to occur?

listening to empathize

When facing public speaking anxiety, the goal for the speaker should be to

manage it positively

In the communication process, what is the term for something that interferes with the communication process?

noise

Tonya was watching her audience carefully during her speech. After a few minutes, she noticed several class members staring at her with a glazed look in their eyes. She immediately picked up the speed of her speech and moved on to a colorful visual. What was Tonya responding to?

nonverbal audience cues

Timeria needed room to move during her speech, but when she arrived to make her presentation, she learned that she would have to use a microphone affixed to a lectern. What was Timeria's mistake?

not conducting a pre-speech situational analysis

The term used by Aristotle to describe appeals to human emotion is

pathos

A captive audience would best be described as

people who must attend.

It is important to know the approximate education level of your audience because

people with more education usually have a larger vocabulary.

Nick is really worried about his statistics exam after lunch, and isn't really listening to his speech instructor. The listening barrier here is

personal concerns

What can a speaker add to his or her speech that will likely appeal to most members of a very diverse audience?

photographs

Lifting key passages from sources you do not credit in your speech is an unethical practice known as

plagiarism

Colin had researched, outlined, and practiced his speech carefully, but on the day he was to give the speech, his girlfriend broke up with him. He found it impossible to keep his mind on his speech or his audience and continually lost his place. What public speaking term best describes this situation?

psychological noise

A listener who suffers from a fear of misunderstanding or misinterpreting messages is said to have

receiver apprehension

When listeners can recall ideas and information presented to them, they are said to

remember

The specific group of audience members that you, as a speaker, most wish to address or influence is your

target audience

What is ethnocentrism?

the attitude that one's own cultural approach is superior to those from other cultures

The fact that most speeches are planned and rehearsed well in advance of delivery illustrates which of the following?

the difference between public speaking and everyday conversation

What a public speaker says and how she or he says it is referred to as

the message itself.

What must balance the right to free speech?

the responsibility of speaking ethically

A situational audience analysis includes an evaluation of

the time and place of your speech, the size of your audience, and the occasion.

A recently discovered barrier to listening, receiver apprehension, is the fear of misunderstanding or misinterpreting the message.

true

A speaker wishing to establish initial credibility will dress carefully and look directly into the audience's eyes before beginning the speech.

true

Anxiety can actually improve your energy level and speech performance.

true

Before preparing a speech, it is helpful to analyze the audience demographically, psychologically, and situational.

true

Beliefs and values by which we determine right from wrong are termed "ethics."

true

It's a good listening technique to try and identify the speaker's main points even if they are not clear.

true

John is a national candidate speaking to a local audience. He should customize his standard speech to include mention of the local community.

true

Psychological audience analysis can probe the underlying beliefs and values that affect an audience's attitude toward a speech topic.

true

Selecting, attending, understanding, and remembering are all a part of active listening.

true

Speakers have an ethical responsibility to give credit for information and ideas that are not their own.

true

The First Amendment to the Constitution guarantees our freedom of speech.

true

Your perceptions of the speaking event, your self-image, and your self-esteem interact to create speech anxiety.

true

The process of listeners relating material to their own experiences and knowledge is to

understand

Ethically, if you are uncertain about attributing sources in a speech, your text suggests

when in doubt, document all of your sources in a speech.