16 COMBO Chapter History Test 1

The decimation of American buffalo herds in the late nineteenth century

-destroyed the ability of Plains Indians to resist the advance of white settlers -happened almost entirely in the space of a single decade -was fostered by the railroad companies easily transporting hides back to meet the demand of owning a buffalo robe

In the second half of the nineteenth century, the working class in the western economy was

-highly multicultural -highly divided along racial lines -paid higher wages than workers in the East

In the 1860s, cattle drivers from Texas to Missouri

-saw the herds suffer heavy losses -proved that cattle could be driven to distant markets -established a link to the booming urban markets of the East

By 1900, american territories in the contiguous united states that had been granted statehood

1/3 that wasn't granted statehood = Colorado

The Chinese from California became the major source of labor for the transcontinental railroad because

they worked for lower wages than whites would accept

Before 1860, the traditional policy of the federal government was to regard Indians as

wards of the president of the United States

The comstock lode

produced primarily silver

In 1890, the "Ghost Dance"

was a spiritual revival among Plains Indians

Women in nineteenth century western mining towns

often found work doing domestic tasks

Women in the 19th century western mining towns

often found work doing domestic tasks

Mining in the West

saw individual prospectors move in first, followed by corporations

In "The Significance of the Frontier in American History" frederick Jackson Turner claimed

that the end of the "frontier" also marked the end of one of the most important democratizing forces in American life

In 1890 at Wounded Knee, South Dakota

the U.S. Seventh Cavalry massacred more than 300 Indians

Which tribe should NOT be included among the Plains Indians?

Yurok

In the late 19th century, the western agricultural economy

saw the railroad become the most important factor in its development

Chinese tongs were

secret societies

The 1876 Battle of Big Horn

short lived Indian victory; famous conflict between whites and indians; crazy horse+sitting bull vs. george A. custer

The Comstock Lode primarily produced

silver

In the "significance of the frontier in american history" Frederick Jackson Turner

the frontier had made Americans distinctive people; end of the frontier marked the end of one of the most democratizing forces in American life

In the mid-nineteenth century, the Plains Indians were

the most widespread Indian groups in the West

The Dawes Act of 1887

was viewed by the United States government as a plan to save the Indians; gradual elimination of tribal ownership of land and the allotment of tracts to individual owners 160-head of house 80-adult/orphan 40-dependent kid

In 1890, at Wounded Knee, SD, A. Plains Indians mounted their last major attack on white Americans B. the U.S. Seventh Cavalry massacred two hundred Indians C. the Sioux attempted to leave the reservation for Canada D. the U.S. 7th Cavalry suffered no casualties E. All of the above

B. the U.S. Seventh Cavalry massacred two hundred Indians

In the late 19th Century fences for plains were usually made from

Barbed wire

In the late 19th Century which of the following was not a major western industry that relied on the East for Market Capital

fur trading

In the late nineteenth century, which of the following was NOT a major western industry

fur trading

In the late nineteenth century, which of the following was NOT a major western industry?

fur trading

In 1886, the end of formal warfare between the united states and american Indians

geronimo's surrender

The "Rocky Mountain School" of painting

helped inspire a growth of tourism in the West

The Rocky Mountain School of Painting . . .

helped inspire the growth of tourism in the West

The Rocky Mountain School of painting

helped inspire the growth of tourism in the west

In the second half of the nineteenth century, the working class in the western economy

highly multiracial, highly divided along racial lines, paid higher wages than workers in the East

The sand creek massacre of 1864

involved the killing of Indian women and children;

During the 19th century, in the far west the term "coolie"

referred to Chinese indentured servants

During the nineteenth century, in the Far West the term "coolie"

referred to Chinese indentured servants

Mining in the West

saw individuals prospectors move in first followed by corporations

the 1876 Battle of Little Bighorn

saw the destruction of the entire Seventh Calvary

In the late nineteenth century, the western agricultural economy

saw the railroad become the most important factor in its development

Chinese "tongs" were

secret societies

In the mid 1880s, the open range cattle industry declined as a result of severe weather

severe weather

The 1876 Battle of Big Horn

short lived Indian victory;

Which of the following was NOT a significant source of resentment for the late nineteenth-century farmers?

state governments

In The Significance of the Frontier in American History Frederick Jackson Turner claimed

that the end of frontier also marked the end of one of the most important democratizing forces in American Life

Which tribe should NOT be included among the Plains Indians?

the Chumash

In 1890, at Wounded Knee, South Dakota

the U.S. Seventh Cavalry massacred two hundred Indians

In 1890, at wounded knee, south dakota

the U.S. Seventh Cavalry massacred two hundred Indians;

In 1890 at Wounded Knee South Dakota

the US seventh calvary massacred more than 300 indians

In "The Significance of the Frontier in American History," Frederick Jackson Turner claimed

the frontier had made Americans distinctive people

the western farmers first and most burning grievance against

the railroads

In the late 19th Century regarding western agriculture

the reality of farming was very much like its popular image with the public

The Chinese from California became the major source of labor for the transcontinental railroad because

they worked for lower wages than what whites would accept

The Chinese from California became the major source of labor for the transcontinental railroad in part because

they worked for lower wages than what whites would accept

Before 1860 the Traditional policy of the federal government was to regard Indians partly as

wards of the President of the US

Before 1860, the traditional policy of the federal government was to regard indians

wards of the president of the United States;

In the late 19th Century the surge of farming settlement in the west

was a result of many factor but the most important was the railroad

The 1876 Battle of Little Big Horn

was a short-lived Indian victory

The 1876 Battle of Little Bighorn

was a short-lived Indian victory

In 1890, the "ghost dance"

was a spiritual revival among Plains Indians;

In 1890, the "ghost dance"

was a spiritual revival among Plains Indians; spiritual awakening, the coming of the messiah; inspired ecstatic visions of images of white people retreating from the plains and a restoration of the buffalo

In 1890 the ghost dance

was a spirtiul revival among Plains Indians

The Homestead Act of 1862

was expanded by the Timber Culture Act

The homestead act of 1862

was expanded by the Timber Culture Act

By the mid-1840's, the American west

was extensively populated

By the mid-1840s, the American West

was extensively populated

In the late 19th century, fences for plains farms

were usually made from barbed wire;

In the late 19th century, fences for plains farms

were usually made from barbed wire; 1873- illinois- joseph h glidden & i l ellwood; barbed wire= standard eqipment on the pains & revolutionized fencing practices

In his writings during late 1800s, the popular author Hamlin Garland

reflected the growing disillusionment of western farmers

In his writings during the late 1800s, the popular author Hamlin Garland

reflected the growing disillusionment of western farmers

In his writings during the late 1800s the popular author Harlim Garlands

reflected the growing dissillusionment of western farmers

The Dawes Act of 1887

was viewed by the U.S. government as a plan to save the Indians

The Dawes Act of 1887

was viewed by the United States government as a plan to save the Indians

The Dawes Act of 1887

was viewed by the United States government as a plan to save the Indians;

In the late 19th century, "range wars" in the west

were between white American ranchers and farmers

All of the following writers and artists, significant contributions to the romanticizing of the American West

NOT James Whistler;

All of the following writers and artists, significant contributions to the romanticizing of the American West

NOT James Whistler; Frederic Remington, Mark Twain, Theodore Roosevelt, Frederick Jackson Turner

Significant sources of resentment for the late 19th century farmers?

NOT state governments

In the 1870s in the Far West, the largest single Chinese community was located in

San Francisco

Based on the above painting, the group depicted most likely would come from

The American Great Plains west of the Mississippi River and east of the Rocky Mountains

By 1900, one of the three American territories that had not been granted statehood was

Colorado

During the late 19th century, Plains farm life A. was marked by active community life B. became increasingly profitable for most C. was generally admired by the growing urban public D. often lacked any access to the outside world E. All of the above

D. often lacked any access to the outside world

All of the following writers and artists made significant contributions to the romanticizing of the American West EXCEPT A. Frederic Remington B. Mark Twain C. Theodore Roosevelt D. James Whistler E. Frederick Jackson Turner

E. Frederick Jackson Turner

In 1870s in the far west the single largest Chinese Community was located in

San Francisco

In the 1870s, in the Far West the largest single Chinese community was located in

San Francisco

In the 1870s, in the far west the largest single chinese community

San Francisco

Chinese tong were

Secret Societies

The Cornstock Lode primarily produced

Silver

The town that reigned as the railhead of the cattle kingdom for many years was

Abilene Kansas

In the late 19th century, in regards to western agriculture A. the prices paid for American farm goods rose after the 1880s B. the reality of farming was very much like its popular image little effort with the public C. commercial farmers were not self-sufficient and made little effort to become so D. increasingly, more farmers owned the land on which they worked E. American farm families were relatively unaffected by the effects of world production

C. commercial farmers were not self-sufficient and made little effort to become so

All of the following writers and artists made significant contributions to the romanticizing of the American West EXCEPT

James Whistler

all of the following writers and artists made significantly contributions to the romanticizing the American West exceptFrederic Remington. Mark Twain. Theodore Roosevelt. James Whistler. Frederick Jackson Turner.

James Whistler

In the late 19th century, major western industries

NOT fur trading

Which of the following statements regarding Hispanic New Mexico is FALSE?

Taos Indians, allied with Navajo and Apaches, forced out Anglo-Americans until 1847

the Dawes Act of 1887

Was designed to force Indians to become landowners and farmers

Which tribe should NOT be included among the Plains Indians? Yurok Sioux Arapaho Pawnee

Yurok

The decimation of American buffalo herds in the late nineteenth century

all of the above

The western cattle industry saw Mexican ranchers first develop

all of the above

In the 1850s the US policy of Concentration for Indians

assigned all tribes to their own defined Reservations

In the 1850s, the United States policy of "concentration" for Indians

assigned all tribes to their own defined reservations

In the 1850's, the united states policy of "concentration" for indians

assigned all tribes to their own defined reservations;

The Chinese exclusion of 1862

banned Chinese in the United States from becoming Naturalized Citizens

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

banned Chinese in the United States from becoming naturalized citizens

In the late nineteenth century, fences for Plains farms were usually made from

barbed wire

The chinese from California became the major source of labor for the transcontinental railroad

because they worked for lower wages than what whites would accept

The indian teacher who said "I am tired. My heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands, i will fight no more forever,"

chief joseph

In the late 19th century, in regards to western agriculture

commercial farmers were not self-sufficient and made little effort to become so

In the late nineteenth century, in regards to western agriculture

commercial farmers were not self-sufficient and made little effort to become so

In the 1880s, the open-range cattle industry declined as a result of

competition from Mexico

By the Mid 1840s, the American West

contained few migrants from the US

Indian tribes of the Pacific coast of the far west

creek was NOT found on the Pacific coast of the Far West

In the 1880s, the open range cattle industry declined as a result of

drought

In the 1880's decline of the open range cattle industry

due to drought

In the "significance of the frontier in american history" Frederick Jackson Turner

end of the frontier marked the end of one of the most democratizing forces in American life

During the 1840s, Hispanics living in California

lost ownership of large areas of lands

during the mid 19th century Hispanics living in California

lost ownership of large areas of lands

In the mid 19th century, The plane indians were

mostly sedentary farmers

In the 1840's and 1850's in the far west, the response by white americans to the Chinese

moved from initial acceptance of them to gradual opposition

In the 1840s and 1850s, in the Far West, the response by white Americans to the Chinese

moved from initial acceptance of them to gradual opposition

In the mid 1840s and 1850s, in the Far West, the response by white Americans to the Chinese

moved from initial acceptance to gradual hostility

Women in nineteenth-century western mining towns

often found work doing domestic tasks

Women in the 19th Century in western mining towns

often found work doing domestic tasks

During the late nineteenth century, Plains farm life

often lacked access to the outside world

During the 19th Century plain farm life

often lacked any access to the outside world

In Owen Wister's novel, The Virginian (1902), the American cowboy was

portrayed as a simple and virtuous frontiersman

In Owen Wister's novel, the Virginian (1902), the american cowboy was

portrayed as a simple and virtuous frontiersman

in Owen Wisters Novel the Virginian the American Cowboy was

portrayed as a simple and virtuous frontiersman

In the late 19th century, the popular image of the American west

presented a heroic image of cowboys, perceived the region to be a place offering true freedom, was promoted by the Rocky Mountain School

Mining in the west

produced the region's first economic boom

In the late nineteenth century, "Range wars" in the West were between

white American ranchers and farmers

In the late nineteenth century, "range wars" in the West were often between

white American ranchers and farmers

Chinese tongs were A. secret societies B. prostitutes C. Chinese community officials D. merchants E. indentured servants

A. secret societies

After the Civil War, cattle driven on the Chisholm Trail ended the journey in

Abilene, Kansas

Early in 1866, a massive joint cattle drive from Texas to Missouri saw the herds suffer heavy losses. proved that cattle could be driven to distant markets. established a link to the booming urban markets of the East. both proved that cattle could be driven to distant markets, and established a link to the booming urban markets of the East. All these answers are correct.

All These answers are correct

The sand creek massacre of 1864involved the killing of Indian women and children. saw the death of Chief Black Kettle. was carried out by George Custer. moved Colonel J. M. Chivington to denounce the U.S. Army. All these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct

In the second half of the nineteenth century, the working class in the western economy was highly multiracial. highly stratified along racial lines. paid higher wages than workers in the East. both highly multiracial and paid higher wages than workers in the East. All these answers are correct.

All these Answers are correct

The Western cattle industry saw Mexican ranchers develop saddles. spurs. lariats. leather chaps. All these answers are correct.

All these Answers are correct

The Decimation American Buffalo herds in the late 19th Century destroyed the ability of Plains Indians to resist the advance of white settlers. was accelerated by the eastern fad of owning a buffalo robe. happened almost entirely in the space of a single decade. was fostered by the railroad companies. All these answers are correct.

All these answers are correct

In the late 19th Century the popular image of the American West presented a heroic image of cowboys. perceived the region to be a place offering true freedom. was promoted by the Rocky Mountain School. both presented a heroic image of cowboys, and was promoted by the Rocky Mountain School. All these answers are correct.

All these answers are correct.

By 1900 one of the three American territories in the Contigous US that had not been granted statehood was

Arizona

The Chinese from California became the major source of labor for the transcontinental railroad because A. they had no other employment prospects B. they worked for lower wages than what whites would accept C. most were experienced in railroad construction D. most were forced into working for the railroads E. their more well-established unions won the railroad contracts

B. they worked for lower wages than what whites would accept

By the 1840s, the American West A. contained few migrants from the U.S. B. was extensively populated C. had seen the elimination of nearly all Indian tribes D. closely resembled its popular image E. was still an empty, desolate land

B. was extensively populated

Which of the following statements regarding Hispanic New Mexico is FALSE? A. At the time of the Mexican War, Hispanics greatly outnumbered Anglo Americans B. The Spanish had settlements in the area since the 17th century C. Taos Indians, allied with Navajo and Apaches, forced out Anglo-Americans until 1847 D. Military victories by the U.S. Army led to a large increase in Hispanic migration E. Descendants of the original settlers engaged primarily in cattle and sheep ranching

C. Taos Indians, allied with Navajo and Apaches, forced out Anglo-Americans until 1847

Before 1860, the traditional policy of the federal government was to regard Indians as A. members of dependent states B. a natural enemy of the U.S. C. wards of the president of the United States D. non humans E. citizens of the U.S.

C. wards of the president of the United States

The 1876 Battle of the Little Big Horn A. took place in Wyoming B. saw the destruction of the entire 7th Cavalry C. was a short lived Indian victory D. marked the start of prolonged warfare in the Dakotas E. saw the Sioux united under Sitting Bull and Geronimo

C. was a short lived Indian victory

The Indian leader who said I am tired my heart is sick and sad from where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever was

Chief Joseph

Which of the following Indian Tribes was not found on the Pacific coast of the far west Chumash Chinook Pomo Creek Serrano

Creek

Which of the following Indian tribes was NOT found on the Pacific coast of the Far West?

Creek

Which of the following statements regarding Hispanic New Mexico is FALSE? At the time of the Mexican War, Hispanics greatly outnumbered Anglo-Americans. The Spanish had settlements in the area since the seventeenth century. Taos Indians, allied with Navajos and Apaches, forced out Anglo-Americans until 1847. By the 1870s, the government of New Mexico was dominated by "territorial rings" of Anglo business people and politicians. Descendants of the original settlers engaged primarily in cattle and sheep ranching.

Descendants of the original settlers engaged primarily in cattle and sheep ranching.

In Own Wister's novel "The Virginian" the American cowboy was A. castigated for his poor relations with Indians, Mexicans and Chinese B. lamented as having lost his innocence and decency C. seen as fast disappearing as urbanization spread west D. criticized for being too quick to use violence E. portrayed as a simple and virtuous frontiersman

E. portrayed as a simple and virtuous frontiersman

Mining in the west A. did not see any great mineral strikes after the Civil War B. flourished until the 1930s C. saw corporations move in first, followed by individual prospectors D. kept ranchers and farmers from establishing their own economic base E. produced the region's first economic boom

E. produced the region's first economic boom

In 1886 the end of formal warfare between the United states and American Indians was marked by the Surrender of

Geronimo

Which of the following best explains how the environment of the Great Plains Indians would have been impacted by the 16th century European contact?

The introduction of the horse allowed the Plains Indians to hunt buffalo more efficiently

Before encountering the Europeans in the late 15th century, American Indian nations on the Atlantic coast developed what type of settlements?

The northeast Indian nations' economic systems tended to be based on hunting and gathering, and they were sedentary

Which of the following was the most significant "pull factor" in the decision of Freedmen (former slaves) to "go to Kansas?"

The rumor that Freedmen would receive free land and money to begin a new life

In the late 19th Century range wars in the west wars in the west were often between

White American Ranchers and farmers

In the 1860s, cattle drives from Texas to Missouri

both A and B

In the late nineteenth century, the popular image of the American West

both A and B

In the second half of the nineteenth century, the working class in the western economy was

both A and B

The decimation of American buffalo herds of the late nineteenth century

both A and B

The decimation of American buffalo herds in the late nineteenth century

buffalo provide food and supplies; leather can be made into belts, riflemen go on shooting expeditions to kill large numbers of buffalo, buffalo were also obtrusions to railroad track ways, destroyed indians source of food and supplies and their ability to resist the white advance

William Cody's Wild West Shows

proved to be popular in Europe as well as the US

During the mid 19th Century in the far west the term Coolie

referred to Chinese Indentured Servant

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

resulted in the deportation of half of the Chinese in the United States

In the 1840s and 1850s in the far west the response by white Americans to the Chinese

was one of the consistent hostility

Before 1860, the traditional policy of the federal government was to regard indians

wards of the president of the United States; as independent nations and as wards of the president and to negotiate treaties with them that were solemnly ratified by the senate

Chinese tongs

were secret societies

The town that reigned as the railhead of the cattle kingdom for many years was

Abilene, Kansas

The town which reigned as the railhead of the cattle kingdom for many years

Abilene, Kansas

In the 1860's, cattle drivers from texas to missouri

saw the herds suffer heavy losses, proved that cattle could be driven to distant markets, established a link to the booming urban markets of the East

In 1890, at wounded knee, south dakota

the U.S. Seventh Cavalry massacred two hundred Indians; december 29, 1890- 350 cold/starving Sioux; dispute, 1-sided massacre, white soldiers turned revolving cannons on indians

Women in the 19th century western mining towns A. were nearly all single when they first arrived B. had few economic opportunities outside of prostitution C. often found work doing domestic tasks D. generally worked as miners E. often greatly outnumber the men

C. often found work doing domestic tasks

The Indian leader who said, "I am tired. My heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever," was

Chief Joseph

Indian tribes included among the Plains Indians

Chumash NOT included among the Plains Indians

In the mid-nineteenth century, the Plains indians were

the most widespread Indian groups in the West

In the 1860s cattle drives from Texas to Missouri A. saw the herds suffer heavy losses B. proved that cattle could be driven to distant markets C. established a link to the booming urban markets of the East D. both B and C E. All of the above

E. All of the above

In the 19th century, the popular image of the American West A. presented a heroic image of cowboys B. perceived the region to be a place offering true freedom C. was promoted by the Rocky Mountain School D. both A and C E. All of the above

E. All of the above

In the 2nd half of the 19th century, the working class in the western economy was A. highly multiracial B. highly divided along racial lines C. paid higher wages than workers in the East D. both highly multiracial and paid higher wages than workers in the East

E. All of the above

The decimation of American buffalo herds in the late 19th century A. destroyed the ability of Plains Indians ti resist the advance of white settlers B. was accelerated by Indian tribes who killed large #s of buffalo to sell to white Americans C. happened almost entirely in the space of a single decade D. happened almost entirely in the space of a single decade, destroying the ability of Plains Indians to resist the advance of white settlers E. All of the above

E. All of the above

In 1886 the end of formal warfare between the US and American Indians was marked by the surrender of A. Cochise B. Wovoka C. Mangas Colorados D. Sitting Bull E. Geronimo

E. Geronimo

During the 19th century, in the Far West the term "coolie" A. was a description for all Asian immigrants B. was an epithet used by whites to describe members of Chinese tongs C. applied to all non-Indians who came to the Far West before the California gold rush D. was a slang term for prostitutes in mining towns E. referred to Chinese indentured servants

E. referred to Chinese indentured servants

In the late 19th century, the western agricultural economy A. attracted mostly settlers who had little to no experience with farming B. saw the Plains states experience a drought during the 1870s C. began a long and steady improvement after 1880 D. saw the development of massive irrigation projects E. saw the railroad become the most important factor in its development

E. saw the railroad become the most important factor in its development

In the mid-19th century, the Plains Indians were A. usually able to unite against white aggression B. not as vulnerable to disease as eastern tribes C. among the least aggressive of all American Indians D. mostly sedentary farmers E. the most widespread Indian groups in the West

E. the most widespread Indian groups in the West

The Homestead Act of 1862 A. gave without condition 160 acres to all settlers who would move to the West B. only applied to public lands within the borders of an organized state C. saw settlers on the Plains complain the claims were too large for grain farming D. proved to be enormously popular with western ranchers In the 2nd half of the 19th century, the working class in the western economy was A. highly multiracial B. highly divided along racial lines C. paid higher wages than workers in the East D. both highly multiracial and paid higher wages than workers in the East E. All of the above

E. was expanded by the Timber Culture Act

In the 19th century, "range wars" in the West were between A. white Americans and Indians B. white American ranchers and Mexican ranchers C. white American ranchers and Chinese ranchers D. individual white American ranchers and large American ranching corporations E. white American ranchers and farmers

E. white American ranchers and farmers

Statements regarding Hispanic New Mexico

FALSE: Taos Indians, allied with Navajo and Apaches, forced out Anglo-Americans until 1847

In 1886, the end of formal warfare between the United States and American Indians was marked by the surrender of

Geronimo

The western cattle industry, Mexican ranchers **

all of the above

In the 1850s the U.S. policy of "concentration" for Indians

assigned all tribes to their own defined reservations

In the 1850's, the united states policy of "concentration" for indians

assigned all tribes to their own defined reservations; each tribe was assigned its own defined reservation confirmed by separate treaties often illegitimately negotiated with unauthorized representatives chosen by whites (aka treaty chiefs)

In his writings during the 1800's, the popular author Hamlin Garland

reflected the growing disillusionment of western farmers

The chinese exclusion act of 1882

resulted in the deportation of half of the Chinese in the United States

The Sand Creek Massacre of 1864

involved the killing of Indian women and children

The sand creek massacre of 1864

involved the killing of Indian women and children; colorado 1864- arapaho+cheyenne+chief black kettle vs. drunk white miners+colonel j.m. chivington; massacred 133 ppl (105 women/kids)

During the mid-nineteenth century, Hispanics living in California

lost ownership of large areas of land

During the 1840's, Hispanics living in California

lost ownership of large areas of lands

During the late 19th century, plains farm life

often lacked any access to the outside world

William Cody's Wild West shows

proved to be popular in Europe as well as the United States