1919-1941 Quizlet for the Quiz

Second Sino-Japanese War

..._________________ Many historians actually would even consider this the beginning of World War II. While, some of them say, ok this is the beginning of the Asian Theater of World War II of the all-out war between Japan and China, but it isn't until Germany invades Poland in 1939 that you truly have the formal beginning,

It was when the Navel powers gathered together to figure ut how to stop wars but it failed because wars started anyways

1921 & 1922 Washington Naval Conference. What was it, why was it important following WWI, and why did it ultimately end/fail?

Fascist Party, named after the symbol of fasces (Represented by the hammer/axe wrapped in wood rods) to symbolize unity. Mussolini became the head of government.

1921 & 1922 What party did Benito Mussolini found? Why that name? What role was he given in the latter year?

Soviet Union/USSR to portray themselves as supporting the working class

1922 Russia re-brands itself into the ______________________________________________. Why that name?

This was a Pact to outlaw war, however it failed and it leaves a positive legacy

1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact: What was it, why was it important following WWI, and why did it ultimately end/fail? Does it have a positive legacy at all?

Stalin

1929 ______________________________ becomes leader/president (of the Communist Party)/dictator of country above (largely because he ordered the executions of all of his biggest rivals by this point).

"The only thing to fear is fear itself."

1933 March 4th to be exact - FDR was inaugurated and most famously said_____________________________________

Ethiopia

1935 Italy invaded __________________________

This banned the US from supplying weaponry and other supplies to other countries.

1935 U.S. passes first NEUTRALITY ACT: what does it do and why was it passed? The link below will be a huge help!

Spanish Guernica The context of painting was war-torn, showed chaos, even showed a horse getting stabbed.

1936 The ____________________ Civil War begins, famously captured in ____________________, the 1937 painting by Pablo Picasso. What is the context for the painting? What happened?

Hitler sent 20,000 troops, ultimately breaking the Treaty of Versailles made from World War I. This is one of the things that influenced Worl War II.

1936 What happened in the Rhineland? Why was that significant/symbolic/important?

Quarantine The US wasn't in the Treaty of Versailles, therefore it couldn't call for world action

1937 FDR gives his _______________________ speech: how does the Treaty of Versailles make that goal unlikely?

The US made the Neutrality Act stricter and expanded it, FDR started to fight for "cash and carry".

1937 How did the outbreak of the Civil War in the last question change the Neutrality Act above (see the link again)?

The annexation of Austria by Germany

1938 The Anschluss - what's that?

FDR pushed ro expand cash and carry so they could help Allies and trade with belligerent countries.

1939 How did all of this change the last version of the Neutrality Act (see the link above again)?

6 months Germany violated it by invading Poland

1939 How long did it take the Germans to violate the Munich Agreement? How did they violate it?

2 days later

1939 How many days later did Great Britain and France declare war?

9 days later, Germany invades Poland ultimately breaking the Munich agreement

1939 How many days later did World War II officially start? What happened on that day?

Germany and Russia, so they wouldn't hurt each other during a time of taking land (like thats going to last)

1939 What two countries signed the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact on August 23? Why?

If England and France were to go to war would the US stay out? The initial response was yes but as France and England were going to war it was seen as a threat to democracy.

1939 What was the October 2nd poll question and how did Americans respond?

Sept, 17th

1939 When did the other signatory nation to the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact invade [Poland]?

The US agreed to trade old US destroyers in-exchange for use of British bases.

1940 America could barely/hardly/not really argue it was still neutral by the summer - why?

He said that the US would not go to war by the time of his next election however the government did create a draft for the military and increased defense training. (SO YEAH tottallly not going to war) Anyways he won 449/531 electoral votes.

1940 What contradictory action/words were taken the U.S. government and FDR? What percentage of the electoral vote did FDR earn in November?

"If it appears that Germany is defeating England and France, should the United States declare war on Germany and send our army and navy to Europe to fight?" Majority said no. 77% said no

1940 What was the February 21st poll question and how did Americans respond?

George Washinton because they wanted to remind the government about Washington's isolationism views.

1940 Whose image was displayed at the meeting of the Committee to Defend America First? Why?

Land Lease It allowed FDR getting away with giving US Allies supplies and weaponry.

1941 In March, Congress passes the ___________________________ Act: what did it do?

Japan was upset that the US had cut off their oil supply (Japan had 80% of oil from US) and they had a goal to take over a sphere of the Earth for Japan.

1941 Japan occupies Indochina: some people argue the U.S. reaction helped cause the attack on Pearl Harbor. Why?

The invasion of the Soviet Union by the Nazi government and some Allies. This started the World War II

1941 Operation Barbarossa: arguably the reason the Allies ultimately won the war. What was it?

The Atlantic Charter was a joint declaration of war aims. It was clear that the US was not neutral because FDR was with Churchill and discussing.

1941 The Atlantic Charter is published after nearly a dozen secret meetings. What was it and why was it TOTALLY clear the U.S. is barely/hardly/not really neutral?

Neutrality Acts & the Nye Committee

1941 The Neutrality Acts were started by Congress in the 1930s in response to the upcoming war in Europe. Many polls were discussed on whether or not the US should go to war. The Nye Committee was the government part responsible of the economic decisions before and after World War 1

"Do you think it was a mistake for the United States to enter the war?" 46% Republicans say yes and 33% of Democrats say yes.

1941 What was the December 16th poll question and how did Americans respond?

Atlantic Charter

1941-Pledge signed by US president FDR and British prime minister Winston Churchill not to acquire new territory as a result of WWII and to work for peace after the war

Committee to Defend America First

Advocated isolationism and opposed FDR's reelection in 1940. Committee members urged neutrality, claiming that the U.S. could stand alone regardless of Hitler's advances on Europe.

Communists

And we do remember what is happening in China in the 1930s. China is embroiled in a civil war. So there is a civil war going on in China. And that civil war is between the Nationalists, the Kuomintang, and the ________________

Lend-Lease Act

Approved by Congress in 1941. Had given FDR unlimited authority to give supplies and weaponry to the Allies of the US (France and Britain).

"a date which will live in infamy—the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan."

December 7th - what did FDR famously say about this date?

Appeasement

In 1938 we had Anschluss (the unification of Austria) and then Germany took over the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia. The Allied Powers however wanted to appease Hilter and just leave him alone because they don't want to start another war. In 1939, Germans took over Bohemia and Moravia. The Allied powers are uncomfy but are hoping that Germany stops.

Manchuria (in China)

In the early 1900s it had already occupied... It had already occupied Korea as of 1910. and in 1931 it invades ____________

1933 The President of Germany named Hitler the leader of the Nazi Party, and (as you should know) is a Major enemy in World War II

January 30th to be exact - arguably the worst day in human history...why?

1931 China

Japan invaded Manchuria (where is that, by the way?).

The Munich Conference was basically the cutting up of Czechoslovakia to appease German. The country that wasn't invited was Czechoslovakia (whoops).It was terrible.

The Munich Conference: who was there and - maybe most importantly - what country wasn't invited? What was the outcome and what does the word "appeasement" have to do with it? Guess what the reaction to the agreement was?

1919

The Treaty of Versailles formally/finally ends World War I