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What were the three goals of the Radical Republicans?

1. Prevent the leaders of the Confederacy from returning to power. 2. Make the Republican Party the most powerful institution in the South. 3. Wanted the federal government to help African Americans achieve political equality by guaranteeing their right to vote in the South.

What was the condition of the South at the end of the Civil War?

A defeated region with a devestated economy.

What was the "New South" advocated by Southern leaders?

A place based on a strong industrial economy with closer ties to the North.

What were the tasks of the Freedmen's Bureau?

Feeding and clothing war refugees in the South using surplus army supplies. Helped formerly enslaved people find work on plantations and negotiated labor contracts with planters.

Why did Lincoln block the Wade-Davis Bill with a pocket veto?

He felt that imposing a harsh peace would only alienate many whites in the South.

What did the Fifteenth Amendment declare?

It declared that the right to vote " shall not be denied... on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."

What was the purpose of the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

It would grant citizenship to all people born in the United States except for Native Americans. It override black codes and allowed African Americans to own property, and be treated equally in court, government.

What was Johnson's restoration program?

It would pardon all former citizens of the Confederacy (including ones Lincoln excluded) who took and oath of loyalty to the Union and to return to their property.

What helped end Reconstruction?

The Compromise of 1877. Hayes pulled federal troops out of the South which made the remaining Republican government in the South collapse.

What did some Southern opponents of Reconstruction do to undermine Republican rule?

The organized secret societies (KKK) and terrorized anyone supporting the Republican governments.

When African Americans gained the right to vote, how did they become involved in politics?

They became legislators and administrators in government. They served as delegates to the conventions that created the new states constitutions. Won elections to numeral local offices, served in Southern State legislatures, were elected to the House of Representatives and served in the Senate.

Why did the Radical Republicans introduce the Fourteenth Amendment, and to whom did it grant citizenship?

They feared the Civil Rights Act might later be overturned in court and granted citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the U.S.

Who were carpetbaggers and how did they get their name?

They were a large number of Northerners who traveled to the South during Reconstruction. They got their name because some arrived with their belongings in suitcases made of carpet fabric.

What was the purpose of Reconstruction?

To rebuild the nation after the war.