2.3 Knowledge Check

If the force of the explosion was focused onto a smaller _____ of the window, then the pressure of the explosion on the window would be even greater.

area

When Tyler is punched the molecules of his body do not disperse because they are held together tightly in the _____ phase of matter.

solid

The heat generated from the explosion is absorbed by the building and increases the temperature of the building. The property that relates how much heat energy is needed to increase the temperature is known as the _____ of the building.

specific heat

Based on the definition of specific heat and the information provide below, if the same amount of heat is added to 1 kg of all these substances, which substance will raise in temperature to the highest value? Specific Heat Values (J/kg°C) of Different Materials: Aluminum: 897 Helium: 5193 Steel: 490 Water: 4182

steel

The apartment's explosion, reportedly caused by a gas leak, produced a violent release of gas and heat. The heat increased the _____ of the air in the room, which means an increase in the air's molecular kinetic energy.

temperature

The character laying on the ground has just been burnt by a chemical known as potassium hydroxide, made from a potassium atom, an oxygen atom, and a hydrogen atom. This means that potassium hydroxide (like most substances) is a _____.

compound

The molecules in Tyler are composed of carbon and other atoms that share one or more electrons between two atoms, forming what is known as a(n) _____ bond.

covalent

As the building collapses, the volume of air inside the building decreases, while the mass of the air stays the same. This means that the _____ of the air inside the building will increase.

density

The pressure on the windows was generated by air pushing on the windows, which is the average _____ the air molecules are applying over the surface area of the glass.

force

The air inside the building is easily pressed out the windows because the air is composed of widely spaced molecules in the _____ phase.

gas

The temperature in the room is rising because the explosion is releasing _____ energy into the air, increasing the speed of the air molecules in the room.

heat

Like sodium and chloride in table salt, the potassium atom is bonded to the oxygen atom in potassium hydroxide by the transfer of an electron from the potassium atom to the oxygen atom to create a(n) _____ bond.

ionic

Most of the carbon atoms in Tyler have 6 neutrons, but about 1% of them have 7 neutrons. These different types of carbon atoms are known as _____ of carbon.

isotopes

The vinegar, used to neutralize the chemical burns, was poured from a bottle onto the burn. It was able to be poured because it is a _____, a phase of matter that allows molecules to move past each other while still keeping the molecules close together.

liquid

Buildings are more dense than the surrounding air. This means that they have more _____ per volume than the air and will stay on the ground instead of floating up into the atmosphere.

mass

If the building absorbed so much heat that it turned into a liquid, then it would have undergone a phase change known as _____.

melting

The element carbon is found on the right side of the periodic table and is known as a _____, which means that it is normally a poor conductor of heat and electricity and is dull and brittle.

non-metal

If the punch was instead a slap, the same force would be distributed over a larger contact area and it would lower the _____ of the blow.

pressure

The number of _____ in the atom is what determines whether the atom is a potassium atom, a hydrogen atom, or an oxygen atom.

protons

What is the full definition of specific heat?

The amount of heat required to increase the temperature of one unit of mass of a material by one degree Celsius.