3: Ch. 7&9

Problem recognition occurs when a consumer... a. evaluates her or his purchase b. searches for information to resolve a problem c. is exposed to a television advertisement desired state and an actual condition d. becomes aware that there is a difference between a desired state and an actual condition e. recognizes a need and evaluates for information to resolve a problem

d. becomes aware that there is a difference between a desired state and an actual condition

Walmart is currently expanding its stores into Canada and Mexico. This expansion is being facilitated by the... a. NAFTA b. EU c. PRUA d. LAFTA e. IRAA

a. NAFTA

At the heart of the _______ are agreements that provide legal ground rules for international commerce and trade policy. a. WTO b. MERCOUSUR c. APEC d. GATT e. United Nations

a. WTO

After purchasing a new Lexus, Brandon sees an Infinity pass by on the street and begins to wonder if he made the right choice. Brandon is experiencing... a. cognitive dissonance b. internal search c. alternative evaluation d. framing e. problem recognition

a. cognitive dissonance

Which of the following lists the levels of involvement in global marketing form the lowest to the highest? a. domestic marketing, limited exporting, multinational marketing, regional marketing, globalized marketing b. globalized mrkt, multinational mrkt, regional mrkt, limited export, domestic mrkt c. domestic mrkt, globalized mrkt, regional mrkt, multinational mrkt, limited export d. limited export, domestic mrkt, globalized mrkt, multinational mrkt, regional mrkt e. regional mrkt, multinational mrkt, limited export, domestic mrkt, globalized mrkt

a. domestic marketing, limited exporting, multinational marketing, regional marketing, globalized marketing

As Brianna walks to classes, she selects, organizes, and interprets the sensations she is receiving through her sense organs. Brianna is experiencing the process of... a. perception b. exposure c. motivation d. learning e. attitude formation

a. perception

Caterpillar, maker of large construction equipment in the U.S., would like to better understand factors that would affect its ability to export its products to various countries. Which of the following forces determine how trade barriers affect Caterpillar's marketing efforts a. political and legal b. industrial and technological c. economic and political d. economic e. technological and legal

a. political and legal

If Germany, in an attempt to bolster the sales of its own auto manufacturers, decided to limit the number of automobiles that could be brought in from other countries, Germany would be using a... a. quota b. embargo c. boycott d. exchange control e. import tariff.

a. quota

The country with the highest GDP is... a. the U.S. b. Brazil c. China d. Japan e. the U.K.

a. the U.S.

The gross domestic product is... a. a ratio of domestic products to products produced in foreign countries b. an overall measure of a nation's economic standing c. a measure of the profit made by all firms in a nation d. a measure of the types of products produced by a nation e. the average annual earnings per person in a nation

b. an overall measure of a nation's economic standing

The Cooper Tire & Rubber Company has been searching for less expensive raw materials for manufacturing its bicycle tires. Cooper has found that there are less expensive sources in the country of Indonesia, but it needs to form a partnership with the government of Indonesia in order to gain access to the country's rubber. What type of partnership will need to be formed? a. a multinational enterprise b. a joint venture c. a strategic alliance d. a contract manufacturing arrangement e. a franchise

b. a joint venture

Children often achieve ____ by observing parents and older siblings in purchase situations and then through their own purchase experiences. a. social class b. consumer socialization c. attitude formation d. personality e. role identification

b. consumer socialization

If Hyundai, a Korean automobile manufacturing firm, started selling its cars at unfairly low prices to Germany, Hyundai would be engaging in... a. embargoing b. dumping c. shoveling d. dipping e. quota-enforcing

b. dumping

Chloe and Max are searching for a health club to join. This purchase will likely be affected by ____ involvement. a. low b. enduring c. perceived d. evoked e. internal

b. enduring

Beth Hines is buying furniture for her apartment for the first time. She is spending considerable time and effort comparing the products that different stores offer. Which type of decision-making process is she using? a. routinized b. extended c. intensive d. selective e. shopping

b. extended

Both Nike and Adidas standardize many of their shoe models and colors worldwide, which is an example of ______. a. customization b. globalization c. nationalization d. culturalization e. internationalization

b. globalization

Globalization of markets requires developing marketing strategies as if the world were one market. Which of the following marketing mix variables is most difficult to standardize for globalization? a. product characteristics b. media allocation c. brand name d. labels e. package

b. media allocation

Some hospitals in the United States find that their need for radiologists to read X-rays is volatile during the evening and early morning hours, especially between 2:00 and 6:00 am. This is because the number of emergency room visits needing X-rays is usually lower than those required during daytime operating hours. There is a recent trend where hospitals in the United States are contracting radiologists from countries such as Australia to read the electronically-transmitted X-rays during the evening and early morning hours. This is an example of... a. contract sourcing b. outsourcing c. franchising d. contract manufacturing e. licensing

b. outsourcing

A business partnership between a domestic firm and a foreign firm is known as... a. exporting b. an international partnership c. joint venture d. licensing e. multinational enterprise

c. joint venture

Abercrombie & Fitch is developing a program to get to know its customers. Which of the following is not a reason why A&F needs to understand consumer buying behavior? a. a firm should create a marketing mix that satisfies customers b. customer's reactions to marketing strategy can impact the firm's success c. the marketing concept stress that a firm should know its customers d. all customers are the same when it comes to buying behavior e. it helps the marketer predict how consumer will respond to marketing strategies

d. all customers are the same when it comes to buying behavior

Melanie prefers to shop at Target for most of her household needs even though the same products and brands are available at Kmart. She prefers the service, location, and friendliness of the employees at Target. Melanie's reasons that influence her decision to shop at Target are called... a. social needs b. learning processes c. retailer attitudes d. patronage motives e. product attitudes

d. patronage motives

Franchising offers all the following benefits for franchisers except... a. the franchiser's revenue stream is fairly consistent because franchisees pay fixed fees and royalties b. franchise agreements require a certain standard of behavior form franchisee, which helps protect the franchise name c. franchisers do not have to put a large capital investment d. the franchisee's revenue stream is fairly consistent because franchisers pay fixed fees and royalties e. franchisers can retain control of their name while increasing global penetration of their products.

d. the franchisee's revenue stream is fairly consistent because franchisers pay fixed fees and royalties

IKEA, a Swedish retailer of contemporary furniture, operates several stores in various Scandinavian countries, as well as in the United States and Canada. Which of the following describes IKEA's level of commitment to international marketing? a. licensing b. exporting c. trading co. d. joint venture e. direct ownership

e. direct ownership

High Plains Furnishings, a furniture manufacturer in southern Montana, markets its furniture products in markets within the United States. It has also found several niche target markets in Finland, Chile, and Argentina. High Plains Furnishings is engaging in... a. localized marketing and globalized marketing b. domestic marketing and international exporting c. localized marketing and domestic marketing d. globalized marketing e. domestic marketing and limited exporting

e. domestic marketing and limited exporting

Levi Strauss markets its denim jeans in many countries and develops its marketing strategy as if the world were a single market. This approach to selling a standardized product in all countries represents which type of international marketing? a. exporting b. limited exporting c. accidental exporting d. licensing e. globalization of markets

e. globalization of markets

Experience has shown you that your customers' buying decisions can be significantly impacted by situational influences. You are analyzing past sales activities to better understand how these factors translate into sales impacts. Which of the following statements is true about situational influences on the consumer's buying decision process? a. situational influences are only relevant in the purchasing stage of the CBDP b. the day of the week does not have a situational influence on the CBDP c. location is not a factor that contributes to situational influences on the CBDP d. time is not a factor that contributes to situational influences on the CBDP e. if the consumer is fatigued this could potentially be a situational influence on their CBDP

e. if the consumer is fatigued this could potentially be a situational influence on their CBDP

Which of the following is most likely to engage in direct ownership activities internationally? a. import department structures b. outsourcing structures c. export department structures d. international division structures e. internationally integrated structures

e. internationally integrated structures

Italy currently limits the number of Coach bags that can be imported during a one-year period, since Coach bags are made in New York, USA. This is an example of a(an) ____. a. embargo b. supply limit c. import tariff d. exchange control limit e. quota

e. quota

Dave is an owner and manager of three apartment buildings in northern Minnesota. During an exceptionally hot summer the temperatures soared and the toll on the window air conditioners was too much. Seventeen of them have broken down already, and more are probably going to have to be replaced. He has a total of seventy-five apartment units. Dave is now in the process of deciding how to repair the air conditioning. Should he buy new window units for all the buildings, or should he install central air conditioning? What type of decision is Dave facing? a. enduring involvement and limited decision making b. situational involvement and extended decision making c. external involvement and limited decision making d. enduring involvement and extended decision making e. situational involvement and limited decision making

b. situational involvement and extended decision making

In shopping for a new laptop computer for her master's degree program, Jocelyn has narrowed the alternatives to four brands. She is considering Dell, Toshiba, Sony, and Hewlett-Packard. These four brands make-up Jocelyn's... a. external search b. inert set c. awareness set d. consideration set e. framing set

d. consideration set

Firms that have operations or subsidiaries located in many countries are referred to as... a. strategic alliances b. international marketers c. multinational enterprises d. joint ventures e. export alliances

c. multinational enterprises

Maggie has been a loyal customer of Apple for years and likes to own the latest products and looks forward to announcements about product releases. She owns an Apple phone, iPad, and MacBook and hopes to purchase the new model phone when it's released in the Fall. Maggie was talking to one of her friends about Apple and was surprised to learn that Apple was involved in some workforce-related issues at their overseas plant. Her friend was telling her that Apple paid very low wages and people were required to work long hours. Maggie reasoned that this issue must be related to a third-party manufacturer since Apple would never treat their employees this way. She dismisses the incidence and explained to her friend that it must have been an honest mistake. What type of process is Jeremy utilizing with regard to the information about Apple? a. selective distortion b. selective retention c. selective exposure d. selective perception

a. selective distortion

Sometimes business partnerships are formed between traditional rivals competing for market share in the same product class. These partnerships are known as... a. strategic alliances b. contract manufactures c. trading companies d. joint ventures e. licenses

a. strategic alliances

Jennifer is interested in joining Kappa Lambda Iota sorority. She begins to shop at Sarah's, a local store where the Kappas buy their clothes. She also asks her family for a new car because all the sorority members have new cars. In these instances, Jennifer is influenced by... a. personality b. reference group c. role conflict d. consideration set e. knowledge base

b. reference group

Which of the following would be a benefit to a franchiser, such as Jiffy Lube, in expanding into international marketing? a. the franchisee only pays a set fee every month to the franchiser b. the franchiser does not have to put up a large capital investment c. an equal partnership is formed between the franchiser and franchisee d. the franchiser does not have to share its name or operational procedures e. there are no risks involved with allowing a foreign franchisee

b. the franchiser does not have to put up a large capital investment

If a newly formed country wanted to increase its international trade and reduce worldwide tariffs, it would most likely try to become a part of... a. EU b. NAFTA c. WTO d. MERCOUSUR e. APEC

c. WTO

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 makes it illegal for U.S. firms to... a. offer foreign business any type of inventive for purchasing their company's products and services b. change their ethical standards when dealing with foreign firms c. attempt to make large payments or bribes to influence policy decisions of foreign governments d. introduce any type of corruption into foreign businesses that have higher ethical standards than those of the U.S. firm e. give even small tips or gifts in countries where such gifts are customary business practices

c. attempt to make large payments or bribes to influence policy decisions of foreign governments

Which of the following statements about the consumer buying decision process is true? a. although all of the steps in the process are used in all decision processes, the order tends to depend on the customer's level of involvement b. consumers progress through the five stages of the process for all limited decision making decisions c. consumers making limited decision-making decisions may not go through all 5 steps of the process d. once the purchase of a product has been made, the consumer buying decision process is complete e. the key element of the process that exists in all consumer buying decision processes is the purchase of the product

c. consumers making limited decision-making decisions may not go through all 5 steps of the process

The Limited Co. relies on hiring a foreign textile manufacturer to produce a designated amount of clothing for its Express, Limited, and other stores, it is using... a. exporting b. a joint venture c. contract manufacturing d. licensing e. franchising

c. contract manufacturing

The consumer buying decision process involves ______ stages. The first stage is _______, and the last stage is _______. a. five; evaluation of alternatives; post-purchase evaluation b. six; evaluation of alternatives; purchase c. five; problem recognition; post-purchase evaluation d. six; problem recognition; purchase e. five; information search; purchase

c. five; problem recognition; post-purchase evaluation

All of the following are marketer-dominated sources of information except _____. a. packaging b. salespeople c. friends d. displays e. advertising

c. friends

What is the greatest advantage to an organization of having a subsidiary in a foreign nation? a. greater amount of standardization of the marketing mix b. greater amount of security form government nationalization and other anti-competitive measures c. increase in cross-cultural approaches to management allows subsidiaries to develop their own identity d. increased trend toward nationalistic marketing approaches e. avoidance of all U.S. laws

c. increase in cross-cultural approaches to management allows subsidiaries to develop their own identity

A major determining factor in deciding which type of decision-making process should be used depends on the individual's intensity of interest in a product and the importance of the product for that person. This is known as an individual's... a. motivational structure b. routinized response behavior c. level of involvement d. cognitive dissonance e. evaluative criteria

c. level of involvement

Luis likes shopping at Stein Mart, a discount department store, because he likes the prices, products, and services the store provides. His selection of this store as a regular stop when shopping is influenced by ____ motives. a. projective b. self-image c. patronage d. depth e. self-concept

c. patronage

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs... a. levels of needs are different for everyone, and we all try to satisfy them in a different order b. individuals simultaneously try to satisfy all five levels of needs c. individuals first satisfy the most basic needs and then try to fulfill needs at the next level up. d. individuals first address needs at the top of the pyramid and then move down to the lower level needs. e. self-actualization needs are the most important needs to be met for most individuals

d. individuals first address needs at the top of the pyramid and then move down to the lower level needs.