39 - Male Reproductive Disorders

After seeking care due to recent history of testicular enlargement and scrotal pain, a 22-year-old college student has been diagnosed with testicular cancer. Which of the patient's following statements indicates the need for further teaching? A) "I can't shake this feeling like I've received a death sentence." B) "I have to admit that the prospect of losing a testicle is a bit overwhelming." C) "I really hope the cancer hasn't spread anywhere, because I've read that it's a possibility." D) "I guess there's some solace in the fact that this cancer wasn't a result of an unhealthy lifestyle."

a. "I can't shake this feeling like I've received a death sentence."

A patient has been diagnosed with an anterior pituitary tumor, and synthesis and release of follicle-stimulating hormone has become deranged. What are the potential consequences of this alteration in endocrine function? A) Dysfunction of spermatogenesis B) Overproduction of luteinizing hormone C) Inhibition of testosterone synthesis D) Impaired detumescence

a. Dysfunction of spermatogenesis

Which of the following diagnoses is most likely to require surgical correction? A) Hypospadias B) Orchitis C) Erectile dysfunction D) Spermatocele

a. hypospadias

Cryptorchidism, or undescended testes, is a direct cause of: A) infertility. B) paraphimosis. C) prostate cancer. D) low testosterone.

a. infertility

Common risk factors for erectile dysfunction due to generalized penile arterial insufficiency include: A) cryptorchidism. B) cigarette smoking. C) testicular torsion. D) benign prostate hypertrophy.

b. cigarette smoking

Priapism is a condition that causes ischemia as a result of: A) circumcision trauma. B) failure of detumescence. C) tight retracted foreskin. D) fibrous plaque in the penis.

b. failure of detumescence

Which of the following physiologic processes results from the synthesis and release of testosterone? A) Protein catabolism B) Musculoskeletal growth C) Release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D) Prostatic hyperplasia

b. musculoskeletal growth

In a hydrocele, excess fluid is present in the: A) epididymis. B) tunica vaginalis. C) pampiniform plexus. D) vas deferens ampulla.

b. tunica vaginalis

Which of the following statements about screening for prostate cancer is most accurate? A) Digital rectal examination detects the majority of new cases of prostate cancer. B) A positive prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is definitive for prostate cancer. C) BPH and prostatitis can confound prostate screening results. D) Digital rectal examination and PSA testing have been proven ineffective.

c. BPH and prostatitis can confound prostate screening results.

Which of the following assessments is most likely to reveal a potential exacerbation in a 70-year-old patient's diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)? A) Urine testing for microalbuminuria B) Blood test for white blood cells and differential C) Bladder ultrasound D) Sperm morphology testing

c. Bladder ultrasound

Which of the following disorders of the male genitourinary system creates the most urgent need for prompt and aggressive medical treatment? A) Spermatocele B) Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) C) Intravaginal testicular torsion D) Erectile dysfunction

c. Intravaginal testicular torsion

Which of the following factors constitutes the most significant risk for balanitis xerotica obliterans? A) Multiple sexual partners B) Androgen deficiency C) Uncircumcised penis D) Chronic prostatitis

c. Uncircumcised penis

The major cause of acute prostatitis is: A) prostate hyperplasia. B) acute pyelonephritis. C) gram negative D) mucous gland overgrowth. E) coli.

c. gram negative

Smooth muscle relaxation and shunting of blood into the sinusoids is mediated by _______ and results in a penile erection. A) norepinephrine B) nitroglycerine C) nitric oxide D) nicotinic acid

c. nitric oxide

A 30-year-old man has been diagnosed with mumps orchitis, a disease that has the potential to result in: A) hematuria. B) hematocele. C) sterility. D) penile atrophy.

c. sterility

Men older than age 50 are at high risk for prostatic hypertrophy with complications that include: A) hypospadias. B) scrotal edema. C) urine retention. D) testicular cancer.

c. urine retention

A 41-year-old patient has undergone a vasectomy. What is the physiologic basis for this contraception technique? A) Spermatogenesis is inhibited because sex hormones may no longer stimulate the Sertoli cells. B) Spermatozoa can no longer reach the epididymis and do not survive. C) The rete testis becomes inhospitable to sperm. D) Sperm can no longer pass through the ductus deferens.

d. Sperm can no longer pass through the ductus deferens.

Testicular torsion, a serious disorder affecting young male individuals, causes: A) inguinal herniation. B) cancer of the scrotum. C) dartos muscle atrophy. D) loss of testicular perfusion.

d. loss of testicular perfusion

Squamous cell cancer of the penis is more likely to develop in men with chronic: A) erectile dysfunction. B) herpes ulcerations. C) Peyronie disease. D) smegma accumulation.

d. smegma accumulationb.

The most important factor in the evaluation and treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is considered to be: A) frequency of erectile dysfunction. B) testosterone level management. C) prostate cancer prevention measures. D) subjective symptoms reported by the patient.

d. subjective symptoms reported by the patient.