4. Project Integration Management Terminology
Business Case
A documented economic feasibility study used to establish validity of the benefits of a selected component lacking sufficient definition and that is used as a basis for the authorization of further project management activities. (Input: Develop Project Charter)
Change Request
A formal proposal to modify any document, deliverable, or baseline. (Output: Direct and Manage Project Work &Monitor and Control Project Work)
Project Integration Management Processes
4.1 Develop Project Charter (I) 4.2 Develop Project Management Plan (P) 4.3 Direct and Manage Project Execution (E) 4.4 Manage Project Knowledge (E) 4.5 Monitor and Control Project Work (MC) 4.6 Perform Integrated Change Control (MC) 4.7 Close Project and Project Phase (C)
Enterprise Environmental Factors
Internal and external variables, not under the control of the project team, that impact the project
Sponsoring Organization
The entity that has the responsibility of providing the project's sponsor and acting as a conduit for project funding or other project resources
Assumptions Analysis
The evaluation of project assumptions used to determine the risks that could be incurred as a result of the inexact, fragmentary, or unpredictable nature of the assumptions
Change Control Board (CCB)
The group accountable for considering, appraising, and making decisions about (approval, postponement, or rejection) proposed project changes and for documenting and communicating those decisions
Lessons Learned
The knowledge of what worked and what didn't work during a project
Development Approach
The method (predictive, iterative, incremental, agile, or hybrid) utilized during the project life cycle to produce and elaborate the product, service, or result of the project
Benefits Management Plan
The documented explanation defining the processes for creating, maximizing, and sustaining the benefits provided by a project or program. A component of the project management plan that details the manner in which the benefits provided by a project or program are created, maximized, and sustained
Lessons Learned Repository
A container, typically electronic, for storing historical information about lessons learned during the performance of project work
Approved Change Request
A change request that has been processed through the integrated change control process and approved. (Output: Perform Integrated Change Control)
Configuration Management System
A collection of procedures used to track project artifacts and monitor and control changes to these artifacts.
Configuration Management Plan
A component of the project management plan that describes how to identify and account for the project artifacts under configuration control, and how to record and report changes to them. It describes the configurable items of the project and identifies the items that will be recorded and updated so that the product of the project remains consistent and operable (Output: Develop Project Management Plan)
Requested Change
A formal request for change that is submitted to the integrated change control process
Objective
A goal that the project is expected to accomplish; the goal could be related to a strategic position, purpose, result, service, or product
Change Log
A list of proposed project modifications and their associated details including description, date, requester, and status (Project Document)
Technical Performance Measurement
A measurement approach that compares what was technically created in the project to what the project management plan shows should have been created
Change
A modification to any deliverable, project management plan component, or project document subject to the formal change control process
Update
A modification to any deliverable, project management plan component, or project document that has not been subjected to the formal change control process
Change Management Plan
A plan that defines the project change management process
Assumption
A premise considered to be true without benefit of proof
Assumption Log
A project document used to record all assumptions and constraints throughout the project life cycle. (Output: Develop Project Charter) (PD)
Lessons Learned Register
A project document used to record knowledge gained during a project so that it can be used in the current project and entered into the lessons learned repository. (Output: Manage Project Knowledge) (PD)
Issue Log
A project document where information about issues is recorded and monitored. (Output: Direct and Manage Project Work) (PD)
Weighted Scoring Model
A project selection technique based on criteria that have been weighted in terms of importance; selection criteria is determined and assigned a relative percentage, each project receives a total score based on the weighted value of its criteria, and the project with the highest score is selected
Project Archives
A set of records that correctly describe and document the history of the project
Work Authorization System
A subsystem within the project management system that is comprised of documented procedures that delineate the method by which project work is authorized so that it will be done at the correct time, by the correct entity, and in the correct progression
Information Management System
A system that collects, stores, and distributes data to project stakeholders; data format may be physical or electronic
Alternative Analysis
A technique used to evaluate identified options in order to select which options or approaches to use to execute and perform the work of the project. (TT) (Data Analysis)
Business Value
An abstraction that includes tangible and intangible elements associated with project, program, and portfolio management that maximize the value to the organization
Project Management Information System (PMIS)
An information system consisting of the tools and techniques used to gather, integrate, and disseminate the outputs of project management processes. It is used to support all aspects of the project from initiating through closing, and can include both manual and automated systems. Ex. Procore (TT - Direct and Manage Project Work)
Project Charter
An instrument issued by the project sponsor or initiator that approves the existence of the project and authorizes the project manager to assign resources held by the organization to project activities (Output: Develop Project Charter)
System
An integrated set of pieces used to achieve a specific project goal; could be an actual process or management process, or some mix of both approaches
Preventive Action
An intentional activity that ensures the future performance of the project work is aligned with the project management plan. (Change Request)
Corrective Action
An intentional activity that realigns the performance of the project work with the project management plan. (Change Request)
Constraint
An internal or external limitation of the project
Deliverable
Any unique and verifiable product, result, or capability to perform a service that is required to be produced to complete a process, phase, or project. (Output: Direct and Manage Project Work)
Data Representation Techniques
Approaches, especially the creation of graphical representations, utilized to communicate data and information
Formal Acceptance
Attaining signature for a piece of the project or the complete project, where the signature represents completion or closure of the project or that piece of the project
Approved Change Requests Review
Audit of the implementation of approved modifications to ensure they function as intended
Initiation
Commitment from the sponsor and organization to start a project or to continue it to the next phase
Data
Discrete, unordered, unprocessed metrics or raw observations.
Historical Information
Documented data from prior projects consulted as a learning tool
Expert Judgment
Judgment provided based upon expertise in an application area, knowledge area, discipline, industry, etc., as appropriate for the activity being performed. Such expertise may be provided by any group or person with specialized education, knowledge, skill, experience, or training. (TT)
Explicit Knowledge
Knowledge that can be classified utilizing such symbols as words, numerals, and images
Strategic Planning
Long-term planning by a company (usually three to five years in the future)
Change Control Tools
Manual or automated tools to assist with change and/or configuration management. At a minimum, the tools should support the activities of the CCB. (TT - Perform Integrated Change Control)
Information
Ordered data that has been processed to be meaningful, significant, and utilitarian in specific contexts
Organizational Process Assets
Plans, processes, policies, procedures, and knowledge bases that are specific to and used by the performing organization. (Output: Updated - Manage Project Knowledge)
Data Gathering Techniques
Techniques (Brainstorming, Focus Groups, Interviews, checklists, etc.) used to collect data and information from a variety of sources. (TT)
Data Analysis Techniques
Techniques used to order, assess, and evaluate data and information
Baseline
The agreed upon level of work (or other variable) used as a basis for comparison; once established, any changes must be authorized through formal change control procedures
Return on Investment (ROI)
The amount of income from an investment; income divided by the investment
Payback Period
The amount of time needed to recover the investment in the project
Work Authorization
The authorization to begin work on an activity, work package, or control account at the correct time, by the correct entity, and in the correct progression
Knowledge
The composite of experience, values and beliefs, contextual information, intuition, and insight that people employ in an attempt to make sense of new experiences and information
Result
The consequence of completing a series of activities or processes; examples include outcomes and documents
Project Management Plan
The document that describes how the project will be executed, monitored and controlled, and closed. (Output: Develop Project Management Plan)
Work Performance Information
The performance data collected from controlling processes, analyzed in comparison with project management plan components, project documents, and other work performance information.
Work Performance Reports
The physical or electronic representation of work performance information compiled in project documents, intended to generate decisions, actions, or awareness. (Output: Monitor and Control Project Work)
Change Control System
The procedures that govern modifications to project documents, deliverables, and baselines
Develop Project Management Plan (4.2)
The process of defining, preparing, and coordinating all plan components and consolidating them into an integrated project management plan.
Change Control
The process of determining, documenting, reviewing, and then approving or rejecting any proposed modifications to project documentation, deliverables, or baselines
Develop Project Charter (4.1)
The process of evolving the document that authorizes the project and authorizes the project manager to employ organizational resources to do the work of the project
Close Project or Phase (4.7)
The process of finalizing all activities for the project, phase, or contract.
Market Research
The process of gathering information about customers or markets
Direct and Manage Project Work (4.3)
The process of leading and performing the work defined in the project management plan and implementing approved changes to achieve the project's objectives.
Perform Integrated Change Control (4.6)
The process of reviewing all change requests; approving changes and managing changes to deliverables, organizational process assets, project documents, and the project management plan; and communicating their disposition.
Monitor and Control Project Work (4.5)
The process of tracking, reviewing, and reporting overall progress to meet the performance objectives defined in the project management plan. This process is performed throughout the project.
Manage Project Knowledge (4.4)
The process of utilizing existing knowledge and producing new knowledge to achieve a project's goals and contribute to organizational knowledge
Project Integration Management
The processes and activities required to determine, depict, conjoin, unify, and reconcile project management processes and activities
Work Performance Data
The raw observations and measurements identified during activities being performed to carry out the project work. (Output: Direct and Manage Project Work)