411 Test
After discussing the meaning of cultural diversity and its significance for community health nursing, the nursing instructor recognizes that some points need to be clarified when a student makes which comment? (1) "Dominant values are those held by the male head of the household in most American families." (2) "The percentages of minorities are rising, and this group is projected to comprise 50% of the population by 2044." (3) "Nurses maintain their original culture as they are socialized throughout the educational process." (4) "America has become an amalgamation of people who have different values, ideals, and behaviors, rather than the melting pot that was once envisioned."
(1) "Dominant values are those held by the male head of the household in most American families."
Because you are a nurse, you have been asked to present a program to a local elementary parent-teacher association on the topic of pediculosis. You determine that the group needs additional teaching when some parents state which of the following? (1) "It all stems back to the petting show, when they brought the animals in." (2) "I think it comes from the children playing with each other's combs." (3) "My son used shared towels in the gym." (4) "We've had some sleepovers."
(1) "It all stems back to the petting show, when they brought the animals in."
The parent of a student recently diagnosed with a chronic condition that will require complex health services is concerned the student will be required to be home schooled instead. Which response by the school nurse would be most appropriate to represent the schools stance on dealing with complex health problems in the school setting? (1) "There is federal legislation that requires the school to make provisions so your child can stay in school as long as possible." (2) "As long as your child can meet class requirements they may remain in the school setting." (3) "Being home schooled, your child can still receive the same type of opportunities they would at school with the exception of seeing their friends." (4) "As long as the school board can find extra money in the budget to hire an additional nurse, your child should be able to remain in school."
(1) "There is federal legislation that requires the school to make provisions so your child can stay in school as long as possible."
Community health nurses need to know that families are systems. Which attributes of systems are also attributes of families? (1) A change within the family system not only affects the individual member but all of the family members. (2) Family members are independent. (3) Families cannot be visualized as a mobile in which all of the pieces are suspended freely by a string. (4) Families are only a subsystem.
(1) A change within the family system not only affects the individual member but all of the family members.
Which of the following variables that occur in nature would not have a negative impact on humans? (1) Apples grow on trees. (2) Risks for waterborne and food-borne pathogens in drinking water, seafood, and fresh produce because of climate variability. (3) The effect of climate change upon weather extremes (droughts, floods, and storms). (4) Changes in rainfall and water supply for soil.
(1) Apples grow on trees.
When employing a population-oriented focus, which would the community health nurse do? (1) Assess the groups' relationships looking for a common need. (2) Promote the groups' dependency for improving health. (3) Consider the members individually for similarities. (4) Focus on the geographical area of the population.
(1) Assess the groups' relationships looking for a common need.
Which intervention by the community health nurse would be classified as a secondary prevention measure to combat homelessness? (1) Assist homeless clients in locating temporary shelter (2) Provide effort for services for the mentally ill and homeless (3) Prevent individuals and families from becoming homeless by assisting them with factors that contribute to homelessness (4) Make referrals for employee assistance programs to allow clients to eliminate factors that contribute to homelessness
(1) Assist homeless clients in locating temporary shelter
What is the most important reason for the nurse to conduct a cultural assessment? (1) Because understanding the values, beliefs, and practices of a designated cultural group is critical to effective nursing action (2) To meet the nurse's professional learning needs (3) Because usually there is no culturally based reason that causes clients to engage in or avoid certain actions (4) Because it is often assigned by nursing faculty
(1) Because understanding the values, beliefs, and practices of a designated cultural group is critical to effective nursing action
The community health nurse is leading a discussion with a group of students about the eight principles of public health nursing. When asked why following the principles is important, what is the best response? (1) Can help achieve the most beneficial outcomes. (2) The word principle is universally understood. (3) They were identified by the ANA. (4) They must be adhered to in order to protect the health of communities.
(1) Can help achieve the most beneficial outcomes.
A community health nurse uses Roy's model with a community that is dealing with a particular health issue. The nurse would focus community assessment on which community action? (1) Coping mechanisms for use in adaptation (2) Lines of resistance and defense to stresses (3) Environmental conditions to improve negative conditions (4) Collective ability for independence and self-care
(1) Coping mechanisms for use in adaptation
Which one of the statements about families is most accurate? (1) Culture explains why families behave as they do. (2) Individual family members decide which one role they will play. (3) Family behavior influences family values. (4) Family members are always cognizant of all family values.
(1) Culture explains why families behave as they do.
A community health nurse is working to change the focus of the public health department from one of needs oriented to one of being a partner and recognizing the community's strengths. Which nursing priority will help assist make the transition? (1) Determine available assets. (2) Identify barriers to communication. (3) Evaluate previous unsuccessful programs for weaknesses. (4) Identify local subcultures to ensure all are represented.
(1) Determine available assets.
A pregnant woman with hypertensive disease presents to the community health center for follow-up. Which action would be most appropriate for the community health nurse to include when teaching the woman about controlling her blood pressure at this time? (1) Ensuring rest periods with legs elevated (2) Limiting her daily intake of fluid (3) Restricting intake of fresh fruits (4) Encouraging additional weight gain
(1) Ensuring rest periods with legs elevated
Which statement made by a student would the nurse educator recognize as evidence that a student understands the health continuum? (1)Illness refers to a state of being relatively unhealthy. (2)Treatment of acute conditions reflects the current focus of health care. (3)The distinction between health and illness is well demarcated. (4)The term health is limited to reflect an individual's state.
(1) Illness refers to a state of being relatively unhealthy.
A community health nurse is part of a group working with local and state legislators to expand health insurance coverage for those with inadequate or no insurance. Which outcome would the nurse hope to achieve if the group is successful? (1) Increase use of early screenings (2) Increase emergency room visits (3) Increase episodic care (4) Increase disparities in care
(1) Increase use of early screenings
A community health nurse is asked to be part of a community-wide effort to address the issue of teen parenthood. When planning appropriate programs, which would be important to include as the priority? (1) Increased focus on preventing teen pregnancy (2) Increased insurance coverage for contraception (3) Increased male involvement in teen pregnancies (4) Increased access to prenatal services
(1) Increased focus on preventing teen pregnancy
Employees working with hazardous chemicals have the "Right to Know" about the chemicals they are working with. Which resource teaches employees about information regarding the chemicals they may be exposed to? (1) Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) (2) Consumer Confidence Report (3) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Fact Sheets (4) AQI Reports
(1) Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
The community health nurse is developing a plan of secondary prevention activities. Which actions would the nurse incorporate into the plan? (1) Participating in diabetes screening programs at health fairs (2) Educating high school students about safe sex practices (3) Developing an exercise plan for COPD clients (4) Providing a community-based stroke rehabilitation program
(1) Participating in diabetes screening programs at health fairs
Actions to protect against disease and disability are: (1) Primary prevention (2) Secondary prevention (3) Tertiary prevention (4) Both a and b
(1) Primary prevention
When fulfilling the function of assessment, which action would be most important for the community health nurse to take? (1) Secure the trust of the clients (2) Gather appropriate information (3) Interact with key community leaders (4) Use a variety of assessment tools
(1) Secure the trust of the clients
Which is the best example of a community health nurse focusing on the secondarylevel of prevention? (1) Teaching clients how to navigate the health care system to receive prompt treatment (2) Teaching clients about the importance of immunization (3) Teaching stroke survivors about the importance of diet, rest, and exercise to prevent a secondary health problem (4) Teaching a class on sensible nutrition for adolescents
(1) Teaching clients how to navigate the health care system to receive prompt treatment
While making a family health visit, an older relative who is visiting has been drinking and becomes verbally abusive and increasingly loud. Which action by the community health nurse would be best? (1) Terminate the visit, making plans for another visit (2) Ask the sober family members to take the visitor home (3) Suggest the relative go in another room and take a nap (4) Continue the visit with caution
(1) Terminate the visit, making plans for another visit
A community health nurse is preparing to assess a family. Which characteristic would the nurse not integrate into the assessment as universal? (1) The family members are stuck in one stage of development. (2) Cultural values and rules. (3) Every family has structure. (4) Every family is a small social system.
(1) The family members are stuck in one stage of development.
You are a health care worker at a County Health Department. You have been working closely with Juan, a 35-year-old Hispanic agricultural worker. Juan was diagnosed with TB about 2 months ago. You have been providing DOT to Juan at a local farm where he picks oranges. Orange season is coming to an end and you realize that Juan will soon be heading North to look for more work. You have spoken to him about where he will be going next. He tells you that he is going to a farm in the next state over. He is not exactly sure where it is, but he thinks he remembers the farm is located near a town called Jasper. What steps will you take before Juan leaves to ensure the continuity of care? (1) The state health department TB control officer should be contacted and made aware of the need for follow-up and the next possible destination of the patient. (2) Juan should be given a clean set of clothes to prevent cross contamination. (3) Juan's new employer should be made aware of his diagnosis. (4) The oranges must be tested for contamination.
(1) The state health department TB control officer should be contacted and made aware of the need for follow-up and the next possible destination of the patient.
A community health nurse is orienting a new group of nurses recently hired by the community agency. The nurse is describing the Public Health Nursing Practice model used by the agency. Which would the nurse include? (1) Twelve leading indicators for Healthy People 2020 (2) Practice priorities for achieving public health (3) Regulator processes in response to stimuli (4) Modifying factors that influence people's perceptions
(1) Twelve leading indicators for Healthy People 2020
The community health nurse must apply the social determinants of health when caring for clients: (1) because the social determinants of health affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks. (2) because in our country all people are treated equally. (3) because it is the right thing to do. (4) because the community health nurse believes in social
(1) because the social determinants of health affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks.
The community health nurse is discussing the roles assumed by community health nurses with a student nurse. Which statement made by the student nurse demonstrates the correct interpretation of which role must be assumed in every situation? (1)"A community health nurse assumes the role of researcher in each situation." (2)"A community health nurse assumes the role of manager in each situation." (3)"A community health nurse assumes the role of leader in each situation." (4)"A community health nurse assumes the role of clinician in each situation.'
(2) "A community health nurse assumes the role of manager in each situation."
A community health nurse determines that it is time for teaching a family about health promotion activities one member states: (1) "Is there a place we can go for the medicine?" (2) "It's time we do something about eating right." (3) "When are you coming back to visit?" (4) "Our grandchildren visit every summer."
(2) "It's time we do something about eating right."
The community health nurse is discussing family health nursing with a group of students. Which statement made by a student nurse indicates an effective teaching regarding family health nursing? (1) "The family does not play a critical role in the health of its members." (2) "The community health nurse is in a unique position to influence and promote family health." (3) "Health habits are not developed in the context of family." (4) "Genetic influences always take place within the family environment."
(2) "The community health nurse is in a unique position to influence and promote family health."
Which statements about family structures is not true? (1) Throughout the world, families in all varied forms are the basic social unit. (2) A family consists of a husband, wife, and children living under one roof with the man as breadwinner and the woman as homemaker. (3) The people who are members of a family interact, care for one another, and bond in ways that may never be fully understood by anyone outside the family. (4) Families structures can be categorized into two general categories: traditional and contemporary.
(2) A family consists of a husband, wife, and children living under one roof with the man as breadwinner and the woman as homemaker.
After teaching a group of students about factors associated with vulnerable populations, the instructor determines the need for additional teaching when the students identify which as a factor? (1) Homelessness (2) Acute illness (3) Income (4) Immigrant status
(2) Acute illness
Community health nurses practice within the three levels of prevention. In which actions would the community health nurse engage at the primary level of prevention for communicable disease control? Select the answer that does not apply. (1) Administering immunizations to senior citizens (2) Administering prompt treatment for the symptoms of gonorrhea (3) Teaching kindergarten students to wash their hands (4) Encouraging parents to complete their children's immunizations
(2) Administering prompt treatment for the symptoms of gonorrhea
A community health nurse who will be working with a homeless population is planning care. Which action would the nurse need to take first? (1) Develop trust with the population (2) Clarify personal values and beliefs (3) Focus on the issue of homelessness (4) Visit the local shelter where the clients are
(2) Clarify personal values and beliefs
A community health nurse is collecting data about the local community concerning a recognized health issues. Understanding there are various sources for the information, the nurse chooses to start with a primary source that would involve which entity? (1) World Health Organization (2) Community members (3) State health department (4) Other community health nurses
(2) Community members
Which statement regarding mental illness and homelessness is most accurate? (1) Seventy-five percent of the sheltered homeless report a severe mental illness. (2) Deinstitutionalization or being released from institutions into the community contributes to the number of persons who have a severe mental illness who are homeless. (3) Mental illness only contributes to homelessness because poor mental health adversely affects an individual's ability to make sound judgments, solve problems, and make wise decisions. (4) Mental illness and substance abuse are not often comorbid conditions that contribute to homelessness.
(2) Deinstitutionalization or being released from institutions into the community contributes to the number of persons who have a severe mental illness who are homeless.
Which statement best describes the difference between health promotion and disease prevention? (1) Health promotion and disease prevention include all efforts that seek to move people closer to optimal well-being or higher levels of wellness. (2) Disease prevention differs from health promotion in that disease prevention is targeted toward a specific disease or diseases. (3) Health promotion can be described in terms of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. (4) The goal of disease prevention is to raise levels of wellness for individuals, families, populations, and communities.
(2) Disease prevention differs from health promotion in that disease prevention is targeted toward a specific disease or diseases.
While visiting a family in their home, a community health nurse hears a parent screaming who says, "Everything you do is wrong. Can't you do anything right ever?" Which of the following does the nurse suspect? (1) Neglect (2) Emotional abuse (3) Sexual abuse (4) Physical abuse
(2) Emotional abuse
After teaching a class about family and domestic violence directed toward children as a community health problem, which, if stated by the class, indicates to the instructor that the teaching was effective? (1) Family violence is new and occurs as a result of our fast-paced technological society. (2) Family violence has occurred in most countries for centuries as children have been thought of as the property of their parents. (3) Family violence occurs mostly in the urbanized areas of the United States mostly in the urbanized areas where exposure to crime is more prevalent. (4) Family violence is decreasing in industrialized countries in the world as a result of more public awareness.
(2) Family violence has occurred in most countries for centuries as children have been thought of as the property of their parents.
Which would the community health nurse include when integrating epidemiology of wellness into practice? (1) Communicable disease control (2) Lifestyle with its self-created risks (3) The natural history of disease (4) Vital statistics and reportable diseases
(2) Lifestyle with its self-created risks
A community health nurse arrives at a family's home. Which behaviors by the nurse would be nontherapeutic? (1) Maintaining eye contact with the family members (2) Paging through paperwork for information (3) Sitting on the furniture near the family members (4) Placing car keys in the nurse's carryall bag
(2) Paging through paperwork for information
Which intervention by the nurse is most likely to have a positive influence on the client's adoption of a new healthy behavior? (1) Providing feedback about what the client is doing incorrectly (2) Providing feedback about what the client is doing correctly (3) Not providing feedback (4) Not providing role modeling of the desired change
(2) Providing feedback about what the client is doing correctly
A group of community health nurses are evaluating the community to determine which issues should be addressed. As the group complete various assessments, they recognize an assets assessment will be important to evaluate which factor of the community? (1) Key informants (2) Strengths of the community (3) Specific problem of the community (4) Overall life of the community
(2) Strengths of the community
Which principle guides and enhances family nursing practice? (1) The nurse should expect that the family will be normal and will not change. (2) The nurse should start where the family is at the present time and not the ideal level of functioning. (3) The nurse should focus on each family member individually. (4) The nurse should evaluate the family based on consistency with traditional family patterns.
(2) The nurse should start where the family is at the present time and not the ideal level of functioning.
How would a community health nurse define vulnerable populations? (1) Those persons with higher mortality rates (2) Those with increased risk for adverse health outcomes (3) Individuals with lower life expectancy (4) Individuals with chronic illness
(2) Those with increased risk for adverse health outcomes
After teaching a group of nursing students about the similarities and differences between public health and community health, which statement by a nursing student would best describe the similarities and differences between public health and community health? (1) "Community health nursing is defined as nursing care that is provided in a community setting, rather than an institutional setting." (2) "Public health nursing is defined as nursing care that is provided in an institutional setting." (3) "Community health nursing can shape the quality of community health services and improve the health of the general public." (4) "Public health nursing is focused on the health of individuals."
(3) "Community health nursing can shape the quality of community health services and improve the health of the general public."
A community health nurse is making a home visit to a postpartum woman. The nurse suspects that the woman may be experiencing depression. Which of the following responses would be most appropriate? (1) "You should try drinking some coffee to help you be less tired, especially in the morning." (2) "Don't worry. Good mothers don't hurt their babies, and you are trying to do your best." (3) "It might help if you try to nap while the baby is napping. You can set an alarm if this makes you more comfortable." (4) "You should be able to be the perfect housekeeper while you're on maternity leave."
(3) "It might help if you try to nap while the baby is napping. You can set an alarm if this makes you more comfortable."
The nurse educator is aware that the nursing student understands the importance of roles within a family when the nursing student states: (1) "Family members can only play one role at a time." (2) "Family roles are restricted to the immediate family." (3) "Selection of specific roles to be played in any family depends on the family's structure, needs, and patterns of functioning." (4) "Family member roles are determined by those outside the family."
(3) "Selection of specific roles to be played in any family depends on the family's structure, needs, and patterns of functioning."
A prospective nursing student is interested in working in community health nursing after graduation. Which level of education would be most appropriate for this student to complete? (1) Diploma program (2) Associate degree (3) Baccalaureate degree (4) Master's degree
(3) Baccalaureate degree
How is tuberculosis (TB) spread? (1) Direct contact (2) Fecal-oral route (3) Droplets (4) Cross contamination
(3) Droplets
Which activities would be associated with a community health nurse? (1) Participating in a health clinic office party. (2) Providing emergency care in an acute care facility (3) Examining infants in a city well-baby clinic (4) Caring for elderly stroke victims in the hospital.
(3) Examining infants in a city well-baby clinic
When applying the epidemiologic triad model to a community's plan of care, which would the community health nurse address? (1) Incidence, prevalence, and case fatality (2) Health, illness, and injury (3) Host, agent, and environment model. (4) Immunity, causation, and risk
(3) Host, agent, and environment model.
Which statement about immunization is most accurate? (1) Immunization is helpful in the spread of all communicable diseases. (2) Immunization cannot provide herd immunity. (3) Immunization is the process of introducing a form of a disease-causing organism into a person's system to promote the development of antibodies that will resist the disease. (4) Immunization is the process of administering antibodies to a person.
(3) Immunization is the process of introducing a form of a disease-causing organism into a person's system to promote the development of antibodies that will resist the disease.
A community health nurse is developing a program that would encourage mothers to use breast-feeding exclusively for their babies' nutrition for the first 6 months. The nurse implements this program on the understanding about which concept? (1) Exclusive breast-feeding promotes better growth and development. (2) Its lower cost provides more money for other needed items. (3) Infant mortality would significantly decrease. (4) It would aid in decreasing maternal mortality rates.
(3) Infant mortality would significantly decrease.
A community health nurse is conducting orientation for new nurses to the clinic. Which factor should the nurse emphasize as most important when dealing with the community? (1) Cyclic nature (2) Client focus (3) Interaction (4) Flexibility
(3) Interaction
A group of community health nurses are assessing the current health status of the community and note certain individuals are not utilizing the services of the clinic. What is the best action for the nurses to take? (1) Increase advertisement of services (2) Meet with local leaders to inform of disparity (3) Investigate the situation to determine possible cause (4) Offer incentives to new clients for checking out the services available
(3) Investigate the situation to determine possible cause
Which statement about teaching at three levels of prevention is most accurate? (1) Ideally, the community health nurse would focus at the tertiary level of prevention. (2) The outcome of focusing on the tertiary level of prevention is to help diminish years of morbidity and limit subsequent infirmity. (3) It is ideal to focus on the primary level of prevention. (4) Community health nurses do not spend a significant share of time teaching at the secondary level.
(3) It is ideal to focus on the primary level of prevention.
When reporting the identification of a communicable disease and need for investigation, which organization would the community health nurse notify first? (1) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2) State health department (3) Local health department (4) National Reported Disease list
(3) Local health department
A nurse is making an initial home visit for a family who was recently discharged from the hospital. The parents experienced a difficult birth and the newborn was diagnosed with spina bifida. While caring for this family, the nurse would attribute this episode to which type of crisis and provide care accordingly? (1) Developmental crisis (2) Situational crisis (3) Multiple crisis (4) Crisis resolution
(3) Multiple crisis
Activities that strive to identify and detect disease in its earliest stages or try to prevent the spread of communicable diseases are: (1) Health promotion (2) Primary prevention (3) Secondary prevention (4) Tertiary prevention
(3) Secondary prevention
The school nurse is planning a meeting with family whose school-age child has asthma to develop an action plan to control or minimize the untoward effects of acute asthma episodes. Which level of prevention is the nurse implementing? (1) Primary (2) Secondary (3) Tertiary (4) Health promotion
(3) Tertiary
Which statement best represents an upstream focus? (1) The upstream approach does not focus on socioeconomic factors and the environmental origins of disease and health problems. (2) The upstream approach pertains to the purity of water supplies. (3) The focus of an upstream approach is the institution and system level. (4) The focus of an upstream approach is healthy lifestyle issues.
(3) The focus of an upstream approach is the institution and system level.
The nursing student is preparing a report for class relating to Healthy People 2020 and environmental health. Which should the nurse highlight in this report? (1) One of the six focus areas is individual health. (2) The document provides instructions for persons in the community regarding how to protect their own health. (3) The overall goal is to promote health for all through a healthy environment. (4) The agency that prepared this initiative is the World Health Organization.
(3) The overall goal is to promote health for all through a healthy environment.
A community health nurse is engaged in a community-wide program for promoting nutrition in adolescents. Which information would lead the nurse to target the program to adolescent girls? (1) Girls eat larger quantities of food than boys. (2) They are more physically active than boys. (3) They have a tendency to diet inappropriately. (4) They are more conscious about food nutrients.
(3) They have a tendency to diet inappropriately.
For which reason are homeless youth at higher risk for HIV, hepatitis, and sexually transmitted infections? (1) They are not likely to receive treatment for HIV, hepatitis, and sexually transmitted infections. (2) Homeless adolescents may have difficulty accessing emergency shelter because of shelter policies that prohibit older youth from the facility. (3) They lack education or job training skills and may resort to prostitution or survival sex, which increases their risk for HIV, hepatitis, and sexually transmitted infections. (4) It is not uncommon for homeless youth to be arrested for running away, breaking curfews, or being without supervision.
(3) They lack education or job training skills and may resort to prostitution or survival sex, which increases their risk for HIV, hepatitis, and sexually transmitted infections.
The home health nurse is making an initial home visit with a family and asks the family to identify their extended family and other persons/groups they interact with each week. Which statement provides the best rationale for asking the family this question? (1) To assist the family in identifying financial resources (2) To identify an emergency contact person (3) To understand how the family operates as a social system (4) To assess the family's environment
(3) To understand how the family operates as a social system
Which measure would be most appropriate for a community health nurse to include when developing programs to address childhood obesity? (1) Encouraging television watching for about 3 hours per day (2) Suggesting that families eat less meals together at home (3) Urging an increase in physical activity daily (4) Limiting the intake of unsaturated oils in cooking
(3) Urging an increase in physical activity daily
When a community health nurse is planning to teach a group of new immigrants from a non -English-speaking country about the need for immunizations, the nurse should include which in his or her plans? (1) Using a lot of pictures (2) Guessing about the native language and attempting to speak it (3) Using an interpreter (4) Talking clearly and slowly, being sure to enunciate each word
(3) Using an interpreter
A community health nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of nursing students about community health nursing. Which description about community health nursing would the nurse most likely include in the presentation? (1) Encouraging clients to reach out to the nurse (2) Engaging in tertiary prevention as the priority (3) Working with the client as an equal partner (4) Focusing on addressing continuous needs
(3) Working with the client as an equal partner
A community health nurse is explaining the chain of causation to a family that includes a child who has developed Lyme disease. The nurse correctly describes the opening in the child's skin caused by the actual tick bite as the: (1) reservoir. (2) mode of transmission. (3) portal of entry. (4) host.
(3) portal of entry.
The term health can be described in many different ways. How the community health nurse would interpret health? (1)The potential to lead a productive life (2)The absence of disease (3)A holistic state of well-being (4)An environment free of toxins
(3)A holistic state of well-being
The community health nurse is discussing the importance of understanding the concept of culture in relation to delivering quality nursing care. Which statement made by the student indicates a need further education on the concept of culture? (1) "Culture refers to the beliefs, values, and behavior that are shared by members of a society." (2) "Culture tells what is acceptable or unacceptable in a given situation." (3) "Culture provides a 'roadmap' for living." (4) "Culture is not a learned behavior."
(4) "Culture is not a learned behavior."
You are conducting a program for a group of nurses working with Spanish-speaking migrant families. After describing this population and their health issues to your Caucasian group, you determine that additional teaching is necessary when the group identifies which situation as problematic? (1) "Yes, this group has higher rates of tuberculosis and we must understand how to help in their treatment." (2) "Yes, this group has higher rates of childhood nutritional deficiencies and we should focus on how to improve this." (3) "Yes, this group has increased access to care now, but we must address barriers to get the care they need." (4) "Yes, this group has a higher life expectancy than the general population, but it's because they work in the fresh air."
(4) "Yes, this group has a higher life expectancy than the general population, but it's because they work in the fresh air."
A community health nurse is conducting a program for local community leaders about rural and urban area needs. The nurse identifies the need for additional teaching based on which statement by the group? (1) An urban area consists of at least 50,000 people. (2) Urban areas are much more densely populated than rural areas. (3) There are many factors that are considered when determining if a community is rural or frontier other than population density. (4) A rural area has six or fewer persons per square mile.
(4) A rural area has six or fewer persons per square mile.
An asthma action plan helps to: (1) Take the guesswork out of treating episodes by telling you what to do when you or your child has an asthma episode. Often, you can treat symptoms without going to the doctor's office or the hospital. (2) Prevent or reduce the severity of episodes by letting you know what to watch for and how to treat the episode early. (3) Control asthma symptoms so that you or your child continues to be active with fewer asthma problems. (4) All of the above.
(4) All of the above.
The community health nurse is caring for a farm migrant worker client who reports difficulty in paying for his medications. Which action would the nurse take next to assist the client with acquiring their medication? (1) Contact the pharmaceutical sales representative for sample packs of medications. (2) Ask the client if his cultural health practices have a remedy he could use instead. (3) Ask the health care provider which medications the client could have discontinued. (4) Ask the health care provider to prescribe a less expensive medication on behalf of the client.
(4) Ask the health care provider to prescribe a less expensive medication on behalf of the client.
When working with different cultural groups in the area of health care practices, the nurse acts as an effective advocate for the client. Which action must the nurse take first? (1) Prepare to teach clients about the limits and benefits of cultural health practices (2) Assess the client or family adequately to ascertain their belief system and choices (3) Individualize caregiving for the client within his or her culture (4) Be knowledgeable about health care practices and choices
(4) Be knowledgeable about health care practices and choices
When preparing to conduct research on a vulnerable population, which of the following would the community health nurse attribute to the differential vulnerability hypothesis? (1) Exposure to risk factors affects the population's social and human capital. (2) Everyone is at risk because of stressful events occurring in life. (3) A risk for a negative outcome increases with lower education and income levels. (4) Certain groups are impacted by stressful events more than others.
(4) Certain groups are impacted by stressful events more than others.
Which action would the community health nurse take first when making an ethical decision? (1) Engage in critical thinking (2) Choose a value (3) Identify isolated values (4) Clarify one's values
(4) Clarify one's values
Which definition of family is most inclusive and yet the simplest? (1) Families are the primary social agent in the promotion of health and well-being. (2) Families consist of two or more individuals who share a residence or live near one another. (3) Families possess some common emotional bond and engage in interrelated social positions, roles, and tasks. (4) Families are defined by the members.
(4) Families are defined by the members.
A community health nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of local community nurses about measures to help decrease health disparities. Which suggestion would be the least effective? (1) Avoiding political involvement in issues (2) Working with schools to reduce the dropout rate (3) Organizing task forces to raise community awareness (4) Holding community meetings to identify needs
(4) Holding community meetings to identify needs
A public health nurse using an upstream approach to improve heart health would most likely focus on which contributing factors to improving heart health? (1) Unhealthy diets (2) Decreased physical activity (3) Smoking tobacco (4) Lack of safe places to exercise
(4) Lack of safe places to exercise
An instructor is teaching a group of students about the history of public health nursing. The instructor recognizes the teaching is successful when the students identify which individual to use the term "public health nursing" first? (1) Margaret Sanger (2) Lina Rogers (3) Lillian Wald (4) Jessie Sleet
(4) Lillian Wald
When assessing a population's vulnerability, which would the community health nurse identify as a predisposing factor? (1) Social support networks (2) Crime rates (3) Transportation (4) Living conditions
(4) Living conditions
When a community health nurse is conducting a family assessment on an assigned family, which action would be most appropriate? (1) Use quantitative data only to maintain and preserve objectivity (2) Interview one family member to avoid confusion and repeated information (3) Use a checklist format, completing the tool in the family's presence (4) Make several visits and accumulate data from all family members
(4) Make several visits and accumulate data from all family members
The nursing student reads the textbook in preparation for a class meeting about primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention related to families in crisis. The student associates which statement as being most accurate regarding the levels of prevention? (1) Often people in crisis are temporarily helpless and unable to cope on their own but are receptive to outside influence. (2) Secondary prevention interventions include taking action to prevent the unwanted event from occurring. (3) Tertiary prevention focuses on moving past the crisis and returning to the precrisis state. (4) Primary prevention is the least effective level of intervention in terms of promoting client's health and containing costs.
(4) Primary prevention is the least effective level of intervention in terms of promoting client's health and containing costs.
You are working with a group of school nurses to develop interventions for a 10-year-old girl who has missed many days of school already due to headaches, stomachaches, or other physical ailments. Which intervention would be most appropriate? (1) Limiting parent involvement in the school (2) Exposing the child rapidly to the classroom (3) Keeping the child at home for a while (4) Providing relaxation training
(4) Providing relaxation training
A community health nurse is developing a community diagnosis which addresses an issue that has been identified. What should the nurse remember to do when writing the diagnosis? (1) Focus primarily on deficits of the community (2) Use broad statements to guide a range of interventions (3) Employ a revised nursing diagnosis format (4) Substitute the terms client, family, group, or aggregate for the word patient
(4) Substitute the terms client, family, group, or aggregate for the word patient
Activities that attempt to prevent disease-related complications are considered: (1) Health promotion (2) Primary prevention (3) Secondary prevention (4) Tertiary prevention
(4) Tertiary prevention
Which statement about the steps of Evidence Based Practice is most accurate? (1) One of the last steps of the EBP process is to search for and collect the most relevant best evidence. (2) One of the earliest steps in the EBP process is to disseminate the outcomes of the EBP decision or change. (3) It is optional to integrate the best evidence with one's clinical expertise and patient preferences and values in making a practice decision or change. (4) The first step in the EBP process is to cultivate a spirit of inquiry.
(4) The first step in the EBP process is to cultivate a spirit of inquiry.
As a nurse, you are designated as a "mandated reporter." Which best describes this designation? (1) The nurse must witness abuse and neglect before being mandated to report. (2) The nurse commands that battered women report the abuse. (3) The supervising community health nurse is responsible for reporting only known cases of elder abuse. (4) The nurse must report any case of known or suspected abuse and neglect in children or elders.
(4) The nurse must report any case of known or suspected abuse and neglect in children or elders.
A nursing instructor is discussing the fundamental concepts of community health nursing with a group of students. The instructor recognizes the students understand the discussion by identifying which entity as the primary client? (1) Aggregate (2) Agent (3) Community (4) Total system
(4) Total system
Which is the proper sequence of stages of change? (1) Unfreeze, plan, and integrate (2) Plan, organize, and coordinate (3) Plan, relearn, and integrate (4) Unfreeze, change, and refreeze
(4) Unfreeze, change, and refreeze
Which of the following are reasons why it is difficult to estimate the number of persons who are homeless? (Select all that apply.) (1) It is difficult to estimate the number of people who are homeless because homelessness is a temporary condition. (2) It is difficult to locate and account for people who are homeless. (3) Some people are unable to access shelters where they would be counted as homeless because the shelter is already overcrowded and there is limited capacity. (4) In rural areas, there are fewer housing options and resources for the homeless, and as a result, people may be forced to live temporarily with friends or family. (5) Homelessness is increasing due to poverty and the growing shortage of affordable rental housing.
1, 2, 3, 4
You are working to offer increased health care services to meet the needs of a local migrant population. Which idea would be most effective for the nurse to implement with this population? (Select all that apply.) (1) Providing a mobile van clinic that comes to the farms during the day (2) Offering a clinic at the migrant camp from 7 PM to 10 PM (3) Asking local doctors to stay open until 6 PM during the summer (4) Offering school-based health services for the children (5) Providing a breakfast program for the children at school
1, 2, 4, 5
A community health nurse is preparing a presentation for a community center group about crisis. Which concepts about situational crises should be included in the presentation? Select all that apply. (1) A situational crisis is a stressful, disrupting event arising from external circumstances that occur suddenly to a person, group, aggregate, or community. (2) Situational crises can be predicted, expected, and planned. (3) Situational crises often occur without warning. (4) Situational crises occur to people because of where they are in time and space.
1, 3, 4
A public health nurse is collecting information to present at a meeting of community members who are trying to decide the best response to a local health care need. What information will be important for the nurse to include? Select all that apply. (1) Short-and long-term costs of the program (2) List of potential grants to apply for (3) Sample poll of community members desires (4) Latest research regarding suggested solution (5) Ways to improve existing program
1, 4, 5
Which are examples of a community health nurse providing health promotion teaching? (Select all that apply.) (1) The community health nurse teaches a class of kindergartners how to properly wash their hands. (2) The community health nurse is a guest on a radio talk show to provide information how to avoid an infection that is endemic. (3) The community health nurse encourages an individual whose blood pressure screening was elevated to have his or her blood pressure rechecked in 1 week. (4) The community health nurse teaches a group of preschoolers about different fruits and vegetables that they might like to try. (5) The community health nurse teaches a mother and baby exercise group. (6) The community health nurse leads a group of stroke survivors in soft exercise.
1, 4, 5
Organize the following steps in the epidemiologic study from the first step to the last. 1. Collect the data. 2. Identify the problem. 3. Analyze the findings. 4. Disseminate the findings. 5. Review the literature. 6. Develop conclusions and applications. 7. Design the study. 5, 2, 7, 1, 6, 3, 4 2, 7, 1, 5, 6, 4, 3 5, 2, 7, 1, 3, 6, 4 2, 5, 7, 1, 3, 6, 4
2, 5, 7, 1, 3, 6, 4
Determinants of health are: (select all that apply) (1) The economic factors impacting individuals or populations. (2) The physical environment impacting individuals or populations. (3) A person's individual characteristics and behaviors. (4) A person's genetic makeup. (5) The social factors impacting individuals or populations.
All of the above
