443 exam 1

conference committee

AKA: Third House of Congress. Members from each house

Speaker of the House

Elected by entire House (by majority of majority). Refers bills to committee. Sets House's agenda.

Legislative reorganization act of 1946

Reduced House and Senate committees over 50%. Pay raise

institutional change 1890

Reed's Rules. Speaker can refuse dilatory motions

make-up (committees)

Speaker decides who sits on committees. He puts people he trusts into important committees.

institutional change: prior 1890

minority party could delay most bills

Speaker' power change: Gingrich

more power

multiple referral

bill/legislation that gets sent to more than one committee

define formal institutions

boundaries, barriers to access, specialization, particular purpose

types of calendars (senate)

business and executive

define informal institutions

norms, uncodified rules

partisan theory (committee)

committees are proxies for the parties

distributive theory (committee)

committees exist to exact individual-level benefits

informational theory (committee)

committees exist to promote expertise among members

"A" committees

energy and commerce. environment and the economy. health.

Congressional budgetary reform act of 1974

example of reform that build on preexisting institutions, rather than sweep away current practices and start afresh.

senate majority leader

floor leader. sits on one or more committees. relies heavily on patience, perseverance, and personal ties.

concurrent resolution

amend rules/express general sentiment by both chambers

rules committee

arm of the leadership. decide order of legislation. set debate and amendments.

Unanimous Consent Agreements (UCA's)

how most work is done. sets debates, amendments, control of proceedings.

power of party

party brand. public sentiment. procedural votes are incredibly partisan. importance of maintaining a majority

voting variables

party loyalty/unity constituents (reelection) interest groups endorsements marginality: closeness of election

standing committee

permanent. created and dismantled through public law.

Home style

connecting with constituents. town hall, emails, campaigning.

descriptive representation (hill style)

could be gender-based, age, experience, and ethnicity

subcommittees

day-to-day business of legislation

two conditions of party government

ideological distance between parties. intraparty agreement.

when government is divided: president

is a divider, not uniter

time (home)

lots of time in districts, with constituents

substantive representation (hill style)

policy preferences

joint committee

printing, taxation, and economic committee

why parties exist

send signals to the public. alleviate collective action problems.

conditional party government theory

sometimes we will have party government: whole party votes together.

Speaker' power change: after 1910 revolt

speaker became broker between committees

select committee

temporary

scheduling on the floor (determined by)

the speaker

Speaker' power change: 1970 reform

took away power

types of calendars (house)

union, House, and private

joint resolution

very specific purpose

Speaker' power change: prior to 1890

very weak

time (hill)

votes, committees, and hearings

bypassing committees

add as amendment to another bill

House floor action

adoption of rule. committee of the whole. voting. recommit. passage.