5-1 Development of the Period Table
Mendeleev
Arranged elements by their atomic mass, and found there were periodic repetitions of the elements properties
Ductile
Ability to be drawn into fine wires
Malleable
Ability to be hammered into thin sheets
Semimetals
Also known as metalloids these elements have some properties of both metals and nonmetals, or have properties that are intermediate
Electronegativity
An atom's ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond
Newlands
Created the Law of Octaves, if you arranged elements in order by increasing atomic mass, characteristics of particular elements repeated themselves every 8 elements
Mendeleev
Created the first periodic table
Dobereiner
Created triads, sets of three elements that contained similar chemical properties
Atomic Radius
Distance from the center of an atom's nucleus to its outermost electron
Valence Electrons
Electrons that are largely responsible for an atom's chemical behavior
Valence Electrons
Elements in groups/families have similar properties because they have __________ in similar configuration
Nonmetals
Elements that do not possess a metallic luster, poor conductors of heat and electricity, and are neither ductile or malleable
Metals
Elements that have a metallic luster, conduct heat and electricity, solid, malleable, and ductile
Groups or families
Elements that have similar properties and are aligned in vertical columns (18)
Electron Affinity
Energy needed to add an electron
Ionization Energy
Energy needed to remove an electron
Moseley
Found that you arranged the periodic table by an element's atomic number not by its atomic mass
Periods
Horizontal rows in the periodic table (7)
Down and to the left
In which direction does an elements atomic radius increase?
Up and to the right
In which direction does an elements electronegativity increase?
Mendeleev
Left blank spaces in the periodic table, to predict the existence and properties of undiscovered elements
Periodic trends
Many properties of the elements change in a predictable way as you move through the periodic table, these changes are called?
Abbreviated Electron Configuration
To save space in writing electron configurations and to focus attention to valence electrons, chemists often use ______________
S Block
What block do families 1 and 2 lie in?
P Block
What block do families 13 - 18 lie in?
D Block
What block do families 3 - 12 lie in?
outer energy level
What do the elements in particular rows have in common?
Noble gas inner core
What does the (He) represent in the abbreviated electron configuration for Lithium (He)2s1?
Inner Transition Metals
What family is located in Block F of the periodic table?
Halogens
What family is located in the 17th column of the periodic table?
Noble Gases
What family is located in the 18th column of the periodic table?
Transition Metals
What family is located in the 3rd-12th column of the periodic table?
Alkali Metals
What family is located in the first column of the periodic table?
Alkaline-Earth Metals
What family is located in the second column of the periodic table?
Ekasilicon, Germanium, Germany
What was the name of Mendeleev's predicted element, what is it called now, and where was it found?
Periodic Law
When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, their physical and chemical properties show a periodic pattern
F block
Which block do the Inner Transition Metals lie in?