5-9 pysch

Masters and Johnson use the term sexual arousal cycle to describe the changes that occur in the body as men and women become sexually aroused.

False

When a rat's ventromedial nucleus is destroyed, the rat will ________.

begin to eat uncontrollably

Which of the following is a prototype of the category mammal?

dog

How many pairings of the unconditioned stimuli and conditioned stimuli are needed for taste aversion to occur?

one

on Maslow's hierarchy, which of the following needs must Roger meet before he can seek intimacy?

safety needs

Mahmood knows a lot of facts about the earth. He knows that the circumference of Earth is 40,030 km even though he did not personally measure the circumference of the Earth. This knowledge is referred to as __________.

semantic memory

You move to a new house and it has a completely different layout than your previous home. It is also much larger. A few weeks after moving in, the power goes out late at night and you need to locate your flashlights. You are able to quickly navigate your way throughout your new home as you have apparently learned the layout of it regardless of that fact you haven't been reinforced for this feat. What did you use to help you navigate your surroundings?

A cognitive map

Which of the following is true about maintenance rehearsal?

It involves mentally repeating a list or saying the information to oneself.

Which of the following statements is true about long-term memory?

It is analogous to a biochemical "hard drive."

Which of the following is true of Maslow's theory?

It suggests that human behavior is not just mechanical and aimed toward survival and the reduction of tension.

In the context of women, which of the following is true of androgens?

Ovaries produce androgens in women.

Dulce is only a few hours old and whenever her father presses his finger into the inside of her hand, Dulce grabs onto it. Which reflex is Dulce displaying?

Palmar

In the context of hunger, which of the following is true?

Watching television increases the amount of food we eat.

Asta was in a severe car accident. As a result of her injuries, she can no longer encode the memories of events that have occurred since the accident. This is an example of _________.

anterograde amnesia

A two-year-old child has a pet dog named Sophie. The child visits her neighbor and sees the neighbor's pet dog. Even though the neighbor's dog is larger and of a different color, the child points to it and calls it a dog. Which of Piaget's cognitive processes is the child demonstrating?

assimilation

Cole is almost two and has learned what a dog is and correctly label dogs when he sees them. While visiting a local farm, he sees a horse for the first time. It has two legs, is covered in fur, and has a tail. He points and shouts, "doggy!" This is an example of _______________.

assimilation

After a long day of holiday shopping Ms. Jeyaraj was exhausted. The stores were absolutely packed with people and traffic was horrific. All she wanted to do now was sit in a quiet room in her house and read a book. This is best explained by which of the following theories?

drive-reduction theory

After a long, hard-fought race, Mitchell has lost the election. They begin to look back at decisions made along the campaign trail to see where they went wrong. Which problem solving step has Mitchell taken?

evaluating results

Three-year old Esteban watches the children's television show "Spongebob Squarepants." At first, Esteban became really excited whenever he saw a Spongebob doll. Now Esteban gets excited whenever he sees any yellow sponge. Esteban is displaying stimulus ___________.

generalization

According to Piaget, children in the formal operational stage of cognitive development:

have the ability to hypothesize.

Which term describes a rat that is characterized by excessive eating?

hyperphagic

Some animals become attached to the first moving object they encounter. The formation of an attachment in this manner is therefore called __________.

imprinting

Berto is crawling around the house. He gets near the stairs, pauses, and takes note of the drop. He turns around and heads in a different direction as to avoid the ledge. Berto is able to do this because he _____________.

perceives depth cues

The speed with which one can compare figures and symbols is known as _______________.

perceptual speed

What did Louis Thurstone call the eight specific factors that make up intelligence?

primary mental abilities

According to which theory, language acquisition involves the interaction of environmental influences and the inborn tendency to acquire language?

psycholinguistic theory

In classical conditioning, extinction is the process by which stimuli lose their ability to evoke learned responses because the events that had followed the stimuli no longer occur.

true

In the context of hunger, which of the following is true of human beings?

Human beings eat only when they are hungry.

The anchoring and adjustment heuristic is a decision-making heuristic in which

a presumption or first estimate serves as a cognitive bias

People receive reinforcement in the form of information in ______.

biofeedback training

What kind of visual stimuli do two-month-olds have the largest preference for?

black and white shapes

In the context of theories of motivation, birds build nests ________.

by instinct

In an experiment, Jay and Alissa are injected with the same concentration of a harmless drug. The purpose of the drug is to create arousal in the subjects who are injected. After a while, the arousal manifests as anger in Jay and as happiness in Alissa. Jay felt angry that he was injected with an unknown substance, but Alissa was happy to be a part of the experiment. These experimental findings can be explained by the ________.

cognitive appraisal theory

Tyrese has tried lemons in the past. Whenever he has eaten them in the past, his mouth waters due to increased salivation. He is watching television one night and an advertisement shows a lemon being sliced open. If just thinking about that lemon makes his mouth begin to water, the increased salivation would be a __________________.

conditioned response

Jorge works for a finance company. His boss tells him that he will get a raise if he completes his work two days before the actual deadline. The raise that Jorge is being offered is referred to as a(n) ________.

incentive

What is the name of the concept that infants are born with the innate ability to learn language?

language acquisition device

A mother is playing with her eight-month-old son. She places a toy in front of her son and then takes it away. She notices that her son starts searching for the toy. Which aspect of Piaget's sensorimotor stage of development is depicted in the scenario?

object permanence

Max's three-year-old typically says things like, "I seed it" and "Mommy sitted down." These examples illustrate ________.

overregularization

At the staff meeting, Adriana heard pitches from each of the teams working on the advertising campaign. Adriana's choice is an example of which step of the problem-solving process?

selecting a promising solution

The reshaping of one's life to concentrate on what one finds to be important and meaningful in the face of physical decline and possible cognitive impairment is known as ___________________.

selective optimization with compensation

The work of McClelland (1965) found that college graduates who were high in achievement motivation ________.

sought careers that had elements of risk, and decision making

Amaan is 21-years-old. He finished his undergraduate studies and found a job. After a few months, he quit and joined another firm with a different job description. In the same year, he switched apartments more than once, with minimal furniture. Which of Jeffrey Arnett's five features of emerging adulthood is best depicted in the scenario?

the age of instability

The feeling that information is stored in memory although it cannot be readily retrieved is called the ______________.

tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon

The evolutionary perspective suggests that animals are biologically prepared to develop taste aversions that are adaptive in their environments.

true

The type or stage of memory that can hold information for up to a minute or so after the trace of the stimulus decays is called ______________.

short-term memory