60 - NAVIGATION
The angle towards the route may be
0-180 degrees
You are flying and maintaining a heading of 020 °C with 5 ° right drift. From the compass card you know that the deviation is 3 °E , the magnetic variation in the area is 4 °W. What is the aircraft's true track?
024° T
You are flying towards a VOR on the 255 radial. In order to obtain CDI indications in the correct sense the OBS should be set to:
075° with a TO indication
You are flying southeast of a VOR station and your heading is 150°. On which radial do you find yourself?
090°-180°
Your aircraft is maintaining a TAS of 110 knots and arrives overhead turning point A at 0812 UTC. Turning point B is 83 nm away using a track of 180°T. Calculate your ETA at B using a forecast wind of 150/40 kt.
0916 UTC
The difference between UTC and CET in the Czech Republic is
1 hour
The fuel tanks on an aircraft contain 40 litres, with a fuel flow of 9 USG per hour, how long will it take to exhaust the tanks completely?
1 hour 10 minutes
You are flying in heading 320°, wind is 200°/20kt. What is the head wind / tail wind component?
10 kt tail wind
Approximately what is the maximum number of aircraft that are able to use a DME station at any one time?
100
Your destination is 77 nm away, you must arrive in not less than 42 minutes. If you are flying at FL 50 and the OAT is +10° C? What is the minimum Calibrated Airspeed CAS required to arrive at the desired time? Assume no head or tail wind component.
101 kt
An aircraft is flying at an indicated air speed (IAS) of 92 knots at FL 60. The OAT is 17°C greater than the ISA, what is the aircraft's true Airspeed (TAS)? Ignore position and instrument errors.
104 kt
An aircraft is flying between two points 120 nm apart, after 40 nm the aircraft is found to be 5 nm to the right of track. In order to route directly to the destination what heading correction is necessary?
11.2° left
Overhead point A the fuel contents are 52 kg. 38 minutes later, over point B, the fuel contents is 45 kg. Your destination, C, is 1 hour and 14 minutes away. Assuming the fuel flow remains constant and a Specific Gravity (Sp.G) of 0.72, how much fuel will remain, in USG, when overhead C?
11.5 USG
The task is as follows: IAS=100km/h, altitude 1600m, t=15°C. TAS=
110 km/h
Your aircraft is maintaining a TAS of 102 knots and arrives overhead turning point A at 1030 UTC. Turning point B is 71 nm away using a track of 260 °T. Calculate your ETA at B using a forecast wind of 310/15 kt.
1117 UTC
An aircraft is flying at an indicated air speed (IAS) of 110 knots at FL 40. The OAT is -5°C, what is the aircraft's true airspeed (TAS)? Ignore position and instrument errors.
114 kt
The globe is divided into
12 time zones in the East and 12 time zones in the West
You will use the VFR ED - 6 attached map for this question. You are flying from IMMENSTADT (N47°34` E010°13`) to PEITING (N47°47` E010°55`). What radio frequency will you use in case of loss of orientation?
126.95 MHz
An aircraft is flying between two points 80 nm apart, after 20 nm the aircraft is found to be 3 nm to the right of track. In order to route directly to the destination what heading correction is necessary?
12° left
The task is as follows: IAS=120km/h, altitude 2000m, t=-10°C. TAS=
130 km/h
An aircraft is flying at an indicated air speed (IAS) of 120 knots at FL 80. The OAT is 11°C greater than the ISA, what is the aircraft's true airspeed (TAS)? Ignore position and instrument errors.
138 kt
Average consumption 45 l/h, flight time 3h 06min. The fuel consumption will be
140 l
Your aircraft is maintaining a TAS of 94 knots and arrives overhead turning point A at 1450 UTC. Turning point B is 102 nm away using a track of 010° T. Calculate your ETA at B using a forecast wind of 220/25 kt.
1542 UTC
An aircraft is flying at an indicated air speed (IAS) of 130 knots at FL 100. The OAT is +10 °C, what is the aircraft's true airspeed (TAS)? Ignore position and instrument errors.
156 kt
The central meridians of time zones East and West of the zero meridian are
15°, 30°, 45°, 60° etc.
Los Angeles is located at approximately 33°56'N 118°30'W. If LMT is 0830, what is the time in UTC?
1624 UTC
The magnetic pole rotate around the geographical pole one in 27 000 years at a distance of
17 degrees
An aircraft is tracking away from an NDB maintaining a track of 040 with 9° of port (left)drift. What bearing should the relative bearing indicator (RBI) be indicating?
171° relative
An aircraft is tracking towards an NDB maintaining a track of 090° with 8° of port (left) drift. What bearing should the relative bearing indicator (RBI) indicate?
172° relative
You are flying and maintaining a heading of 179 °C with 11 ° right drift. From the compass card you know that the deviation is 4 °W , the magnetic variation in the area is 9 °W. What is the aircraft's true track?
177° T
Overhead point A the fuel contents are 22 USG. 27 minutes later, over point B, the fuel contents is 17 USG. Your destination, C, is 55 minutes away. Assuming the fuel flow remains contant and a Specific Gravity (Sp.G) of 0.72, how much fuel will remain, in kg, when overhead C?
18.6 kg
An aircraft is flying between two points 90 nm apart, after 50 nm the aircraft is found to be 7 nm to the left of track. In order to route directly to the destination what heading correction is necessary?
18.9° right
You are flying southwest of a VOR station and your heading is 030°. On which radial do you find yourself?
180°-270°
Your aircraft in maintaining a TAS of 121 knots and arrives overhead turning point A at 1826 UTC. Turning point B is 48 nm away using a track of 140°T. Calculate your ETA at B using a forecast wind of 200/20 kt
1852 UTC
An aircraft is tracking away from an NDB maintaining a track of 300° with 5° of starboard (right) drift. What bearing should the relative bearing indicator (RBI) indicate?
185° relative
The task is as follows: IAS=180km/h, altitude 1800m, t=0°C. TAS=
195 km/h
Which of the specified scales is the biggest?
1:100 000
During your flight you find out that you have only 15 l of fuel at average consumption of 11 l/h. This amount of fuel will last for:
1h 22min
The task is as follows: GS=120 km/h, flight distance=220km, the flight time will be
1h 50min
In order to determine position, you need
2 NDB beacons
The difference between UTC and CEST in the Czech Republic is
2 hours
f an aircraft flies due north along a meridian from latitude 28°30'S to 15° N, in nautical miles what distance is covered?
2,610 nm
10 cm on 1:200 000 map corresponds to actual distance of
20 km
St. Lucia is located at approximately 14° 1'N 60° 45' W. If UTC is 0100, what is the Local Mean Time?
2057 LMT
You found out from a chart that sunset at 15°E will be at 07:35 pm. You are flying to an airport located at 7°30`E. Sunset at the destination airport will occur at
20:05:00
You found out from a chart that sunset at 15°E will be at 08:05 pm. You are flying to an airport located at 5°E. Sunset at the destination airport will occur at
20:45:00
You are flying and maintaining a true track of 255° T with 7° left drift. The magnetic variation in the area is 6° E, and from the fcompass card you know that the deviation is 2° W. What is the aircraft's compass heading?
244° C
You are flying northwest of a VOR station and your heading is 160°. On which radial do you find yourself?
270°-360°
You will use the VFR ED - 6 map for this question. You are flying from SAULGAU (N48°02` E009°30`) to SCHONGAU (N47°50` E010°52`). Upon crossing the E010°10` meridian, the weather does not allow you to continue in flight. You decide to return.
282°
12 cm on 1:250 000 map corresponds to the actual distance of
30 km
You are flying in heading 100°, wind is 060°/40kt. What is the head wind / tail wind component?
30 kt head wind
When flying towards a VOR on the 125 radial, in order to obtain CDI indications in the correct sense the OBS should be set to:
305 ° with a TO indication
You will use the VFR ED - 6 map for this question. You are flying from SAULGAU (N48°02` E009°30`) to SCHONGAU (N47°50` E010°52`). Upon crossing the E010°10` meridian, you will be on the following radial to the VOR DME KEMPTEN
328°
An aircraft is tracking towards an NDB maintaining a track of 270° with 8° of port (left) drift. What bearing should the relative bearing indicator (RBI) indicate?
352° relative
When using GPS, what is the minimum number of satellites required to provide three dimensional position fixing?
4
1 degree of geographical longitude represents
4 min
In order to operate properly, a GPS receiver needs signals from at least
4 satellites
If an aircraft flies due north along a meridian from latitude 05°30'S to 32° 30'N, in kilometres what distance is covered?
4,230 km
If an aircraft flies due south along the 002 °W meridian from latutude 53 °30'N to 25 °S. In nautical miles what distance is covered?
4,710 nm
n aircraft is flying between two points 140 nm apart, after 40 nm the aircraft is found to be 2 nm to the left of track. In order to route directly to the station what heading correction is necessary?
4.2° right
The task is as follows: GS=180 km/h, flight distance=120km, the flight time will be
40min
New Delhi, is located at approximately 28 °35'N 77 °15'E. If LMT in New Delhi is 1000, what is the time in UTC?
451 UTC
Average consumption 21 l/h, flight time 2h 10 min. The fuel consumption will be
46 l
Use the attached VFR ED - 6 map for this question. You are flying from IMMENSTADT (N47°34` E010°13`) to PEITING (N47°47` E010°55`). How high is the highest obstacle 5 NM left and right of your route?
5866 ft
You found out from a chart that sunrise at 15°E will occur at 05:24 am. You are flying from an airport located at 19°30`E. Sunrise will occur at the departure airport at
5:06:00
Overhead point A the fuel contents are 17 USG. 19 minutes later, over point B, the fuel contents is 15 USG. Your destination, C, is 42 minutes away. Assuming the fuel flow remains constant and a Specific Gravity (Sp.G) of 0.72, how much fuel will remain, in lb, when overhead C?
62.5 lb
You found out from a chart that sunrise at 15°E will be at 06:24 am. You are flying from an airport located at 17°30`E. Sunrise at the departure airport will occur at
6:14:00
Civil dawn and civil dusk start when the Sun is under the horizon at the angle of
6°
The marginal meridians of time zones are
7°30` on each side of the zone central meridian
An aircrafft is maintaining a compass heading of 315° C, the deviation is 1° E, the true heading is 324° T. What is the magnetic variation?
8° E
Your destination is 80 nm away, you must arrive in not less than 50 minutes. If you are flying at FL 50 and the OAT is -10°C. What is the minimum Calibrated Airspeed CAS required to arrive at the desired time? (Assume no head or tail wind component)
91 kt
The small circle is:
A circle, whose plane does not pass through the Earth's center
A Non-Directional Beacon (NDB) is:
A ground based station that transmits onmi-directionally
A geographical meridian is:
A half of the meridian circle
Isogone is
A line connecting locations with identical declination
A rhumb line may be defined as:
A line on the Earth which crosses all meridians at the same angle
The VOR receiver displays:
A magnetic bearing relative to the VOR station
What is the name given to a line which crosses all meridians at the same angle?
A rhumb line
The equipment associated with Secondary Surveillance Radas (SSR) are:
A transponder in the air and PPI on the ground
The main navigational instruments are
Airspeed indicator, compass, and clock
The conversion angle is
An angle between orthodrome and loxodrome in points, which are connected by both lines on the globe
Parallels of latitude:
Are all small circles, except for the equator
Positions of the geographical and the magnetic poles are:
Are not identical
Simple map projections are produced
As transfer of the globe into a plane via a geometrically defined simple area
A magnetic compass is most accurate
At low latitudes
The UTC abbreviation in general aviation for time is
Atomic time coordinated with the astronomical time
Bangkok International Airport is located at 13°41'N 100°45'E. If Locsl Mean Time is 1500. What is the time in UTC?
Bangkok International Airport is located at 13°41'N 100°45'E. If Locsl Mean Time is 1500. What is the time in UTC?
Orthodrome is
Both previous answers are correct
How may the range of primary radar be increased?
By locating the radar head at an elevation above surrounding obstacles
Declination is biggest
Close to the poles
The big circle is:
Cross points of a plane, which passes through the Earth's center with the Earth surface
Deviation table is designed for
Determination of aircraft deviation in basic headings
The magnetic North is a direction
Determined by a compass needle, which is affected by no disturbing impacts
Declination is caused by
Different locations of the geographical north and the magnetic North
The angle between the Earth's magnetic field and the horizontal is referred to as:
Dip (or "z")
The geographical North and South
Do not change their positions
The cylindrical map projection
Does not distort angles at the expense of distortion of areas and lengths
The conic conformal; map projection
Does not distort areas. It distorts angles and lengths.
During conducting of comparative orientation in flight we position map
During conducting of comparative orientation in flight we position map
During conducting of comparative orientation, it is always more reliable
During conducting of comparative orientation, it is always more reliable
Text d=+2 means, that the compass North is
East of the magnetic North
Text D=+2 means
Eastern, i.e. positive declination
Contour lines (isohypses) are closed spatial curves connecting locations with identical:
Elevation
Based on AIP GEN 1-2-1, the following altitude units are used in the Czech Republic
Feet and meters
We use the angle gauge for measuring our route
From the geographical North
The drift angle is measured
From the geographical North to the route
The task is as follows: Km=312°, TAS=100 km/h, V/v = 135°/10kt
GS=118 km/h, US=1°P
The task is as follows: Km=225°, TAS=120 km/h, V/v = 090°/11kt
GS=135 km/h, US=7°P
The task is as follows: Km=015°, TAS=110 km/h, V/v = 050°/13.5kt
GS=92 km/h, US=10°L
The Earth's axis is a theoretical line leading through the center of Earth and perpendicular to the Equator. Those locations, at which it pierces the Earth's surface, are called poles and they are as follows:
Geographical
The ICAO 1:500 000 aeronautical chart is reliable
In angles, routes, and areas
Data for altimeter setting are specified
In hPa
Horizontal speed is specified
In km/h, m/sec and in knots
GPS
Is supplemental navigational equipment. Its presence aboard does not affect the pilot or the aircraft in terms of IFR/VFR flights.
Agone is
Isogone, where declination is zero
Loxodrome is
It forms an identical angle with all the meridians
If Kz=015°, D=-5°, d=+2° then
Km = 020°, Kk= 018°
If Kz=050°, D=+2°, d=+5° then
Km = 048°, Kk= 043°
If Kz=225°, D=+3°, d=+3° then
Km = 222°, Kk= 219°
If Kz=285°, D=4°W, d=-8° then
Km = 289°, Kk= 297°
You are flying in magnetic heading 310°, US=P 5°. If you have to return, you will turn to heading
Km= 140°
You are flying in magnetic heading 075°, US=L 10°. If you have to return, you will turn to heading
Km= 235°
Using a map with a magnetic North-based grid, you find out that Km=142° D=4°E, d=+4°, then
Kz= 146°, Kk=138°
Using a map with a magnetic North-based grid, you find out that Km=357° D=1°W, d=-5°, then
Kz= 356°, Kk=002°
The basis of the ICAO 1:500 000 aeronautical chart is the following projection
Lambert
You are flying from a VOR station at heading 030°. You are on the 050° radial and you are supposed to be on the 060° radial. You find yourself
Left of the route
You are flying towards a VOR station at heading 235°. You are on the 025° radial and you are supposed to be on the 015° radial. You find yourself
Left of the route
Based on AIP GEN 1-2-1, the following wind direction and speed units are used in the Czech Republic
Magnetic degrees and knots
A QDM is:
Magnetic heading (in nil wind) to steer to reach the VDF station
Deviation is caused by
Magnetic objects in the vicinity of the compass needle
The airborne VOR receiver:
Measures the phase difference between two signals transmitted by the VOR beacon.
You will use the VFR ED - 6 map for this question. You are flying from SAULGAU (N48°02` E009°30`) to SCHONGAU (N47°50` E010°52`) at altitude 3500 ft. In order to be able to continue in flight upon crossing the E010°00` meridian, you have to contact
Memmingen tower 135.60 MHz
When using a chart constructed on Lambert projection:
Meridians of longitude are straight lines, parallels of latitude are curved lines concave towards the nearest pole
A "Lambert" projection is best used for covering:
Mid-latitudes
You will use the VFR ED - 6 map for this question. What equipment is located at N48°03` E009°22`?
NDB
ARK operates thanks to
NDB beacons
Based on AIP GEN 1-2-1, the following distance units are used in the Czech Republic
Nautical miles/kilometers
Isobaths are closed spatial curves connecting locations with identical
Negative altitude, so called depth contours
The correct Q code for a true bearing from a VDF station is:
QTE
You are flying towards a VOR station at heading 320°. You are on the 135° radial and you are supposed to be on the 150° radial. You find yourself
Right of the route
General aviation uses maps with the following projection
Simple
Map projections are divided as follows
Simple, general, and geodetic
The accuracy of a VDF may be decreased by:
Site and propagation errors
The range and accuracy of VHF transmissions are degraded by:
Site and propagation errors, the altitude and range of the receiving aircraft and the height of the ground based transmitter.
What range is displayed on the DME cockpit display?
Slant range
With the Sun in the west, the moment when the upper limb of the Sun touches the horizon is known as:
Sunset
Civil Twilight in the evening is from:
Sunset and ends when the centre of the Sun's disc is 6° below the horizon
Magnetic dip may be defined as:
The angle between a magnetic needle in a compass and the horizontal
Meridian convergence is determined by
The course of orthodrome on two considered meridians
Declination is the angle between
The geographical North and the magnetic North
A VOR radials is:
The magnetic bearing from the station
The central meridian of the zero zone is
The meridian passing through the Greenwich observatory in England
The angle between the geographical North and the scheduled route measured from the geographical North is
The planned geographical route angle
Sunrise is when:
The upper limb of the Sun appears to touch the horizon
Direction is exclusively expressed via the following number of figures
Three
Completely bare ground surface with dry lands, roughness, and sea levels is called
Topographical area
Terrain structures like forests, lakes, castles, roads, railroads etc., are called
Topographical situation
What is the name of the aircraft equipment needed for secondary surveillance radar?
Transponder
A VOR is a radio navigation aid that operates in which radio band?
VHF
DME station range depends on flight altitude and terrain. It is the same as in the case of
VOR
Which radio navigation system operates using the principle of phase comparison?
VOR
You will use the VFR ED-6 attached map for this question. What equipment is located at (N48°11` E011°49`)?
VOR DME
Which of the following navigation aids use frequencies in the VHF band?
VOR and VDF
If we cross the dateline in the Western direction
We add one calendar day
Text d=-3 means, that the compass North is
West of the magnetic North
Text D=-4 means
Western, i.e. negative declination
If you are flying to the East and increase the power, the magnetic compass
Will indicate a turn to the North
If you are flying to the West and increase power, your magnetic compass
Will indicate a turn to the North
If you are flying to the East and decrease power, your magnetic compass
Will indicate a turn to the South
If you are flying to the West and decrease power, your magnetic compass
Will indicate a turn to the South
Correct determination of the drift angle sense is based on the following fact
Wind drifts aircraft from the compass heading to the route
VOR station range depends on flight altitude and terrain. At low altitudes of up to 300 m its range is
Within 80 km
The magnetic compass indicates the right heading if you are flying
Without any change of altitude and speed
If you are turning South according to your magnetic compass,
You will overturn
If you are turning East according to your magnetic compass,
You will stop exactly on the intended heading
If you are turning West according to your magnetic compass,
You will stop exactly on the intended heading
If you are turning North according to your magnetic compass,
You will underturn
If an aircraft flies due south along the 045°W meridian from latitude 37° N to 21°45'S. What distance is covered in i) nautical miles ii) statute miles and iii) kilometres?
i) 3,525 nm ii) 4,055 sm iii)6,520
With increasing latitude magnetic dip becomes.....(i)..... And commpass errors ......(ii).....
i) Greater ii) Increase
You are flying from a VOR station at heading 245°. You are on the 230° radial and you are supposed to be on the 220° radial. You find yourself
ight of the route
Isolines are lines connecting adjacent points
of identical air pressure, magnetic declinations etc.
A class B VDF bearing is accurate to:
±5°
