7.2

Research suggests that this may partially explain women's lower promotion rate.

Work life balance

Burn out

an ongoing negative emotional state resulting from dissatisfaction

Type b

are calmer by nature. They think through situations as opposed to reacting emotionally.

The saying "the straw that broke the camel's back" applies to

Stressors

Stress

psychologists as the body's reaction to a change that requires a physical, mental, or emotional adjustment or response

Challenge stressors

refer to demands and circumstances that cause stress but that also promote individual growth, such as high work pressures, high levels of responsibility, or having a lot of (high-quality) work to do

Hindrance stressors

refer to stress caused by factors that detract us from our goals and prevent personal growth, such as stress caused by interpersonal conflict, work-life conflict, and daily hassles such as your computer malfunctioning and being cut off in traffic

Anticipatory Stress

refers to stress caused by visualizing events that may (or may not) happen in the future.

Role Stressors

Role Ambiguity Role Conflict Role Overload

research shows that ---- is the strongest predictor of poor performance.

role ambiguity

Workaholics

working excessively and compulsively

Information overload can lead to

Role overload has been made much more salient because of the ease at which we can get abundant information from Web search engines and the numerous e-mail, social media, and text messages we receive each day

Rumination

Stress is also caused by the inability to let go of past events and obsessively thinking about them

Psychological stress

depression and anxiety

type a personalities

display high levels of speed/impatience, job involvement, and hard-driving competitiveness

Role Conflict

facing contradictory demands at work. For example, your manager may want you to increase customer satisfaction and cut costs, while you feel that satisfying customers inevitably increases costs.

Psycological capital

higher levels of personal and relational resources are important for coping.

type a and stress

stress can lead to illness over time, it's easy to see how the fast-paced, adrenaline-pumping lifestyle of a Type A person can lead to increased stress, and research supports this view.[] Studies show that the hostility and hyper-reactive portion of the Type A personality is a major concern in terms of stress and negative organizational outcomes

Stages of GAS

Alarm Resistance Exhaustion

Problem with demand control

Even very high-level executives who have the ability to decide every element of their work life experience stress, so a lack of control is unlikely to be the entire explanation for why we are stressed.

Job Demands Resources

Individuals need to meet these demands, using resources available to them. In other words, stress is caused by the interaction between demands and resources, or by the mismatch between the amount and type of resources and demands. stress can be managed by reducing job demands, increasing the resources available to the person, or both.[

Interpersonal stresseors

Mostly caused of supervisors The leadership style (such as being too controlling or too disinterested), communication style (low levels of support and interactional justice), or displays of negative styles (abusive leadership, undermining of employees, or bullying) are important stressors that could affect employee well-being

Downsizing effects

a study of over 1,200 Finnish workers found that past downsizing or expectations of future downsizing was related to greater psychological strain and absence.[] In another study of creativity and downsizing, researchers found that creativity and most creativity-supporting aspects of the perceived work environment declined significantly during the downsizin

a recent census showed that 25% of the American workforce works more than 40 hours per week and 7% report working more than 60 hours per week with an average workweek of 46 hours per week, creating an unavoidable spillover from work to family life.

also can be because of no stay at home parent

. While both forms of stress contribute to burnout, ----- also promote work engagement.

challenge stressors

Workaholics and stress

do not necessarily enjoy working, they have to work, and feel guilty when not working. Studies have shown that workaholics experience higher levels of burnout, work-life conflict, and stress, as well as worse health outcomes

4 traits of psychology cap

efficacy (the belief that one has the ability to accomplish goals), optimism (having a positive outlook toward life), hope (having goal-directed energy and changing one's path as needed), and resilience (the ability to bounce back from negative events).

Physical stress

heart attack rashes hypertension headache fatigue

Role Overload

is defined as having insufficient time and resources to complete a job.

Type b and stress

lower fight and flight response

Work life conflict leads to

lower job and life satisfaction and it seems that work-life conflict is slightly more problematic for women than men.

Alarm

may help to think of this as the fight-or-flight moment in the individual's experience. If the response is sufficient, the body will return to its resting state after having successfully dealt with the source of stress.

Information overload

occurring when the information processing demands on an individual's time to perform interactions and internal calculations exceed the supply or capacity of time available for such processing.

Work life conflict

occurs when the demands from work and non-work domains are negatively affecting one another.

General Adaptation Syndrome

predicts that when there is a threat to the individual's natural balance, the body responds by engaging in a "fight-or-flight" response.

Role Ambiguity

refers to vagueness in relation to what our responsibilities are Having high role ambiguity is related to higher emotional exhaustion

having high levels of PsyCap is related to lower levels of

stress, stress symptoms, and turnover intentions

Demand control model

the highest level of stress occurs when job demands are high and job control is low. In other words, there are high levels of demands on the person, but very little ability to control the situation, resulting in stress. The ability to control one's job in the form of having autonomy at work regarding when and how to do one's job, as well as the ability to shape one's own work environment are tools to deal with stress.

Holmes-Rahe scale measures

the stress or positive or negative life events

Resistance

when stress continues release cortisol and draws on reserves of fats and sugars to find a way to adjust to the demands of stress. This reaction works well for short periods of time, but it is only a temporary fix- because you're drawing on reserves

Exhaustion

which the body has depleted its stores of sugars and fats, and the prolonged release of cortisol has caused the stressor to significantly weaken the individual. Disease results from the body's weakened state, leading to death in the most extreme cases. you go for bad foods

Stress causes

worse job attitudes, higher turnover, and decreases in job performance in terms of both in-role performance and organizational citizenship behaviors less loyalty more absenteeism