7:5 Muscular System (Key Terms)

Muscular system

600+ muscles that make up an entire system

Fascia

A tough, sheet like membrane that covers and protects the tissue

Extensibility

Ability to be stretched

Elasticity

Allows to the muscle to return to its original shape

Dorsiflexion

Bending backwards or bending the foot toward the knee

Plantar flexion

Bending forward or bending the foot away from the knee

Cardiac muscle

Forms the wall of the heart and contracts to circulate blood

Smooth muscle

Found in the internal organs

Involuntary

Function without conscious or control

Voluntary

Has control over the action

Extension

Increasing the angle of two bones or straightening a body part

Abduction

Moving a body apart from the midline

Adduction

Moving a body part toward the midline

Circumduction

Moving in a circle at a joint; or moving one end of a body part in a circle while the other end remains stationary

Visceral muscle (smooth)

Muscle found in the internal organs

Skeletal muscle

Muscles attached to the bone and causes movement

Muscle tone

Sometimes described as a state of readiness to act ( state of partial contraction)

Tendons

Strong, tough, fibrous connective tissue cords (bone to muscle)

Excitability

The ability to respond to a nerve pulse

Origin

The end of the muscle does not move

Insertion

The end of the muscle that moves

Contract

To become short and thick

Rotation

Turning a body part around it's own axis

Pronation

Turning the body part downward

Supination

Turning the body part upward

Contracture

a severe tightening of a flexor muscle resulting in bending of a joint

Flexion

decreasing the angle of two bones or bending a body part

Contractibility

muscle fibers that are stimulated by nerves contract or become short and thick, which causes movement