a and p chapter 10
what term refers to a deficiency of white blood cells?
leukopenia
platelets are fragments of a multinucleate cell known as a _________
megakaryocyte
the largest of all the white blood cells (WBCs) is the ____________
monocyte
what is the most numerous type of white blood cell, and an active phagocyte that increases rapidly during acute infections?
neutrophil
the most numerous of the white blood cells are the ________
neutrophils
donor and recipient blood types are A positive. Mixing recipient serum with donar RBC's caused agglutination. No agglutination occured when donor serum was mixed with recipient RBCs. Is the blood safe for transfusion?
no, antibodies in the recipient's plasma are interacting with some unidentified antigen on the donor RBCs
composed of approximately 90 percent water, over 100 different substances are dissolved in this straw-colored fluid called ___________
plasma
the matrix of blood is called _______
plasma
what formed element is responsible for stopping bleading
platelet
if you carry the Rh antigen, you are referred to as Rh ____________
positive
what is the basis of the ABO blood groups?
presence or absence of A and B antigens on the surface of RBCs
where does hematopoiesis occur to produce new red blood cells?
red bone marrow
neither an enhancer or an inhibitor
serum
which anemia is caused by a genetic mutation?
sickle cell anemia
which clotting factors converts fibrinogen to fibrin
thrombin
what blood type has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their plasma?
type O
what blood type can a person with O negative blood receive in a transfusion
type O negative
which of these occurs first in hemostasis?
vascular spasm
the normal pH of blood is in the range of ________; therefore, a pH of 7.10 would be a condition called __________
7.35-7.45; acidosis
clot inhibitors
asprin, heparin, coumadin
which leukocytes release histamine during the inflammatory response?
basophils
which type of granulocyte releases histamine at sites of inflammation
basophils
which blood type contains the A antigen only?
blood type A
molly has blood type A and her daughter has blood type B. Why cant molly donaate to her daughteR?
blood type B contains anti-A antibodies, which will agglutinate with type A blood
which blood type(s) can a person with blood type O receive?
blood type O
which of these indicates leukocytosis
WBC count higher than 11,000 cells/mm^3
clot enhancers
calcium ions, fibriogen, tissue factor, thrombin, vitamin k, PF3
which of these is a plasma electrolyte?
chloride
hemostasis, involving three major phases including vascular spasms, platelet plug formation, and blood clotting is called _____________
coagulation
hemostasis, involving three major phases including vascular spasms, platelet plug information, and blood clotting, is called ______
coagulation
what triggers the adherance of platelets to the wall of an injured blood vessel?
collagen fibers
blood is a complex _______ tissue and is only _______ tissue in the body
connective; fluid
a woman with blood type O has a baby with type O. the father ______________
could be A, B, or O, but not be AB
what is the name of the process by which white blood cells move in and out of blood vessels?
diapedesis
which type of WBC increase during allergic reactions and parasitic worm infections?
eosinophils
which type of WBC increases during allergic reactions and parasitic worm infections?
eosinophils
the meshwork structure of a proper clot is due largely to the __________ threads that trap the red blood cells
fibrin
which of the following is characteristic of whole blood?
five times the viscosity of water
the living cells and cell fragments in blood are called __________ elements and include erythrocyte, leukocytes, and _______________
formed; platelets
unlike red blood cells, white blood cells ________
have a nuclei
all formed elements arise from a single type of stem cell names a ___________
hemocytoblast
what stem cell gives rise to all formed elements?
hemocytoblast
which cell is the precursor of all types of blood formed elements?
hemocytoblast
the molecule most responsible for carrying oxygen in blood is known as _________
hemoglobin
the molecule most responsible for carrying oxygen in the blood is known as _________
hemoglobin
what disorder is associated with deficiency of clotting factors?
hemophilia
which of the following is a hereditary bleeding disorder, commonly called the "bleeder's disease">
hemophillia
the rapid sequence of vacular spasms, platelet plug formation, and coagulation is known as _____________
hemostasis
which of the following inhibits clot formation?
heparin
when oxygen levels are low, the _____ is/are stimulated to release ____________
kidneys; erythropoietin
accountring for about 1 % of total blood volue, ______ form a protective, movable army to defend the body against bacteria, viruses, parasites, and tumor cells
leukocytes
which blood ccells are responsible for fighting infections?
leukocytes
each of the following occurs when blood clots after a cute EXCEPT___________ A. fibrin filaments trap cells to produce a clot B. clotting factors combine with calcium ions to form an activator C. platelets react with clotting factors D. thrombin converts fibrin into fibrnogen
D. thrombin converts fibrin into fibrinogen
when typing a patient's blood, agglutination occured with anti-A and anti-Rh. what is this patient's blood type?
A positive
each of the following is a characteristic of red blood cells EXCEPT that they ____- A. live about 30 days B. contain hemoglobin C. are formed in the red bone marrow D. are anucleate
A. live about 30 days
which is not a function of blood? A. to increase fluid loss B. to transport nutrients C. to regulate body temperature D. to reuglate pH
A. to increase fluid loss
what is a function that is used to maintain osmotic pressure and pH balance?
albumin
a persistent clot in an unbroken blood vessel is known as ______-
a thrombus
when antibodies bind to antigens on foreign blood types, clumping or _________ occurs
agglutination
a protein in the plasma that contributes to the osmotic pressure of blood is ____________
albumin
