A & P II Cardiovascular

What are two other names of the mitral valve?

-Bicuspid valve -Left atrioventricular

Arteries serving the stomach pancreas and liver all Branch from the ___?

Celiac Trunk

In a blood pressure measurement of 110/70, the number 70 is what?

Diastolic pressure

Which chemicals speed up the heart rate (choose all that apply)

-epinephrine & norepinephrine -thyroid hormones -Calcium

Hypovolemia

Abnormally low levels of fluid and blood within the body

Which of the following controls blood pressure -Neural -Endocrine -Decreasing pH -Increasing levels of carbon -Increasing levels of potassium -Decreasing levels of oxygen

All

Hypertension

Chronic and persistent blood pressure measurement of 140/90mm Hg or above

The ___ layer secretes chemicals that help to regulate ionic environments and strength of contraction and serve as powerful vasoconstriction

Endocardium

T/F: The blood that feeds the muscle of the heart comes from the inferior vena cava

False- the coronary arteries are special blood vessels that feed the heart muscle cells

Slight vasodilation in an arteriole prompts a ____?

Huge decrease in resistance

A healthy elastic artery ___?

Is compliant

The cardiac cycle consists of a distinct relaxation and contraction phase. Which term is typically used to refer to ventricular contraction while no blood is being ejected?

Isovolumic contraction

Cardiac output

Measurement of blood flow from the heart through the ventricles and is measured in liters per minute

The ductus venosus is a shunt that allows ____?

Most freshly oxygenated blood to flow into the fetal heart

Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP)

Pressure exerted by colloids suspended in blood within a vessel (plasma proteins)

nervi vasorum

Small nerve fibers found in arteries and veins that trigger contraction of the smooth muscle in their walls

Compliance

The ability of any compartment to expand to increased content

what is hydrostatic pressure?

The pressure exerted by fluid in an enclosed space

In a healthy young adult, what happens to cardiac output when heart rate increases above 160 bpm? a. it increases b. It decreases c. it remains constant d. there is no way to predict

b. It decreases

Of the three germ layers that give rise to all adult tissues and organs, which gives rise to the heart? a. ectoderm b. endoderm c. mesoderm d. placenta

c. mesoderm

Which portion of the ECG corresponds to repolarization of the atria? a. P wave b. QRS complex c. T wave d. none of the above: atrial repolarization is marked by ventricular depolarization

d. none of the above: atrial repolarization is marked by ventricular depolarization

Net filtration pressure is calculated by ____?

subtracting the blood colloid osmotic pressure from the capillary hydrostatic pressure

Ventricular relaxation immediately follows___?

ventricular repolarization

Which component of the heart conduction system would have the slowest rate of firing? a. atrioventricular (AV) node b. atrioventricular bundle c. bundle branches d. Purkinje fibers

d. Purkinje fibers

Venoconstriction increases which of the following? a. blood flow within the vein b. blood pressure within the vein . c. return of blood to the heart d. all of the above

d. all of the above