A&p 2 test 3- ch 21 hw

Which amount of surfactant resulted in the greatest amount of airflow?

4

From which structures do oxygen molecules move from the lungs to the blood?

Alveoli

Which of the following accurately describes alveolar sacs?

Each of them forms a common chamber connected to several individual alveoli.

Which is true regarding the blood air barrier?

Gas exchange occurs across the blood air barrier. Submit

Which is true regarding the Bohr effect on the oxygen-hemoglobin saturation curve?

If the pH decreases, hemoglobin releases more oxygen.

Which statement best expresses Boyle's Law?

If the volume of a gas-filled container increases, the pressure of the gas in the container decreases.

Applying Boyle's law, which of the following statements would be true for gas in a closed container at a constant temperature?

If the volume of the container is decreased, the gas pressure will increase.

Which statement is correct?

In the blood, oxygen is bound to hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells.

How did the total air flow in this trial differ from that in the previous trial in which the pleural cavities were intact?

It was cut in half.

How did the pressure in the left intrapleural cavity change when the valve was opened?

It went from a negative number to zero and the pressure in the intrapleural cavity equalized with the atmospheric pressure.

Which of these physical changes to the respiratory structures does NOT cause the lung volume to increase?

The intrapulmonary pressure rises above the atmospheric pressure. Submit

Which of the following descriptions accurately describes Boyle's law?

The pressure of gas in your lungs is inversely proportional to the volume in your lungs.

Choose the correct statement regarding the trachea and bronchi.

The right primary bronchus is larger in diameter than the left primary bronchus.

Type I pneumocytes:

are thin and delicate squamous epithelial cells.

In this activity, the pressure in the pleural cavity would be located _______.

between the bell jar and the outer wall of the lung

Which muscles, when contracted, would increase the volume of air in the thoracic cavity?

diaphragm and external intercostals

During an allergic reaction, which of the following would aid respiration?

epinephrine

The pressure in the pleural cavity is called the _______.

intrapleural pressure

Which pressure is the result of the natural tendency of the lungs to decrease their size (because of elasticity) and the opposing tendency of the thoracic wall to pull outward and enlarge the lungs?

intrapleural pressure

During inspiration, the physical changes in the respiratory system cause:

intrapulmonary pressure to decrease below atmospheric pressure

Hemoglobin

is a protein that can bind four molecules of oxygen.

Most of the carbon dioxide that is absorbed by blood:

is converted to carbonic acid.

Internal respiration __________.

is the absorption of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide by tissue cells

After blood becomes oxygenated,

it returns to the heart, and is then pumped to body cells.

Which upper respiratory structure includes the portion of the pharynx between the hyoid bone and the entrance to the larynx and esophagus?

laryngopharynx

The pressure in the pleural cavity is _______.

less than the pressure in the alveoli and less than atmospheric pressure

If the transpulmonary pressure equals zero, what will happen to the lung?

lungs will collapse

In inhaled dry air, which of the following is found in the highest concentration?

nitrogen (N2)

Each terminal bronchiole supplies which singular structure?

pulmonary lobule

Which is defined as the amount of air that remains in the lungs even after a maximal exhalation?

residual volume

Which type of epithelium lines the inferior portions of the pharynx?

stratified squamous epithelium

During inhalation,

the diaphragm and rib muscles contract.

Without surfactant, _______.

the surface tension of the liquid in the alveoli would be greater and the alveoli would collapse

In a gas, such as air, the molecules bounce around as independent objects. At normal atmospheric pressures, gas molecules are much farther apart than the molecules in a liquid, so the density of air is relatively low. The pressure exerted by the enclosed gas results from the collision of gas molecules with the walls of the container. The greater the number of collisions means the higher the pressure. The fewer the collisions means the lower the pressure.

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