A&P Ch. 19 HW Questions

Elevated arterial pressure of 140/90 or higher; often referred to as a "silent killer";heart works harder, causing the myocardium to enlarge and weaken

Hypertension

Veins draining the head and arms empty into the _________, which carries blood to the right atrium of the heart.

Superior vena cava

Arteries branch into smaller vessels known as arterioles.

True

Blood cells and proteins typically cannot pass across the walls of capillaries and are thus prevented from leaving or entering the capillaries.

True

Blood pressure is highest in the arteries and declines to 0 or negative pressure in the vena cavae.

True

Capillaries are composed only of tunica intima.

True

Exchanges between blood and tissue cells occur in capillary beds

True

In fetal circulation, blood travels directly from the RA to the LA through the foramen ovale.

True

The 3 branches of the aortic arch are the brachiocephallic trunk, left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery.

True

The hepatic veins drain the blood from the liver and return it to the inferior vena cava.

True

When precapillary sphincters are closed, blood flows through the shunts and bypasses the tissue cells.

True

-thicker walls and heavier tunica media -carry blood away from heart -aorta

arteries

The path of blood flow within the systemic vascular system is _______________.

arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins

Which type of vessel has a thick tunica media?

artery

Substances tend to leave the bloodstream at the arterial end of the capillary because ___________.

blood pressure is higher at the arterial end of the capillary

Fluid tends to be forced out of a capillary bed by ________ while ________ tends to draw fluid into the capillary bed.

blood pressure; osmotic pressure

-nutrient gas exchange occurs -drained by venules

capillaries

What blood vessel do you palpate when checking the pulse in your neck?

common carotid artery

The longest veins in the body drain the leg and are the _____________.

great saphenous veins

The single vessel that drains blood from the digestive tract organs to the liver is the ___________.

hepatic portal vein

sustained elevated arterial blood pressure above 140/90mmHG is a condition known as ______________________.

hypertension (high blood pressure)

Veins __________________.

often have valves to prevent the backflow of blood

Arteries are normally depicted as red while veins are colored blue. The exceptions to this rule are the _____________ arteries and veins.

pulmonary

the correct sequence of layers of a typical blood vessel, from superficial to deep, are ____________.

tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima

The narrowing of blood vessels is known as ____________.

vasoconstriction

-thinner walls and transport oxygen-poor blood -blood pressure is low or negative -some larger ones have valves to prevent backflow -superior and inferior vena cava -return blood to heart

veins

vessels lose their elasticity and become stiff; clogging of vessels with fat; leads to arteriosclerosis and death of vessel's smooth muscle

Atherosclerosis

Diastolic pressure is the blood pressure in the arteries at the peak of ventricular contraction.

False

The inferior vena cava returns blood to the heart from all body regions above the diaphragm.

False

By what pathway does oxygen leave capillaries to supply body tissues?

diffusion through capillary cell membranes

Tunica ________, the middle layer of a typical blood vessel, contains smooth muscle and elastic fibers.

media