A&P Chapter 1 review

Microscopic anatomy

deals with structures too small to be seen with the naked eye

superficials opposite

deep

peritoneum

digestive organs

ventral opposite

dorsal

physiology examines

how the body functions

protons are found

in the atomic nucleus

the ____ lines the internal surface of the thoracic wall

parietal pleura

Scientists who examine how organs and body systems function under normal circum. as well as how their functions may change with disease are called

physiologists

examines how the muscles ofthe smal intestine propel food through the digestive tract

physiology

when a stimulus is reinforced to continue in the same direction until a climactic event occurs it is described as

positive

In regards to the axial region, the ____ aspect contains cavities that are completely encased in bone

posterior

what are forms of matter

solid, liquid, gas

embryology

studies developmental changes from conception to birth

The anatomical term for fingers or toes is

digital

Controls body movement and conducts impulses for internal communication

nervous system

identify the 4 most common elements in the human body

nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, hydrogen

the _______ lines the internal walls of the abdominopelvic cavity

parietal peritoneum

Histology is

study of tissues

the anatomical term for ankle or root of the foot is

tarsal

the atomic mass number of carbon is

12.01 (number on bottom)

whic of the following body parts can serve as effectors

insulin-secreting cells of pancreas Smooth muscles of bronchioles

provids protection reglates body temperature prevents water loss

integumentary

the serous membrane forming the outermost layer of the sac that surrounds the heart is the

parietal pericardium

surface anatomy

studies surface markings of body. Anatomical landmarks of the exterior body & assists in locating the position of other internal structures

systemic anatomy

studies the anatomy of each functional body system

the anatomical term for naval is

umbilical

carbon-13 has_____ protons, ________ neutrons, __________ electrons

6 protons 7 neutrons 6 electrons

physiologists study

How it functions; how it works/ is used

which are examples of neg. feedback

Regulating heart rate2. Withdrawal reflex from stepping on glass.3. Regulating blood pressure.a

which of the following is characteristics of all living things

Regulation of internal functions2. Responsiveness to stimuli3. Reproduction

gross anatomy (macroscopic anatomy)

Study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye

T/F physiology focuses on the molecular or cellular level to gain an understanding of how organ systems work

True

anatomists study

What the structure looks like and is made of

studies the small intestine including its relationship to the rest of the body

anatomy

The correct anatomic directional term for "in front of" is

anterior

means in front of when using anatomical terms

anterior

what is the smallest particle that exhibits the chemical properties of an element

atom

which are examples of positive feedback loops

blood clotting childbirth breast feeding

mammary is to as brchial is to arm

breast

effector

brings about a change in response to stimulus

cranial opposite

caudal

rank the following most simple to complex

cells, tissue, orhan, organ system, organism

the anatomical term for head is

cephalic

each element has an assigned ______ symbol. ex include N,P, Ca, Na

chemical

the chemical level of organization is

composed of atoms and molecules the simplest level of orgnization

the plane is a vertical plane that divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior parts

coronal frontal

the visceral pleura

covers the external surface of each lung

the anatomical term for hip is

coxal

the anatomical term for the portion of the lower limb between the knee and the ankle is

crural

regional anatomy

examines all of the structures in a particular region

regional anatomy

examines all of the structures in a particular region of the body

T/F because the end result of a positive feedback mechanism is to increase the activity, positive feedback mechanisms are much more common that negative feedback.

false

the anatomicl term for thigh is

femoral

the anatomical term for lateral aspect of the lower leg is region

fibular

surface anatomy

focus on the internal body structres that rlate to the skin covering them

Cardiovascular

functioning of the heart, blood vessels, and blood

the anatomical term for buttock is

gluteal

describes an investigation to the structure ad relationships of body parts that are visible to the unaided eye

gross anatomy

the anatomical term for the great toe is

hallux

Pericardium

heart

control center

intgrates input and initiates change

minor elements make up ______ of our body weight

less than 1%

the anatomical term for lower back is

lumbar

pleura

lungs

the mass of an atom is expressed as an atomic _____ unit or dalton

mass

The median space in the thoracic cavity is called the:

medaiastinum

produces body movement and heat

muscular system

Elements prefer to have an outer shell completely full of electrons. This tendency is called the ____ rule.

octet rule

the anatomical term for mouth is _____ cavity

oral

A plane that is parallel to the midsagittal plane, but is either to the left or right of the midsagittal plane is termed a ___ plane

parasagittal

is best described as investigating the reltionship between the functiong of an organ system and disease or injury of that organ system?

pathophysiology

the anatomical term for chest is

pectoral

Receptor

percieves stimulus

a serous membrane of the abdominal cavity is the

peritoneum

study the function of the body parts

physiologits

in terms of anatomical directional terms means the back or towards the bakck of the surface

posterior

distal opposite

proximal

Pathophysiology

relationship between the function of an organ system and disease or injury to the system

the production of sex cells that, under the right conditions have the ability to develop into a new living organism is

reproduction

when an organism senses and reacts to changes in their internal or external environment this is an example of

responsiveness

the blank method refers to a systematic and rigorous processs by which scientists develop and test a hypothesos

scientific

cephalic is to head as deltoid is to ________

shoulder

embrology

the dev. changes from conception to birth

comparative anatomy

the examinatio of the differences in the anatomy of diff. species

what is the accurate position of the anatomical position

the eyes look forward the head is level

Anatomy studies

the form and structure of the body

Neurophysiology

the functioning of nerves and nervous system organs

reproductive physiology

the functioning of reproductive hormones and the reproductive cycle

Cytology refers to

the study of cells and their internal structures

Cytology is

the study of cells and their structure and function

control centers are generally portions of the

thyroid gland brain spinal cord

which plane can pass in between the chest thorax and abdomen

transverse

the outermost energy electron shell is referred to as the _____shell

valence

the canal includes the spinal cord

vertebral

correct anatomical term for spinal column is _______

vertebralcolumn

serous membranes form two layers a_____ layer and a parietal layer

visceral

provides support and protection site of hemopolisis

skeletal system

respiratory physiology

the functioning of respiratory organs

electrons have

negative charge

systemic anatomy

studies the anatomy of each functional body system.