A&P Chapter 13: PNS

If you lick ice cream the taste information is transmitted to the brain on the trigeminal nerve (V), while the information about cold is transmitted on the facial nerve (VII). Select one: True False

True

In order for a receptor to be able to generate a signal, the stimulus must be the right type and in the receptor's field. Select one: True False

True

The dermatome that the belly button is found in is approximately T10. Select one: True False

True

Which of the following is the best explanation of how a stimulus's strength is transmitted to the central nervous system from sensory nerves? Select one: a. More than one type of receptor will respond to larger stimulus. b. Action potentials as well as graded potentials are sent to the central nervous system when stimulus strength increases. c. Action potential frequency is increased as stimulus strength increases. d. An action potential will increase in strength as stimulus strength increases.

Action potential frequency is increased as stimulus strength increases.

Mixed nerves; primarily motor; main general sensory nerves of the face.

Facial

Even if the neuron cell body is damage, it can heal and the axon regrow. Select one: True False

False

The neuro-receptor that keeps a muscle from getting stretched dangerously long is a muscle spindle. Select one: True False

False

Produces a rapid withdrawal of the body part from a painful stimulus; ipsilateral.

Flexor

Feeling a gentle caress on your arm would likely involve all of the following EXCEPT ________. Select one: a. Meissner's corpuscles b. tactile discs c. hair follicle receptors d. Lamellar corpuscles

Lamellar corpuscles

Purely sensory; transmit visual impulses from the retina to the thalamus.

Optic

After axonal injury, regeneration in peripheral nerves is guided by ________. Select one: a. dendrites b. Golgi organs c. Schwann cells d. Wallerian cells

Schwann cells

A bit of dust blows into and touches the cornea of the eye. Which of the following is likely to happen? Select one: a. Stimulation of the facial nerve (VII) will be perceived as pain. b. Stimulation of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (V) will cause blinking. c. Nothing, because there is no sensory information sent from the cornea. d. Stimulation of the optic nerve (II) will cause tears to flow from the lacrimal gland.

Stimulation of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (V) will cause blinking.

Prevents muscle overstretching and maintains muscle tone.

Stretch

Produces muscle relaxation and lengthening in response to tension; the contracting muscle relaxes as its antagonist is activated.

Tendon

An emergency medical technician is examining a trauma victim by shining a pen light into her patient's eye. She records the reactivity of the patient's pupils as they constrict when stimulated by the light. This test supports which of the following? Select one: a. The patient has function of the oculomotor nerve (III). b. The patient has lost function of the optic nerve (II). c. The patient has suffered brain damage. d. The patient has function of the trochlear nerve (IV).

The patient has function of the oculomotor nerve (III).

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the occurrence of a sensation? Select one: a. The stimulus energy must be converted into the energy of a graded potential called a transduction potential. b. The stimulus energy must occur within the receptor's receptive field. c. A generator potential in the associated sensory neuron must reach threshold. d. The stimulus energy must match the specificity of the receptor.

The stimulus energy must be converted into the energy of a graded potential called a transduction potential.

Mixed nerves; carry sensory impulses from the taste buds of anterior two-thirds of the tongue.

Trigeminal

The ventral and dorsal roots join to form a spinal nerve, then the spinal nerve splits into dorsal and ventral rami. Select one: True False

True

If the ventral root of a spinal nerve were cut, what would be the result in the tissue or region that nerve supplies? Select one: a. a complete loss of voluntary movement b. a complete loss of sensation c. loss of neither sensation nor movement but only of autonomic control d. a complete loss of sensation and movement

a complete loss of voluntary movemen

The cranial nerve that emerges from the pons and serves the motor and proprioceptive functions of the eyeball is the ________. Select one: a. abducens b. hypoglossal c. glossopharyngeal d. vagus

abducens

Which receptors respond to stimuli within the body? Select one: a. interoceptors b. photoreceptors c. exteroceptors d. proprioceptors

interoceptors

A nerve Select one: a. is a part of the central nervous system b. is surrounded by endoneurium c. houses neuron cell bodies d. can carry both motor and sensory signals

can carry both motor and sensory signals

The sciatic nerve is a combination of which two nerves? Select one: a. pudendal and common fibular b. common fibular and tibial c. pudendal and posterior femoral cutaneous d. posterior femoral cutaneous and tibial

common fibular and tibial

The neuron cell bodies of many first order unipolar sensory neurons can be found in the Select one: a. dorsal root ganglia b. dorsal horn c. brain stem d. thalamus

dorsal root ganglia

The neuron cell bodies of many first order unipolar sensory neurons can be found in the Select one: a. thalamus b. dorsal horn c. brain stem d. dorsal root ganglia

dorsal root ganglia

A major nerve of the lumbar plexus is the ________. Select one: a. sciatic b. iliohypogastric c. ilioinguinal d. femoral

femoral

The nerve that innervates rectus femoris is the __ nerve Select one: a. common fibular b. tibial c. femoral d. obturator

femoral

Which of these is a nonencapsulated receptor? Select one: a. tactile corpuscle b. hair follicle receptor c. lamellar corpuscle d. muscle spindle

hair follicle receptor

The trigeminal nerve (V) Select one: a. controls most face muscles b. has five branches c. has sensory cell bodies in the trigeminal ganglion d. is tested by having subject stick out their tongue

has sensory cell bodies in the trigeminal ganglion

Inborn or intrinsic reflexes are ________. Select one: a. always mediated by the brain b. involuntary, yet may be modified by learned behavior c. autonomic only d. rapid, predictable, and can be learned responses

involuntary, yet may be modified by learned behavior

Regeneration within the CNS ________. Select one: a. is prevented due to growth-inhibiting proteins of oligodendrocytes b. is promoted by growth inhibitors and glial scars c. typically allows axonal sprouting of 20 mm d. is more successful than with the PNS

is prevented due to growth-inhibiting proteins of oligodendrocytes

Mechanoreceptors Select one: a. are always nociceptors b. have ion channels opened with neurotransmitters c. may respond to stretch d. are only interoceptors

may respond to stretch

Which nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome? Select one: a. ulnar b. median c. axillary d. radial

medial

Which of these nerve innervates biceps brachii? Select one: a. radial b. musculocutaneous c. median d. axillary

musculocutaneous

If someone spills very hot coffee (200°F) on their skin, they will likely perceive much pain. Which of the following receptor types is causing this sensation? Select one: a. chemoreceptors b. thermoreceptors c. nociceptors d. mechanoreceptors

nociceptors

A fracture of the ethmoid bone could result in damage to which cranial nerve? Select one: a. olfactory b. glossopharyngeal c. accessory d. vagus

olfactory

Mixed cranial nerves containing both motor and sensory fibers include all EXCEPT which of the following? Select one: a. trigeminal b. olfactory c. facial d. oculomotor

olfactory

Which of the following nerves does NOT arise from the brachial plexus? Select one: a. radial b. median c. ulnar d. phrenic

phrenic

Flag question Question text We can touch our finger to our nose while our eyes are closed in part because we can sense the position and movement of our joints as well as the length of stretch in our muscles. These sensations create awareness of our body's positioning. The following receptors are most likely responsible for this ability. Select one: a. interoceptors b. nociceptors c. proprioceptors d. exteroceptors

proprioceptors

Which of the following is the correct simple spinal reflex arc? Select one: a. receptor, efferent neuron, integration center, afferent neuron, effector b. effector, efferent neuron, integration center, afferent neuron, receptor c. effector, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, receptor d. receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, effector

receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, effector

The largest nerve in the body is the __ nerve Select one: a. brachial b. femoral c. trigeminal d. sciatic

sciatic

In the dorsal column - medial leminiscal pathway Select one: a. the axons cross over in the spinal cord b. second order neurons originate in the medulla oblongata c. temperature information is transmitted d. first order neurons take information from thalamus to somatosensory cortex

second order neurons originate in the medulla oblongata

Transduction refers to conversion of ________. Select one: a. stimulus energy into energy of a graded potential b. receptor energy to stimulus energy c. afferent impulses to efferent impulses d. presynaptic nerve impulses to postsynaptic nerve impulses

stimulus energy into energy of a graded potential

A reflex that causes muscle relaxation and lengthening in response to muscle tension is called a ________. Select one: a. flexor reflex b. crossed-extensor reflex c. tendon reflex d. plantar reflex

tendon reflex

All processing at the circuit level going up to the perceptual level must synapse in the ________. Select one: a. reticular formation b. medulla c. pons d. thalamus

thalamus

A patient has lost the ability to taste food. Which nerve may have been damaged? Select one: a. the facial nerves b. the abducens nerves c. the optic nerves d. trigeminal nerves

the facial nerves

Injury to cervical vertebrae C3-C4 is particularly problematic because ________. Select one: a. part of the brain stem is located here b. the phrenic nerve that serves the diaphragm receives its fibers from here c. several ganglia are near this region that serve the heart d. the greater auricular nerve that serve the parotid gland receive there fibers from here

the phrenic nerve that serves the diaphragm receives its fibers from here

A patient has an injury of the spine and is now suffering from a loss of motor function in his right arm. However, he still has normal sensory function in the arm. Based on this information it is likely that the patient has nervous tissue damage located at ________. Select one: a. spinal nerves of the cervical vertebra b. the ventral root located at one or more of the cervical vertebra c. the dorsal rootlets located at one of the thoracic vertebra d. the dorsal root located at one or more of the cervical vertebra

the ventral root located at one or more of the cervical vertebra

A doctor asks her patient to follow the motion of her finger as she moves it up and down, left and right. Which of the following cranial nerves is NOT being tested? Select one: a. the abducens (VI) b. the oculomotor nerve (III) c. the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) d. the trochlear nerve (IV)

the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

Receptors that respond to changes in room temperature are found in the skin. Which of the following pairs of classifications below best fit the receptor type that is being described above? Select one: a. mechanoreceptors that are also interoceptors b. thermoreceptors that are also interoceptors c. thermoreceptors that are also exteroceptors d. mechanoreceptors that are also exteroceptors

thermoreceptors that are also exteroceptors

Dermatome maps are useful to clinicians because ________. Select one: a. they can help pinpoint the location of spinal injury b. they show doctors how to avoid striking spinal nerves during surgery c. they outline the location of the numerous nerve plexus d. they show the routes of motor nerves

they can help pinpoint the location of spinal injury

Which region is not served by a plexus of ventral rami? Select one: a. lumbar b. brachial c. thoracic d. cervical

thoracic

The posterior side of the thigh, leg, and foot is served by the ________ nerve. Select one: a. common fibular b. obturator c. femoral d. tibial

tibial

In the brachial plexus, the correct order of structures starting from the vertebral foramina is Select one: a. cords, trunks, divisions, nerves b. trunks, cords, divisions, nerves c. divisions, trunks, cords, nerves d. trunks, divisions, cords, nerves

trunks, divisions, cords, nerves

Striking the "funny bone" is actually stimulation of (or injury to) the ________. Select one: a. ulnar nerve b. sciatic nerve c. radial nerve d. median nerve

ulnar nerve

Problems in balance may follow trauma to which nerve? Select one: a. accessory b. vestibulocochlear c. trigeminal d. abducens

vestibulocochlear