A&P Chapter 17 Blood
Why is blood classified as a connective tissue?
(1) embryologically, it has the same origin (mesodermal) as do the other connective tissue types and (2) blood connects the body systems together bringing the needed oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other signaling molecules, and removing the wastes.
What are the transport functions of Blood?
1) Delivery of Oxygen and nutrients, 2) Transport of metabolic wastes for elimination, 3) Transport of hormones
What are the regulatory functions of blood
1) Maintain body temperature, 2) Maintain pH, 3) Maintain fluid balance
What are the protective functions of blood?
1) Preventing blood loss, 2) Preventing Infection
What is plasma made of?
90% Water, 8% proteins, nitrogenous wastes, nutrients, electrolytes, respiratory gases
What are the different proteins in plasma?
Albumin, Globulins, Fibrinogen, and Prothrombin
What is hemorrhagic anemia?
Anemia caused from blood loss
What does each heme contain?
Each heme contains an atom of iron that serves as the binding site for a molecule of oxygen.
What are the formed elements made of?
Ertythrocytes, Leukocytes, and platelets
What is the function of erythrocytes?
Erythrocytes function to transport respiratory gases in the blood on hemoglobin
What are the steps in Erythropoiesis?
Hematopoietic stem cell (hemocytoblast) - Proerythroblast - basophilic erythroblast - polychromatic erythroblast- orthochromatic erythroblasts - reticulocyte - erythrocyte It starts with the stem cell and then goes to the committed cell then it hits the developmental pathway which consists of Ribosome synthesis, hemoglobin accumulation, and ejection of nucleus.
What are the disorders where too many red blood cells are destroyed
Hemoglobin abnormalities, transfusion mismatch, bacterial or parasitic infection.
What is the chemical composition of hemoglobin?
Hemoglobin is a protein that consists of four polypeptide vchains, globin proteins, each with a ring-like heme.
What are the different types of anemias?
Hemorrhagic anemia, Iron-deficiency anemia, pernicious anemia, renal anemia, aplastic anemia
What is pernicious anemia?
Lack of B12
What is renal anemia?
Low EPO
What is blood made of?
Plasma and Formed Elements
What is polycythemia?
Polycythemia is an excess of RBC's due to oxygen deficiency or disease, which may increase blood viscocity, causing poor blood flow and oxygen delivery.
What are hemoglobin abnormalities?
Thalassemias, and sickle cell anemia
What are the different erythrocyte disorders?
There are many different types of anemia's and then there is polycythemia
What is the structure of erythrocytes?
They are non nucleated and have a biconcave shape and are composed of mostly hemoglobin
What does blood do?
Transport, Regulation, and Protection
What is aplastic anemia
destruction of red bone marrow
What is the composition of spinned whole blood?
erythrocytes, buffy coat, and plasma
