A&P Chapter 3 Study Questions
Cristae
Cellular respiration takes place on the ________, the folds of the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
Flagella
Cilia and _______ are composed of fibrils that protrude from the cell and beat or vibrate.
Chromatin
DNA and protein material in a loose and diffuse state is called:
chromosomes
During cell division, chromatin condenses into thick rod-like structures called _________, which become visible with a light microscope.
Protoplasm
An aqueous solution of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and inorganic salts surrounded by a cell membrane is called:
Plasmalemma
Another name for the cell, or plasma, membrane is:
Nucleoplasm
The fluid medium of the nucleus is called the
Water
The main component of cytoplasm is
Fluid Mosaic
The molecules of proteins and phospholipids in the cell membrane are referred to in their arrangement as a ________ _________ pattern
Lysosomes
These are known as suicide bags:
70 - 90%
Water is essential for all cellular life, as water makes up ______ of cytoplasm.
Chromosomes
What store the hereditary material DNA that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next?
Micron (Micromemter
What unit of measurement is used to measure the size of cells and their components?
M
Which letter indicates the "powerhouse" of the cell?
D
Which letter indicates the "suicide agent" of the cell?
Cellulose
is a complex carbohydrate, or fiber, synthesized by Golgi bodies in plant cells.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
is the genetic material located within the nucleus of the cell that determines all of the cell's functions and characteristics.
Apoptosis
is the natural process by which cells in the body die.
Translation
is the process of reading the genetic code and bringing the appropriate amino acids in sequence along the messenger RNA to assemble proteins.
Photosynthesis
is the process of the messenger RNA molecule copying the genetic code from the DNA molecule in the nucleus.
Transcription
is the process of the messenger RNA molecule copying the genetic code from the DNA molecule in the nucleus.
Protoplasm
liquid part of a cell
Mitochondrion
powerhouse of the cell where ATP is made
Nucleoplasm
protoplasm inside the nucleus of a cell
Cytoplasm
protoplasm outside the nucleus of a cell
Ribosomes
serve as a sites for protein synthesis
Ribosomes
Rough endoplasmic reticulum differs from smooth due to the presence of:
Cell
The ________ is the basic unit of biological organization of the human body.
Cytoplasm
The background for all chemical reactions that take place in a cell is:
Nucleoplasm
The clear liquid fluid that fills the spaces around the chromatin and the nucleoli is:
Cristae
The convolutions of the inner membrane of the mitochondria are called
Chromatin
genetic material of the cell
Cilia
hair-like protrusions on cell that beat and vibrate
CIlia
Hair-like projections of the cell that beat and vibrate are called:
Colloid
In a ________, clumps of atoms are distributed throughout the medium.
Solution
In a ________, individual atoms or ions of a substance are distributed throughout the medium.
Ribosomes
In a cell, what are composed of ribonucleic acid and protein?
Membrane
Materials enter and exit the cell through the
Mitochondria
Most of the cell's energy comes from rod-shaped organelles called:
Nucleus
Which structure controls the activities of the cell and facilitates cell division?
Cell Membrane
Which structure regulates the passage or transport of certain molecules into and out of the cell?
Lysosomes
_______ are small bodies in the cytoplasm containing powerful digestive enzymes that enhance the breakdown of cellular components.
Centrioles
aid in cell division by separating chromsomes
Chloroplast
are the most common and most numerous organelles found in plant cells and cause plants to look green.
Lysosomes
contains enzymes for protein digestion
Nucleus
control center of the cell
Proteins
embedded in the cell membrane allow for passage of molecules and ions across the membrane.
