A&P Chapter 9 Exam

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Hypo secretion of the adrenal cortex hormones results in skin bronzing, feeling of burn-out, and suppression of the immune system; this condition is known as

Addison's disease

Releasing and inhibiting hormones produced by the hypothalamus influence the activities of the

Anterior pituitary gland

Which one of the following is NOT an anterior pituitary hormone

Antidiuretic hormone

Alcohol inhibits the secretion of

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Diabetes insipidus is caused by hypo secretion of

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Which hormone, released by the heart, prevents aldosterone release in order to lower blood pressure

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

The thyroid gland is located

Below the Adam's apple

Insulin is produced by cells of the pancreatic islets called

Beta cells

Which of these hormones regulate calcium levels in the body

Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

Being lipid soluble, steroids can do all the following EXCEPT

Catalyze cyclic AMP

Which one of the following is NOT typical of the changed that follow the binding of a hormone to its target cells

Cellular mutations occur

The pancreas is located

Close to the stomach

Hypo secretion of thyroxine in childhood leads to a disease known as

Cretinism

Which one of the following is NOT an action of the catecholamines

Decreased blood pressure

Cholecystokinin (CKK) and secretin are two hormones produced by the

Duodenum of small intestine

Which hormone is produced by the placenta that stimulates the ovaries to continue producing estrogen and progesterone

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Which of the following hormones decreases blood glucose levels

Insulin

The cells in the testes that produce testosterone are called

Interstitial cells

The element necessary in the diet for proper thyroid function is

Iodine

Prostaglandins are

Lipid hormoned manufactured in cell plasma membranes

Which of the following is NOT an effect of testosterone

Maintenance of pregnancy

The hormone that appears to help regulate our sleep-awake cycles is

Melatonin

The pineal gland produces

Melatonin

Which of the following is NOT a sign of diabetes mellitus

Moon face

Which of the following hormones is NOT classified as a steroid hormone

Oxytocin

Tetany resulting from uncontrolled muscle spasms may indicate a malfunction of the

Parathyroid glands

Sex hormones produced by the ovaries and testes

Promote the formation of sex cells

Growth hormone

Promotes growth in long bones and skeletal muscles

Rising blood levels of aldosterone cause the kidney tubules to

Reabsorb sodium

Glucocorticoids do all the following EXCEPT

Regulate salt content of the blood

Most hormones are:

Released upon stimulation by other hormones

The enzyme produced by the kidneys when blood pressure drops, stimulating a release of aldosterone, is called

Renin

Estrogens do all of the following EXCEPT

Stimulate growth of facial hair

Tropic hormones:

Stimulate other endocrine glands to secrete hormones

Which one of the following is NOT a function of oxytocin

Stimulation of menstruation

The hormones responsible for the maturation of white blood cells known as T lymphocytes is

Thymosin

The body's major metabolic hormone is called

Thyroid hormone

Which of these hormones prods the thyroid gland to release thyroxine

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Adrenaline is also known as epinephrine

True

Antidiuretic hormone inhibits urine production and promotes water reabsorption by the kidney

True

Both male and female sex hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex throughout life in relatively small amounts

True

Calcitonin is a hormone antagonistic to parathormone in the regulation of blood calcium concentration

True

Glucocorticoids, glucagon, and epinephrine are hyperglycemic hormones

True

Hormones that are secreted in response to other hormones are prodded by hormonal stimuli

True

Hyper secretion of the sex hormones may lead to masculinization in both men and women

True

Hypo secretion of FSH or LH leads to sterility in both males and females

True

Melatonin production peaks during the night to help regulate body's day-night cycle

True

Mineralocorticoids help regulate both water and electrolyte balance in body fluids

True

Most hormones are regulates by negative feedback mechanisms

True

Parathyroid hormone is the most important regulator of blood calcium concentration

True

The adrenal glands are similar to the pituitary gland in that they have both glandular and neural tissue

True

The adrenal medulla and posterior pituitary are both composed of nervous tissue

True

The glucocorticoids help the body handle long-term stress primarily by increasing blood glucose levels

True

The hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland are actually made by the hypothalamus

True

The ovaries release estrogen and progesterone in response to gonadotropic hormone from the pituitary gland

True

The placenta is a temporary organ formed in the uterus of pregnant women

True

The target issue of prolactin is the female breast

True

Thyroid hormone is actually two iodine-containing hormones called T3 and T4

True

Thyroid hormone targets all cells of the body

True

Thyroxine is converted to triiodothyronine at target tissues to promote metabolism

True

Vasopressin is another name for antidiuretic hormone

True

Most endocrine organs are prodded into action by other hormones; this type of stimulus is called:

Hormonal stimulus

Which system produces chemical messengers known as hormones

Endocrine system

The "fight-or-fight" response triggers the release of

Epinephrine

Which of these hormones is released by the adrenal medulla

Epinephrine

Aldosterone raises blood glucose levels through the breakdown of fats and proteins

False

All hormones can arouse and bring about changed in all cells of the human body

False

Calcitonin is produced by the follicular cells of the thyroid gland

False

Diabetes insipidus is caused by hypo secretion of insulin

False

Hyper secretion of growth hormone during childhood leads to pituitary dwarfism

False

Neurosecretory cells transport oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone to another pituitary gland for storage

False

The adrenal cortex is made up of neural tissue

False

The study of hormones and endocrine organs is known as immunology

False

The thymus gland is located in the neck wrapped around the trachea

False

The hormone that stimulates follicle development by female ovaries and sperm development by male testes is

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Hyper secretion of growth hormone after long bone growth has ended (as an adult) is called

Gigantism

An enlargement of the thyroid gland resulting from a deficiency of dietary iodine is called

Goiter


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