A&P CHP 6 READING

There are four layers of cells in the epidermis of thin skin. From superficial to deep, these layers are stratum ______, stratum ______, stratum ______, and stratum basale. spinosum; corneum; granulosum corneum; granulosum; spinosum corneum; spinosum; granulosum spinosum; granulosum; corneum

corneum; granulosum; spinosum

The exposed parts of nails and hair are composed of _______ keratinocytes. arrestor pili dead sebaceous regenerated

dead

As skin ages, collagen fibers in the dermis ______ in number and organization, and elastic fibers ______ their elasticity. increase; lose increase; gain decrease; lose decrease; gain

decrease; lose

Motile cells in the dermis are called ______ cells. keratin melanin dendritic

dendritic

The nails, hair, and exocrine glands of the skin are known as ______. sensory nerve endings innervated structures temperature regulators epidermal appendages

epidermal appendages

The epidermis of thin skin ranges in thickness from ______ millimeters to ______ millimeters thick 6; 10 2; 4 0.5; 1.0 0.075; 0.150

0.075; 0.150

The epidermis of thick skin ranges between ______ millimeters thick. 5.0 and 6.0 1.0 and 2.0 2.0 and 3.0 0.4 and 0.6

0.4 and 0.6

______ is a yellow-orange pigment acquired from vegetables like carrots, corn, and squash. Melanin Keratin Carotene Hemoglobin

Carotene

______ glands are also called sweat glands. Sebaceous Melanin Sudoriferous

Sudoriferous

Hemangiomas are ______ tumors. benign maligna

benign

A hemangioma is a congenital anomaly that results in skin discoloration due to ______ that proliferate and form a benign tumor. blood vessels epidermal cells connective tissue cartilage cells

blood vessels

First-degree burns involve only the ______ and are characterized by ______, pain, and slight edema (swelling). epidermis; redness dermis; bruising hypodermis; bleeding

epidermis; redness

Sebaceous glands and sweat glands are types of ______ glands of skin endocrine exocrine

exocrine

True or false: Melanin plays a role in Vitamin A production and normal vision as well as improved immunity. True false

false

A mild sunburn with no blistering is an example of a ______-degree burn. third first second

first

Normal skin color results from a combination of colors of ______, melanin, and carotene. eleidin keratin hemoglobin

hemoglobin

When ______ binds oxygen, it exhibits a bright red color, giving blood vessels in the dermis a reddish tint that is most easily observed in the skin of lightly pigmented individuals. . hemoglobin carotene melanin keratin

hemoglobin

The subcutaneous layer is also known as the ______ or superficial fascia. epidermis papillary layer reticular layer hypodermis

hypodermis

The subcutaneous layer is also known as the ______ or superficial fascia. hypodermis papillary layer reticular layer epidermis

hypodermis

In thick skin, there is an extra layer of epidermal cells. This layer is called the stratum ______. corneum basale spinosum lucidum granulosum

lucidum

The two layers of the dermis are the ______ layers. epidermal and hypodermal papillary and reticular corneum and basale lucidum and granulosum

papillary and reticular

Two major functions of hair are ______. density and texture goose bumps and limpness protection and heat retention endocrine and merocrine

protection and heat retention

The main functions of the subcutaneous layer are which of the following? Multiple select question. protects the body provides thermal insulation acts as an energy reservoir to provide the skin with melanin to protect it from sunlight

protects the body provides thermal insulation acts as an energy reservoir

The connective tissue fibers of the ______ layer of the dermis are extensively interwoven with those of the ______ layer to stabilize the position of the skin and bind it to the underlying tissues. papillary; epidermal papillary; subcutaneous reticular; subcutaneous reticular; epidermal

reticular; subcutaneous

Fibrous tissue is also known as ______ tissue. regenerated scar

scar

When compressed, tactile cells release chemicals that stimulate ______ endings in the dermis. motor nerve association nerve sensory nerve

sensory nerve

Classify the tissue type of the epidermis: keratinized ______ epithelium. stratified cuboidal stratified squamous simple squamous simple cuboidal

stratified squamous

The ______ layer is not part of the integumentary system. subcutaneous epidermis dermis

subcutaneous

The skin houses two types of general exocrine glands, which are ______ glands and ______ glands. apocrine; merocrine merocrine; sweat ceruminous; mammary sweat; sebaceous

sweat; sebaceous

Scattered among the cells of the stratum basale are cells that are sensitive to touch. These sensory cells are called ______. keratinocytes melanocytes tactile cells epidermal dendritic cells

tactile cell

There are three main variations in the epidermis. These variations are ___________, colorations, and skin markings.

thickness

______ skin contains the following accessories: nails, hair follicles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands. Multiple choice question. Thick Thin

thin

Regeneration in the skin replaces damaged or dead cells with the same cell type and restores organ function. True False

true

True or false: The amount of melanin in the skin is determined by both heredity and light exposure. True False

true

The main functions of the subcutaneous layer are which of the following? protects the body acts as an energy reservoir provides thermal insulation to provide the skin with melanin to protect it from sunlight

acts as an energy reservoir provides thermal insulation provides thermal insulation

The integument is the body's largest organ and is composed of ______ basic tissue types. all 3 2

all

Nails are derived from the same type of cells that produce the stratum ______ layer of the epidermis. basale sebaceous integumentary corneum

corneum

The epidermal ridges interdigitate with the ______. stratum corneum stratum spinosum stratum granulosum dermal papillae

dermal papillae

In what two ways are damaged skin tissues normally repaired? Multiple select question. regeneration fibromyalgia necrosis fibrosis

regeneration fibrosis

The net effect of vasoconstriction of the dermal blood vessels is a shunting of blood ______ from the periphery of the body to ______ heat. away; conserve away; release towards; release towards; conserve

away; conserve

The first three strata of the epidermis consists of ______ keratinocytes and the most superficial strata contain ______ keratinocytes. dead; living living; dead

living; dead

In first-degree burns, the healing time averages about ______ days, and typically no scarring results. 3-5 4-6 7-10 12-14

3-5

Each nail plate consists of a pinkish nail ______ and a distal whitish free ______. body; edge lunula; body body; bed bed; body

body; edge

The dermis is ______ to the epidermis and contains primarily ______. deep; dense regular connective tissue deep; collagen fibers superficial; dense regular connective tissue superficial; adipose tissue superficial; collagen fibers deep; adipose tissue

deep; collagen fibers

True or false: The amount of melanin in the skin is determined by both heredity and light exposure. True False

True