A&P I Chp. 16 - Types of Receptors, Stimulus, and Localization of Pain

itch, tickle

----- & ----- sensations are detected by free nerve endings

Slow

----- pain begins a second or more after a stimulus is applied, it gradually increases in intensity over a period of several seconds or minutes

merkel, meissner corpuscle

------ and -------- -------- are tactile receptors involved in fine touch and are type I cutaneous mechanoreceptors

visceral

------- pain results from stimulation of nociceptors in organs

location, stimulus

2 way to classify sensory receptors is based on the ----- of the receptors and the type of ----- they detect

fast, slow, somatic, visceral

4 types of pain

mechanoreceptor

A sensory receptor sensitive to stretching of blood vessels and internal organs is called a ---------- .

proprioceptor

A(n) ------ would help prevent overstretching a muscle.

rapidly, myelinated, A

Fast pain occurs very ------ because nerve impulses propagate along --------- type ---- fibers

slow

If a receptor continues to trigger impulses as long as the stimulus is applied, then it is called a ------ adapting receptor.

unmyelinated, C

Impulses for slow pain conduct along ------ type ---- fibers

interoceptors

Impulses from these receptors may not be consciously perceived but strong stimuli may be felt as pain or pressure

somatic

Pain that arises from stimulation of receptors in the skin is called ----- pain

fast

The pain felt from a needle puncture or knife cut to the skin is an example of ----- pain

spinal nerve, dermatome

The visceral organ involved and the area to which the pain is referred are served by the same ------ ----- & -------

hair root plexuses

a tactile receptor that's a nerve that's wrapped around hair follicles, they detect movements on the skin surface that disturb hairs (you know someone is behind you when you feel them breathing on your neck)

pacinian corpuscles

a tactile receptor that's for sustained pressure

ruffini corpuscles

a tactile receptor that's involved in crude touch, they are most sensitive to stretching that occurs as you move your fingers or limb

tactile receptors

a type of mechanoreceptor for touch

1

hair root plexuses are for fine touch so they are type ---- cutaneous mechanoreceptors

referred pain

instance of visceral pain where the pain is felt in or just deep to the skin that overlies the stimulated organ or in a surface area far from the stimulated organ

homeostasis

nociceptors contributes to ------

no

nociceptors exhibit ------ adaptation

free nerve endings

nociceptors, the receptors for pain, are ----- ------ ------- found in every tissue of the body except the brain, they are bare dendrites that lacks any structural specialization

mechanoreceptors

proprioceptors are a kind of -------------

tendon organs

proprioceptors found in tendons that detects pulling of tendons

muscle spindles

proprioceptors found in the muscles that detects muscle length

joint kinesthetic receptors

proprioceptors that detects joint movement

exteroceptors, interoceptors, proprioceptors

receptors based on location

exteroceptors

receptors located at or near the external surface of the body; they are sensitive to stimuli originating outside the body and provide information about the external environment

proprioceptors

receptors located in muscles, tendons, joints, and the inner ear. They provide information about body position, muscle length and tension, and the position and movement of your joints

interoceptors (visceroreceptors)

receptors that are located in blood vessels, visceral organs, muscles, and the nervous system and monitor conditions in the internal environment.

mechanoreceptors

receptors that are sensitive to mechanical stimuli such as the deformation, stretching, or bending of receptors or cells

chemoreceptors

receptors that detect chemicals in the mouth (taste), nose (smell), and body fluids.

photoreceptors

receptors that detect light that strikes the retina of the eye

osmoreceptors

receptors that detect the osmotic pressure of body fluids.

interopceptors

receptors that detects a full bladder, full rectum, hunger, blood sugar, O2 & CO2, osmolarity, blood pressure

thermoreceptors

receptors that detects changes in temperature

nociceptors

receptors that respond to painful stimuli resulting from physical or chemical damage to tissue.

right lower abdomen

referred pain ex: someone who has appendicitis would have pain on ------ ------ --------

heart, left arm, neck

referred pain ex: the pain of a heart attack radiates along the skin over the ------, along the ------ -----, and the skin inferior to the -----

2

ruffini corpuscles are type ---- cutaneous mechanoreceptors

cutaneous

sensations of touch generally result from stimulation of tactile receptors in the skin or ------ layer

hearing, vision, smell, taste, touch, pressure, vibration, temperature, and pain

senses that are conveyed by exteroreceptors

equilibrium, body position

the inner ear has receptors that detects ------ and ------- -----

slow

the pain felt from a a toothache is an example of ---- pain

slow

type of pain that's excruciating, chronic, burning, aching, or throbbing pain