Ab Psych Exam 3

acquired and situational

Although Arlene had experienced normal sexual functioning for years, she began experiencing problems with arousal when she was with her long-term partner. This type of dysfunction would be called

cognitive-behavioral

A few sexual disorders are thought to be caused by classical conditioning and modeling, which is explained by the _____ approach

frotteuristic disorder

Phillip has repeated and intense sexual urges to rub his genitals against women in crowded subways. He probably has:

acquired and generalized

Linda had normal sexual functioning for many years. However, over time she began to have trouble becoming aroused, no matter what the situation. This type of dysfunction would be called:

paraphilias

People with _____ have repeated and intense sexual urges or fantasies in response to objects or situations that society deems inappropriate, and they may behave inappropriately as well in response to those urges

slightly overweight or normal weight

The starting body weight of a person who develops anorexia nervosa is typically

illness anxiety disorder

Thomas always checks his blood pressure multiple times a day. Whenever he sees any change in numbers, he believes it is a sign of a developing heart attack. This is an example of

psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, and multicultural models

Today's leading explanations for conversion and somatic symptom disorders come from the

both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa

Persons with _____ have a low opinion of their body shape and are likely to overestimate their actual proportions

fetishistic

Tony has sexually arousing fantasies about shoes and feet. He has a ___ disorder

pain

Vaginismus and dyspareunia are considered disorders of sexual:

an overdose

What is the most immediate danger of heroin use?

This study supports the idea that a preoccupation with food is a result of starvation

What is the significance of the 1940s study by Keys et al. in which healthy individuals placed on a semistarvation diet developed a preoccupation with food?

meth- it is a stimulant not a depressant

What type of drug is most likely to induce a manic state

the 12 step model

What type of treatment can be used with any form of substance use disorder

alcohol

What use disorder has aversion therapy primarily been used to treat?

the start-stop procedure

When Keanu seeks treatment for premature ejaculation, his therapist is MOST likely to recommend:

taking a nap

Which activity will have the greatest effect on making an intoxicated person sober?

estrogen

Which hormone can cause decreased sexual desire when present in either low or high levels?

testosterone

Which hormone can cause decreased sexual desire when present in low but not high levels?

oxytocin

Which hormone has NOT been linked to hypoactive sexual desire?

They generally have great confidence in their sense of masculinity

Which is NOT an accurate statement about men who have exhibitionism

cynthia who dances for a living and was diagnosed with depression last year

Which person is most at risk for developing an eating disorder: 1. Mary whose family believes you must be skinny to marry well 2. billy who has regulatory issues related to his hypothalamus 3. cynthia who dances for a living and was diagnosed with depression last year 4. sasha who feels like her life is out of control

cognitive behavioral therapy; it helps address maladaptive attitudes towards eating and one's weight

_______ is the first line of treatment for eating disorders because _______

Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)

the ____ was developed by Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe in 1967.

vascular

the biological cause of male erectile disorder is MOST frequently ___ problems

opiod

which of these is a depressant

culturally sensitive treatment

A therapist is treating a client for cocaine abuse. As part of the treatment, the therapist addresses the stresses that commonly lead to relapse. This therapist is MOST likely providing:

exposure and response prevention

A therapist is treating a young woman with bulimia nervosa. Which treatment approach would the therapist use to break the binge-purge cycle seen with this condition

she has grown fine silky hair on her body

A woman with anorexia has lanugo. What has happened

the person did not have an orgasm

In a person who has an unusually long resolution phase of the sexual response cycle, which of these is MOST likely?

diathesis-stress model

In general, we have very little research understanding disorders with somatic features. However, we have established a theoretical model in understanding how our physical health interacts with our mental health. This model is known as ______ and states that an individual's predisposition towards an illness can be triggered by environmental factors

tension

In people with bulimia nervosa, binges are usually preceded by feelings of

acquired

In the past, Shonda always experienced normal to above-normal levels of sexual desire. However, recently she feels that her sexual desire is much lower than normal. This would be considered a _____ sexual dysfunction

male hypoactive sexual desire disorder

Ivan is very healthy, but he is distressed by his lack of interest in sexual activity and lack of sexual experiences over the past several years. He MOST likely is experiencing:

Munchausen syndrome

Karen intentionally induces her own symptoms by mistaking medications so that she can be admitted to hospitals and receive treatment. This behavior BEST reflects

there are double standards for women's attractiveness (societal factors, not psychological)

Which of the following is NOT a psychological cause for eating disorders?

anorexia nervosa

Which of the following is NOT a type of somatic disorder: conversion disorder, factitious disorder, anorexia nervosa, illness anxiety disorder

Conversion disorder involves a neurological related symptom with no known neurological cause

Which of the following statements is true regarding the difference between conversion disorder and somatic symptom disorder

heroin

Which of these was used as a cough medicine before its addictive properties became known?

ventromedial hypothalamus

the ____ regulates eating by reducing hunger when it is activated.

is malingering

Someone who intentionally feigns an illness to receive external gain is described as someone who

relapse prevention

___ ___ training helps clients identify and plan ahead for high risk situations

acceptance

___ therapies use mindfulness techniques

methadone

____ is a drug that has been used as a substitute for heroin in the treatment of addiction

Disulfiram

____ is often given to people who are trying to stop consuming alcohol

Very likely; more than 80 percent of all campus arrests are associated with drinking

A classmate is arrested on your college campus. How likely is it that the person had been drinking alcohol?

antianxiety drugs

A clinician is caring for a patient going through detoxification in a hospital. What can the clinician administer to help reduce severe alcohol withdrawal reactions, such as delirium tremens and seizures?

relapse-prevention training

A cognitive-behavioral therapist would be MOST likely to use _____ to treat pedophilia

secondary

A person whose symptoms fulfill some external need, such as avoiding something unpleasant, is achieving ___ gain

dyspareunia

A person with _____ experiences severe pain in the genitals during sexual activity.

vaginismus

A woman experiencing ___ has vaginal muscle spasms that prevent comfortable entry of a penis

do not experience orgasm

According to Masters and Johnson, the resolution phase of the sexual response cycle is more gradual in women when they:

enmeshed

According to Salvador Minuchin, a(n) ___ family pattern is one in which members are overly concerned with one another's affairs.

is emotionally needy

An individual with Munchausen syndrome by proxy usually

uncommon, starting within 3 days after an individual stops drinking

Andy, who is dependent on alcohol, is experiencing delirium tremens. This reaction is:

correcting her disordered eating pattern

Cassandra is entering a treatment facility for bulimia nervosa. What will be the first priority in treating her

resolution

Each of these phases of the human sexual response cycle are affected by sexual dysfunction EXCEPT:

situational

Engle is not able to reach orgasm with a partner, either through sexual intercourse or through the partner's manual stimulation. However, Engle easily orgasms when masturbating. Engle MOST likely would be diagnosed with a(n) _____ orgasmic disorder

pleasing others

Females with bulimia tend to be more concerned about _____ than females with anorexia

conversion disorder

Gus was involved in a serious car accident that killed his parents and his sibling. The next morning, Gus awoke and found that he could not see. This is an example of a(n)

a factitious disorder

Having a background in medicine, but also a grudge against the profession, puts a person at risk for

DTs are associated with serious health consequences that could result in death

How do delirium tremens (DTs) differ from other withdrawal reactions?

Which statement BEST describes eating disorders in men?

Male eating disorders are often linked to the requirements and pressures of a job or a sport

mood disorders

Many people with bulimia nervosa also suffer from

intoxication

Melanie has been out with friends and using drugs. Despite being obviously uncoordinated and under the influence, she wants to drive her car. Her condition is an example of:

may have a genuine medical problem

One of the dangers of a diagnosis of conversion disorder is that the patient

dyspareunia

Pain in the genitals during intercourse is called ___

a synergistic effect

Quinten has been taking two different medications. Both meds have similar actions in the body. What could this cause?

substance use disorder

The long-term pattern of maladaptive behavior caused by the regular use of some chemical or drug is called:

heterosexual

The typical person with transvestism is almost always

substance use disorder

Which term is applied to an individual who demonstrates a pattern of maladaptive behaviors and reactions brought about by repeated use of a substance?

When is bulimia nervosa or anorexia nervosa most likely to begin?

after a period of intense dieting that has been successful and has earned praise from others

building awareness of one's needs and feelings

psychotherapy would treat gender dysphoria by

the body is trying to conserve energy

A common cardiovascular effect of anorexia is a slow heart rate (bradycardia). Which explanation BEST describes why this is true

contingency management

A community-based drug treatment program gives participants cash prizes for every drug-free urine sample they provide. The value of the prizes increases with the number of consecutive drug-free screenings. This is an example of:

cognitive techniques

A key component of treating bulimia nervosa is helping the affected person recognize and change his or her maladaptive attitudes toward food, eating, weight, and shape. Which treatment approach is the BEST option to achieve this?

depressant

A newly developed drug causes users to lose some muscle control and slur their words. The drug also results in a slowing of central nervous system activity. MOST likely this drug is a:

Korsakoff's syndrome

A patient in an alcohol rehabilitation center tells you a detailed story about growing up in the mountains of Tennessee. Later, you find out that the person had never even visited Tennessee. A day later you visit the patient again, and the patient does not recognize you. This patient is MOST likely suffering from:

affectual awareness

A patient is seeing a therapist to treat low sexual desire. During the session, the therapist instructs the patient to imagine different sexual scenarios to discover any sex-related anxiety or vulnerability. What technique is this therapist using

0.09 percent

A person becomes intoxicated when their alcohol blood concentration reaches what percent?

factitious disorder

A person who intentionally produces or fakes physical symptoms simply out of a wish to be a patient might be diagnosed with a

the motivation the patient has for assuming the sick role

A professional health-care provider has evidence that a patient has intentionally faked her illness. To determine whether the patient is malingering or experiencing a factitious disorder, what must be examined?

cirrhosis

A serious, irreversible condition affecting the liver that is associated with long-term excessive drinking is:

primary gain and secondary gain

According to psychodynamic theorists, the two primary mechanisms at work in hysterical somatoform disorders are:

pedophilia

According to the DSM-5 criteria, a person may be diagnosed with _____ whether or not the person suffers impairment in functioning or distress

GABA

Alcohol binds to receptors on neurons that normally receive:

one-fourth

Alcohol is a factor in approximately _____ of all college dropouts

sociocultural

Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is an example of ___ treatment approach

amphetamines

Aline abuses drugs. After she undergoes a PET scan of her brain, her doctor tells her that she has reward deficiency syndrome. Which of these is a drug that directly stimulates the structures in Aline's reward circuit?

engaging in masturbation in childhood

All of the following are believed to contribute to female arousal and orgasmic disorders EXCEPT:

misshapen genitalia

All of the following are possible causes of dyspareunia EXCEPT:

Which statement is TRUE regarding treatment of bulimia nervosa

Antidepressant drugs used in combination with psychotherapy are more effective than either treatment alone

severe depression

As many as 90 percent of men with _____ experience some degree of erectile dysfunction

binge eating disorder

Assessing one's self-worth largely based on weight and body shape is a characteristic common to individuals with:

Anorexia nervosa- binge-eating/purging type

Bailey used to starve herself. Now, she eats an enormous amount of food in one sitting. Later, she will go to the bathroom and force herself to throw it up. She is afraid if she stops, she will be even more overweight than she is now. She doesn't understand why her doctor told her she should be gaining more weight. Bailey would most likely be diagnosed with ________

classical conditioning or modeling

Behaviorists believe that the fears found in illness anxiety disorder have been acquired through:

5

Binge drinking is defined as drinking at least _____ drinks on a single occasion

uncontrollable overeating

Bulimia is always characterized by:

GABA

Chronic and excessive use of alcohol or benzodiazepines may lower the brain's production of:

rewards

Cognitive-behavioral theorists propose that the physical symptoms of conversion and somatic disorders bring _____ to sufferers

higher than the rates for bulimia and anorexia

Compared with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, the prevalence of binge-eating disorder is:

dopamine

Which neurotransmitter system does cocaine have the GREATEST effect on?

lifelong

Dominic has never been able to achieve or maintain an erection for sexual intercourse, which means he would MOST likely be diagnosed with _____ erectile dysfunction

one

Early ejaculation is defined as ejaculation within _____ minute(s) of beginning sexual activity and before the person wishes it

lifelong and situational

Flora has never experienced normal sexual functioning or arousal with her husband. However, she has found she could be aroused when with other men. This type of dysfunction would be called:

primary

From a psychodynamic perspective, people whose symptoms keep their internal conflicts from emerging into consciousness achieve ___ gain

Probably not; there is no indication that Harrison is distressed by his fantasies or actions

Harrison, a 31-year-old man, is sexually aroused by wearing women's undergarments. He enjoys wearing a woman's thong when going out in public and likes to fantasize about wearing women's lingerie. Does Harrison meet the criteria for transvestic disorder?

judgement

Henry is drinking at a party. The first effects he experiences are changes in:

2 or 3 days

How long does delirium tremens (the DTs) last?

sexual masochism disorder

Hypoxyphilia, the strangulation or smothering of a person to enhance their sexual pleasure, is one form of ___ ___ ___

cognitive- behavioral

Hysterical disorders are forms of communication; they provide the person with a means for expressing emotions that would otherwise be difficult to convey. This statement BEST reflects the perspective of _____ theorists

distorted thinking

If a person says, "I must be perfect in every way. I'll be a better person if I deprive myself of food," that person is engaging in:

conversion disorder

If a person's bodily symptoms affect his or her voluntary motor and sensory functions, but the symptoms are inconsistent with any known medical disease, this condition is referred to as:

reduce it

If low levels of alcohol may enhance the sex drive by lowering a person's inhibitions, high levels will:

strengthen the person's motivation for change

In the treatment of anorexia nervosa, the objective of motivational interviewing is BEST described as seeking to

obsessive-compulsive

Individuals with illness anxiety disorder typically receive the kinds of treatment that are applied to _____ disorder

sexual dysfunction

Isaac has difficulty enjoying sexual intercourse because he is unable to respond normally in key areas of sexual functioning. He is most likely experiencing

sociocultural

Isabella moves into a facility where she will undergo individual and group therapy while living, working, and socializing in a drug-free environment. This is an example of what kind of therapy?

a need for increasing doses to produce the same effect

Kindra is likely to be diagnosed with a substance use disorder if she unsuccessfully tries to reduce or control her habit and if she experiences ________, also known as tolerance effects

female sexual interest/arousal disorder

LaTisha experiences little sexual response to erotic cues and physical stimulation. She is MOST likely experiencing:

sexual sadism

Marcos was accused by his last partner of having _______ because he became sexually aroused at the thought of causing harm to another.

female sexual interest/arousal disorder

Martina has vivid sexual fantasies, but she is unable to experience either clitoral or labial swelling. She also cannot experience vaginal lubrication. What would be the MOST likely diagnosis?

aversion therapy

Melody treats patients with substance use disorders. Her approach is to connect their drug use with another substance that will make them throw up or feel extremely sick. The goal is to have them associate the negative experience with their drug use. She is using _______

cisgender

Molly was born with XX chromosomes and prefers to express herself in a masculine manner; however, she identifies as a woman. Molly would be considered

cognitive-behavioral

Most clinicians agree with the _____ explanation of the origins of vaginismus

confabulation

Neelah is a long-time serious drinker. In the last year she has started having huge memory lapses. When this happens, she makes up wild stories to help her fill in what she does not remember. This symptom is called:

Pat is a woman and Kelly is a man

Pat and Kelly each have five of the same cocktail. Pat gets very drunk. Kelly does not. Which factor would MOST likely account for this difference?

"Have you recently started taking birth control pills?"

Priscilla is twenty-three years old and usually has a fairly high sex drive. Recently, she has experienced an unexpected drop in sex drive, although she doesn't have any new medical problems. What would be an important question to ask her before recommending psychotherapy?

endorphins

Regular use of opioids may reduce the brain's production of

are the same as those seen in heterosexual couples

Research shows that sexual dysfunctions among homosexual couples:

the "soldier's disease"

So many soldiers received morphine injections during the Civil War that addiction to morphine was known as:

antidepressant

Some clinicians treat premature ejaculation with _____ drugs because those treatments often reduce sexual arousal or orgasm

anorexia nervosa

Someone recovering from _____ is the most likely to receive intravenous feedings as a form of treatment

compensatory behaviors

Someone who fasts or exercises strenuously following a binge is engaging in:

a factitious disorder

Someone who has Munchausen syndrome also, by definition, has

cross tolerance

Sometimes two or more drugs are so similar in their actions on the brain and the body that as people build a tolerance for one drug, they are simultaneously developing a tolerance for the other. This is known as:

10

Studies indicate that _____ percent of women have never had an orgasm

50 percent

Studies show that students living in substance-free dorms engage in binge drinking about ____ as often as students living in fraternity or sorority houses

feigns an illness to achieve some external gain, such as financial compensation

The BEST example of malingering is a person who

masturbatory satiation

The MOST appropriate approach for treating an individual with fetishism is:

psychodynamic

The belief that people with voyeurism are seeking to gain power over others by their actions is a _____ perspective

amenorrhea

The cessation of menstruation common to women with anorexia is known as

synergistic

The combined impact of different drugs multiplying or potentiating each other's effects is known as the _____ effect

she has a factitious disorder

The healthcare provider is examining a woman in the emergency department who is complaining of having bloody diarrhea. The healthcare provider discovers that the woman is inducing her own condition by taking laxatives and anticoagulant medication. When asked why, the woman notes "I like being a patient here." What is the best explanation for the woman's behavior

cirrhosis

The scarring of the liver caused by alcohol consumption is known as:

Asian males and females

The segment of the U.S. population with the lowest prevalence of alcoholism is:

do not engage in purging behaviors

The significant clinical difference between binge-eating disorder and bulimia nervosa is that individuals with binge-eating disorder

biofeedback

The treatment approach in which electrical signals from the body are used to train people how to control physiological processes is called

The individual loses about half of the calories consumed during the binge

What is the effect of vomiting after a binge episode

sweets

What is the first type of food usually eliminated from the diet of a person who is developing restricting-type anorexia

fear

What is the primary motivation of people with anorexia nervosa

it is short term and instructive

What statement BEST describes modern sex therapy

classical conditioning

What theory explains how the sight of a hypodermic needle can comfort a person who is dependent on heroin?

nocturnal penile tumescence

When treating a patient with erectile disorder, the clinician should measure _____ to determine whether physical factors are responsible for the condition

loss of menstrual period

Which characteristic is very common in individuals with anorexia nervosa but is significantly less common in those who have bulimia nervosa or binge eating?

Munchausen syndrome by proxy

Which disorder is considered by law enforcement to be a form of child abuse

cocaine

Which drug increases the activity of the central nervous system?

heroin

Which drug is NOT known to directly stimulate the brain's reward center?

being afraid of losing control over the size of his or her body

Which is a characteristic of a person with restricting-type anorexia nervosa

Insurance providers were, in general, much quicker to cover the cost of Viagra than they were to cover the cost of oral contraceptives

Which is a correct statement about Viagra and/or oral contraceptives?

At high doses, cannabis can cause intoxication; at very high doses, it can cause hallucinations

Which statement about cannabis use is TRUE?

they generally maintain their normal weight, with some fluctuations

Which statement about women with bulimia nervosa is accurate

their risk has increased

Which statement accurately describes the risk for African American women of developing eating disorders?

heavy drinking is at least twice as likely in men as it is in women

Which statement is TRUE regarding gender differences in heavy drinkers?

operant conditioning

Which theory explains drug-seeking behavior as led by a rewarding effect that makes using the substance again more likely?

aversion therapy

Which treatment of sexual disorders also overlaps with how some substance use disorders are treated

Incentive-sensitization theory and general dopamine dysfunction

Which two explanations are most commonly used to explain substance use disorders from a biological perspective?

muscle dysmorphia

Which type of eating disorder is found almost exclusively in men

antidepressants

Which type of medication has been used to help reduce binges and vomiting in persons with bulimia nervosa?

have less of a stomach enzyme that breaks down alcohol

Women tolerate alcohol less well than men because they:

male hypoactive sexual desire disorder

Zane has not had any interest in sex for the past year. Because of this, his sexual activity has been very limited. What would he MOST likely be diagnosed with?

relapse-prevention training

a therapist is treating a client who misuses alcohol. As part of the therapy, the therapist teaches her client how to recognize when he is almost at his drinking limit. This therapist is using:

15 to 20

modern sex therapy usually lasts ___ sessions